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Questions and Answers
What era is referred to as the Intuitive Period?
What era is referred to as the Intuitive Period?
Primitive Era – 6th Century
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Intuitive Period?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Intuitive Period?
During the Intuitive Period, caregiving training was evident.
During the Intuitive Period, caregiving training was evident.
False
What term was used for the medical authority in Mesopotamia?
What term was used for the medical authority in Mesopotamia?
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What ancient text may date back to 3000 BC in Egypt?
What ancient text may date back to 3000 BC in Egypt?
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What is Ayurveda?
What is Ayurveda?
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The earliest known physician in ancient Egypt was referred to as the ______.
The earliest known physician in ancient Egypt was referred to as the ______.
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Study Notes
Objectives of Nursing Theories
- Understanding the evolution of nursing knowledge, leading to the establishment of theories for research, education, administration, and practice.
- History emphasizes the importance of theory within nursing as both an educational discipline and a specialized professional field.
- Familiarity with the theory development process is essential for comprehending theoretical works in nursing.
Periods of Nursing Evolution
- Nursing has evolved through four key periods: Intuitive, Apprentice, Educational, and Contemporary.
Intuitive Period (Primitive Era – 6th Century)
- Nursing was largely instinctive and untrained, driven by compassion and the desire to help.
- Roles included comforting, midwifery, and wet nursing, predominantly filled by women, without formal training.
- Early beliefs posited that illnesses were caused by evil spirits, with shamans or witch doctors acting as healers.
- Trephining, a surgical method involving drilling into the skull, was practiced to treat ailments.
Prehistoric Medical Practices
- Included methods such as bloodletting with leeches, use of mercury, lobotomies, and even early forms of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
- Some practices were deemed cannibalistic in nature.
Contributions of Early Civilizations to Medicine
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Mesopotamia
- Blurred lines between science and magic; diagnostic handbooks were created detailing therapy methods and symptoms.
- Asipu served as a healer and exorcist, indicating a belief in deities influencing mental illness.
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Egypt
- Egyptians recognized for having a highly developed public health system.
- The Edwin Smith Papyrus, dating back to around 3000 BC, documented various ailments and provided surgical insights devoid of magical thinking.
- Peseshet recognized as the earliest known woman physician, indicative of women’s roles in early medicine.
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India
- The Atharvaveda, an ancient text, introduced foundational concepts in medicine.
- Ayurveda emerged as a comprehensive medical system with eight branches.
- Influential texts by Charaka and Sushruta provided extensive information on medical practices, including examination, diagnosis, and treatment methods.
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Description
Explore the development and significance of nursing theories through various historical periods. This quiz covers the intuitive, apprentice, educational, and contemporary eras of nursing evolution, highlighting key aspects in research, education, and practice. Understand the foundational theories that shape the nursing profession today.
