Nursing Theories & Evidence-Based Practice

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in the nursing process?

Assessment (correct)

Evaluation

Intervention

Planning

Which phase of the nursing process involves prioritizing nursing issues?

Planning Phase (correct)

Evaluation Phase

Assessment Phase

Intervention Phase

What does the Evaluation Phase determine in the nursing process?

The success or failure of treatment (correct)

The effectiveness of the assessment data

The need for additional training

The accuracy of the nursing diagnosis

What represents the organized knowledge about nursing practice by early theorists?

Conceptual frameworks Signup and view all the answers

In which nursing process phase is a care plan created?

Planning Phase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities does NOT occur during the Intervention Phase?

Organizing assessment data Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of the Assessment Phase?

Producing a nursing diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phases involves revising nursing interventions if outcomes are not achieved?

Evaluation Phase Signup and view all the answers

What does the P in the PICO format stand for?

Population Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the PICO question format?

Condition Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have a well-developed research question in nursing practice?

To receive better quality resources and answers Signup and view all the answers

Which source is suggested for obtaining practice guidelines in nursing?

Professional associations Signup and view all the answers

In the example PICO question about fall prevention, what does the 'O' specifically refer to?

Outcome Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of using empirical literature when addressing clinical questions?

It offers scientific data to bridge knowledge gaps Signup and view all the answers

How many published Best Practice Guidelines does RNAO have?

50 Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential clinical question related to patient care?

How can I reduce post-operative pain in patients? Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of using Evidence-Informed Decision Making (EIDM) in nursing?

To improve quality of care for clients Signup and view all the answers

Which step in Evidence-Informed Practice involves evaluating the outcome of a practice change?

Evaluate the outcome Signup and view all the answers

What must nurses do in addition to integrating evidence into their practice?

Consider cultural values and beliefs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a step in the Evidence-Informed Practice process?

Conduct a literature review Signup and view all the answers

Which term is synonymous with Evidence-Based Practice?

Evidence-Informed Practice Signup and view all the answers

What is included in Evidence-Informed Practice besides research findings?

Clinical expertise Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the Evidence-Informed Practice process?

Ask a question that presents a clinical problem Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the goals of integrating evidence into nursing practice?

To improve the healthcare system Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of health encompass beyond the absence of disease?

Overall well-being Signup and view all the answers

What type of theory provides insights into abstract phenomena like human behavior?

Grand Theories Signup and view all the answers

How do middle-range theories differ from grand theories?

They are applicable to specific nursing situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of prescriptive theories in nursing?

To guide nursing interventions and research Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of theoretical model in nursing?

Causal Theories Signup and view all the answers

What do descriptive theories aim to accomplish in nursing practice?

Describe phenomena and their consequences Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the metaparadigm concept of environment include?

Family, social ties, and health care system Signup and view all the answers

How does individualized nursing impact the nursing process?

It allows for tailored interventions based on patient needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of nursing theory?

To organize knowledge about nursing for practical and accountable use Signup and view all the answers

What does midrange theory specifically address?

Specific portions of nurses' concerns and patient outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a model in nursing theory?

A representation of interactions between concepts Signup and view all the answers

How do nursing theories provide perspective for nurses?

By providing systematic methods for explaining and analyzing patient situations Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary shift in focus for society regarding health care in the late 1960s?

From curing diseases to eradicating disease Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines a worldview in the context of nursing theory?

A perspective for interpreting experiences and interactions Signup and view all the answers

Which early model is considered a foundational reference for nursing theory?

Florence Nightingale's framework with a focus on environment Signup and view all the answers

What influenced the major developments in nursing theory in the late 1960s?

The expansion of the health care system and scientific discoveries Signup and view all the answers

What do needs theories primarily focus on in nursing?

Conceptualizing patients as collections of needs Signup and view all the answers

Which theorist is associated with the practice-based theories of nursing?

Florence Nightingale Signup and view all the answers

In interactionist theories, what is the primary focus?

The relationships between nurses and patients Signup and view all the answers

Which model focuses on self-care in nursing theory?

Dorothea Orem Self Care Theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following theorists is associated with systems theories?

Betty Neuman Signup and view all the answers

What do simultaneity theories highlight in nursing practice?

An understanding of the client and nursing's role in relation to the client Signup and view all the answers

Which of these models is associated with the concept of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

Virginia Henderson Model Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the CRAAP tool in evidence-informed practice?

To assist in recognizing appropriate literature Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Week 11: Professional Development I

Module 11 covers Nursing Theories, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice
Mohawk College, named after the Mohawk Nation, recognizes the Six Nations of the Grand River and the Mississauga's of the Credit First Nation by incorporating the Between the Lakes Treaty, the Dish with One Spoon Wampum Agreement, and the Upper Canada Treaty Agreement
Agreements govern lands on which the College is situated, maintaining healthy, reciprocal, and respectful relationships with Indigenous nations and peoples
The ongoing contributions of Indigenous peoples and communities are valued

Agenda

Housekeeping
Learning Outcomes
Nursing Theory & Research
Evidence-Based Practice
Coming Up
Questions?

Learning Outcomes

Define key terms related to nursing theories
Describe selected theories and conceptual frameworks associated with nursing practice
Identify common components of nursing theories
Describe the purpose of research in professional nursing practice
Define introductory research concepts and terms
Develop skills in critiquing research
Explain the need for evidence to inform nurses' decision-making
Describe the concepts of evidence-based practice and nursing research
Describe various sources of evidence suitable for nursing clinical practice
Investigate a question regarding best practice that can be answered using nursing research
Review Best Practice Guidelines that evaluate research
Suggest what the best clinical practice should be

Nursing Theory Terms

Concept: An idea or notion
Conceptual Model: A set of interrelated concepts that describe relationships among them
Framework: A basic structure in which theory is developed
Metaparadigm: Concepts that identify the domain of a discipline
Grand Theory: A broad theory covering a discipline's concerns
Metatheory: Theory about theory development
Midrange Theory: A focused theory for nursing concerned with patient outcomes
Model: A representation of interactions between concepts
Nursing Theory: A framework of testable concepts contributing to nursing thought and practice
Worldview: A perspective for viewing, perceiving, and interpreting one's experience

Nursing Theory

The aim of nursing theory is to organize knowledge to enable nurses to use it professionally and accountably
It provides a systematic way to explain, predict, and prescribe phenomena
It gives nurses a perspective to view patient situations, organize data, and analyze and interpret information
Florence Nightingale's work is considered an early model for nursing
Major developments in nursing theory occurred in the late 1960s as a response to health care system expansion, and the focus on curing disease
Nurses needed to articulate how their roles differed from other health care providers, hence the beginnings of nursing theories
Early theories organized knowledge of nursing but lacked systematic explanation of how nurses apply knowledge
The nursing process resulted from the problem-solving approach, involving four steps: assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation
Each step allows nursing knowledge to be applied to nurse-patient situations
The nursing process now includes Diagnosis as a step (ADPIE) and uses the term clinical judgment, highlighting critical thinking and multiple ways of knowing

Conceptual Frameworks

Nursing theorists used frameworks to organize concepts and their relationships
These frameworks work as "mental maps" to help make sense of information
Theorists sought to depict theoretical structures of nursing practice to help nurses grasp clinical situations with a broader context.

Metaparadigm Concepts

Conceptual frameworks defined nursing by identifying key bodies of knowledge to understand situations
The collective body of knowledge is called metaparadigm concepts (Person, Environment, Health, Nursing Care)

Major Theoretical Models

Grand theories are global frameworks for insight into abstract phenomena. They help with structures for broad ideas in nursing
Middle-range theories address specific concepts and reflect nursing practice; they are less abstract
Descriptive theories explain phenomena by detailing causes and consequences
Prescriptive theories focus on nursing interventions by analyzing their consequences and guiding research
Practice-Based: Covers models like Florence Nightingale.
Needs-Based: Focus on understanding and meeting patient needs, examples include Maslows, Henderson and Orem.
Interactionist: Explains the relationship between nurses and patients, e.g. Hildegard Peplau.
Systems Theories: Encompass the understanding of overall systems, e.g. Dorothy Johnson, Betty Neuman
Simultaneity Theories: Give unique perspectives on articulating and understanding patient care, e.g. Martha Rogers, Rosemarie Parse, and Jean Watson

Evidence Based Practice

Canadian Nurses Association mandates all nurses to use evidence in decision making.
This practice improves quality of care for clients.
Nurses use factors like expertise, client preferences and other resources beyond evidence in their decision making process.
Multiple methods describe Evidence-based practice (e.g. Evidence-Informed Decision Making, Evidence-Informed Practice)
Evidence-based practice encompasses research evidence, clinical expertise and patients’ preferences.
Steps include defining the clinical problem, searching for best evidence, critically appraising, integrating evidence and outcomes, and determining outcomes to modify procedures.
The 6S Pyramid is used to quickly locate relevant research evidence, e.g. Systems, Summaries, Synopses of Synthesis.
The CRAAP test helps to assess the quality of literature by looking at: Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose.

Upcoming Work

Complete 1-hour asynchronous work in Module 11
Prepare for Module 12 (including reviewing module objectives, relevant readings and activities)
Part C Assignment: Group Presentation (due December 6th). Refer to Canvas for instructions
Final Exam (Monday, December 9th, at IAHS, 4:30 PM, 90 minutes). Worth 25% and covers Modules 9-13. Arrive early and have Mohawk OneCard

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts from Module 11 of the professional development course at Mohawk College, focusing on nursing theories, research, and evidence-based practice. It aims to enhance understanding of essential terms and frameworks related to nursing, while highlighting the importance of Indigenous agreements governing the college's land. Test your knowledge on these critical topics to strengthen your professional nursing practice.