Nursing Thought & Action Chapter 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of continuing education (CE) for nurses?

To focus solely on administrative tasks

To complete the nursing school requirements

To enhance intellectual and practical knowledge (correct)

To prepare for retirement

Which of the following does NOT typically count toward continuing education requirements for nursing license renewal?

Courses taken online

Workshops offered by educational institutions

In-service education (correct)

Professional conferences

What does informal education in nursing primarily involve?

Knowledge gained through direct experience and discussions (correct)

Online tutorials and webinars

Mandatory licensing coursework

Formal classroom settings and exams

What is the first stage of Benner's Model of nursing competence?

Novice (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Benner's Model indicates that a nurse focuses on following the steps in procedures?

Novice (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for nurses to know their state requirements regarding continuing education?

To comply with the renewal process for their license (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary focuses of in-service education for nurses?

Specific changes in policies or new equipment use (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of nursing competence does Benner's Model emphasize?

Application of knowledge and insight (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of physicians in the health team?

To diagnose and treat disease and illness (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do nurse practitioners (NPs) typically engage in their practice?

Through independent and collaborative care based on their specialty (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a physician assistant (PA)?

To practice under the supervision of a physician (D) Signup and view all the answers

What misconception do some unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) commonly make?

They can introduce themselves as nurses (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of pharmacists in a health team?

To provide information about medications and collaborate with other team members (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which level of nursing personnel is directly responsible for administering treatments and modifying care plans?

Registered Nurses (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one activity that licensed practical nurses (LPNs) are permitted to do?

Administer certain medications under the supervision of RNs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a UAP from a licensed nurse?

UAPs only provide custodial care and are not licensed (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first African American graduate nurse in the United States?

Mary Mahoney (A) Signup and view all the answers

What organization did the National Association of Colored Graduates eventually merge with?

American Nurses Association (ANA) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was Lavinia Dock's primary contribution to nursing?

Compiling the first manual of drugs for nurses (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is emphasized in nursing education to ensure safety and quality in nursing care?

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What essential skills are highlighted for nurses in today's healthcare environment?

Clinical judgment, communication, and leadership (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who created the first system for keeping individual medical records?

Linda Richards (B) Signup and view all the answers

What key focus does the concept of 'person-centered care' imply in nursing?

Providing care tailored to the unique needs of patients (B) Signup and view all the answers

What organization is responsible for establishing core competencies for professional nursing education?

American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main principles outlined by the ANA for health system transformation?

Ensuring universal access to essential healthcare services (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which concept focuses on coordinating care to achieve the best client outcomes in the healthcare system?

Care management (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does work redesign contribute to health system transformation?

By assessing client care needs and personnel mix for better outcomes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What do critical pathways allow the interprofessional team to do?

Reduce client length of stay through scientific evidence-based approaches (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions related to healthcare is highlighted in the debates on universal healthcare?

Is healthcare a right or a privilege for all citizens? (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role do nurse case managers typically play in healthcare?

They coordinate care to ensure efficient and quality service. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the approach of promoting economical use of healthcare services?

Supporting individuals with limited resources to share in costs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of funding for Medicare?

Payroll taxes and premiums (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which program is specifically designed to assist children whose families exceed Medicaid income eligibility?

Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of promoting primary, community-based, and preventive services?

To reduce reliance on acute, hospital-based services (A) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Medicaid as a healthcare program?

Eligibility and benefits vary between states. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant limitation of Medicare regarding long-term care?

It offers limited coverage for long-term care. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes specialty programs in healthcare?

Programs targeted at specific populations like military personnel. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of government-funded health insurance programs?

To ensure access to healthcare for low-income individuals and families. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why might the continuation of the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) be uncertain?

Its funding relies on federal and state budgetary allocations. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of government-funded health insurance programs?

They provide universal coverage. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of the case method of nursing care?

It is a one-to-one care model. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes functional nursing?

Each staff member performs tasks within their scope of practice. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing model is designed to reduce fragmentation of care while maximizing efficiency?

Team nursing (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role does the primary nurse play in primary nursing models?

They manage care for a specific group of clients. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which setting is the case method of nursing most commonly utilized?

Intensive care units and labor and delivery (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of functional nursing?

It may cause fragmentation of client care. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Team nursing is most effective in which of the following contexts?

In high-acuity environments with a need for collaborative care (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do associate nurses function in the primary nursing model?

They deliver care based on the primary nurse's plan when the primary nurse is unavailable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chapter 1: Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action

Learning Outcomes:
- Define nursing in your own words.
- Describe how person-centered care is the foundation of professional nursing.
- Discuss the transitions that nursing education has undergone in the last century.
- Differentiate among the various forms of nursing education.
- Explain how nursing practice is regulated.
- Give four examples of influential nursing organizations.
- Name and recognize the four purposes of nursing care.
- Describe the healthcare delivery system in the United States, including sites for care, types of workers, regulations, and financing of healthcare.
- Name nine expanded roles for nursing.
- Discuss issues related to healthcare reform.
- Delineate the forces and trends affecting contemporary nursing practice.
Key Concepts:
- Contemporary nursing education
- Contemporary nursing practice
- Healthcare delivery system
- Nursing
- Nursing history
- Related concepts

Then & Now

Time: 1854, the Crimean Conflict (Russia). Place: Üsküdar (Scutari), Turkey.
The hospital was filled with injured and dying soldiers.
Florence Nightingale and her nurses addressed the environmental conditions, health problems of the soldiers, and available supplies and equipment.
They improved sanitation, nourished the injured, comforted the ill and dying, writing letters home for the soldiers.
Time: 2023. Place: Your Local Hospital.
Susan, a nurse, monitors client's health, reviewing medications and checking lab results for irregularities in the client's heartbeat.
Potentially triggers an emergency and the nurse addresses the client's needs in cooperation with the provider.
Time: 2050. Place: A Local Home.
Mr. Samuels undergoes robotic cardiac surgery and is currently under a nurse's care.
The nurse monitors and analyzes client's data and adherence,
The nurse focuses on the client's activity compliance and assessments of any discomfort/anxiety.

Safety and Effective Nursing Practices

Values and behaviors central to nursing practice (e.g., client well-being, attention to detail, and organizational skills).
Ensuring safe, quality care (e.g., correct dosage, prioritizing patient needs).
Emphasizing competency (e.g., obtaining knowledge and skills to ensure client outcomes are safely met, showing concern and kindness, communicating effectively).

Nursing Education

Different nursing education programs exist (diploma, associate's degree, baccalaureate degree, accelerated BSN, RN to BSN).
Full-Spectrum Nursing competencies are important components.
Roles and functions of a nurse are diverse (direct care provider, communicator, counselor, manager).

Healthcare Delivery System

Providers, facilities, vendors, and rules form the healthcare delivery system.
Types of care provided include acute care, long-term support services.
Examples of facilities for various types of care include hospitals, ambulatory care centers, home healthcare agencies, community/public health centers, and independent living facilities.
Key factors in the healthcare delivery system include individuals, insurance, government financing, and charitable organizations.

Historical Leaders in Nursing

Florence Nightingale: Advocate for quality healthcare for soldiers and wounded warriors
Dorothea Dix: Served as the superintendent of the U.S. Army Nurses.
Clara Barton: Provided care in tents to soldiers, and later established the American Red Cross.
Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster: Pioneers of public health nursing, founded the Henry Street Settlement.
Edward Lyon: First male nurse to receive a reserve officer commission.
Mary Mahoney: First African American graduate nurse in the United States.
Lavinia Dock: Nurse, Feminist and social activist, compiled the first manual of drugs for nurses.
Linda Richards: First professionally trained nurse in the United States.

Nursing Practice

Nursing roles have evolved, reflecting advancements in technology and societal needs.
Nurses use the nursing process to plan and provide care.
Critical thinking, clinical judgment, and problem-solving are essential to safe, high-quality nursing practice.

Contemporary Nursing Practices and Challenges

Factors influencing contemporary nursing practice, such as societal trends, economic conditions, technology advancements, and the changing demographics of the client population, are addressed.
Issues like healthcare reform, access to care, cost of care, and the need for diverse perspectives in healthcare are discussed.
Nurses are expected to have diverse skills for practice.
Advanced practice nurses (APNs), such as clinical nurse specialists, nurse practitioners, nurse anesthetists, and nurse midwives, are discussed.
The role of assistive personnel (UAPs) alongside nurses is crucial.
Collaborations are essential to provide patient care for better outcomes, while understanding the responsibilities of each profession within the collaborative effort.

Professional Nursing Organizations

American Nurses Association (ANA): Sets nursing standards, provides guidelines, and advocates for nurses.
National League for Nursing (NLN): Establishes and maintains a standard of nursing education
International Council of Nurses (ICN): Represents nurses globally; supports quality nursing.

Regulation of Nursing Practice

State boards of nursing are responsible for regulating nursing practice within their jurisdiction.
Nurse practice acts (state laws) are discussed; these acts govern the practice of nursing, establishing criteria for licensure.
Standards of practice shape nursing practice, ensuring quality, competency and the knowledge base of the professionals in the field.

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Description

Explore the evolution of nursing thought and action with this comprehensive quiz based on Chapter 1. Learn about the foundations of person-centered care, transitions in nursing education, regulation of nursing practice, and the role of influential nursing organizations. Test your knowledge on contemporary nursing practices and the healthcare delivery system in the U.S.