40 Questions
What is the main objective of preparing preceptors for their role?
To equip them with knowledge on adult learning and social-learning concepts
What is the purpose of a 'buddy program' for international nurses?
To help them feel welcomed in the organizational culture
What is the main difference between training and education?
Training has an immediate use while education is designed to develop a person broadly
What can managers do to increase the chance of a positive employment outcome for minority student nurses?
Design programs to assist with socialization
What is the benefit of having experienced staff development or supervisory personnel monitor the preceptor and new graduate closely?
To ensure the relationship continues to be beneficial and growth-producing for both
What is the purpose of a cultural diversity enhancement group (CDEG)?
To assist international nurses in adjusting to the organizational culture
What is the main objective of selecting preceptors carefully?
To ensure they have a strong desire to be role models
What group of employees may benefit from programs designed to assist with socialization?
Employees with role status change, minority student nurses, and international nurses
What is necessary to ensure a smooth staff development system?
All parties involved should understand and carry out their responsibilities.
Who should be involved in formulating staff development policies and delineating duties?
Representatives from top-, middle-, and first-level management, staff development, and the human resource department.
What is essential to determine the effectiveness of a staff development program?
The cost and benefits of various programs.
What is the first step in developing an educational program?
Identify the desired knowledge or skills the staff should have.
What is the purpose of an advisory committee in staff development?
To provide input in formulating staff development policies and delineating duties.
What should be clearly communicated in a staff development program?
Accountability for various parts of the program.
Why is it important to determine the present level of knowledge or skill?
To determine the deficit of desired knowledge and skills.
What should be done after identifying the resources available to meet needs?
Make maximum use of available resources.
What is a standard prodder?
Someone who refuses to accept less than standards of excellence.
What is a teacher-coach?
Someone who teaches you interpersonal, technical, or political skills essential for advancement.
What is a role model in nursing?
An experienced, competent employee who is worthy of imitation
What is the main difference between a preceptor and a mentor?
Their willingness to assist in career development
What is a door opener?
Someone who, by virtue of his or her position, can provide you with new opportunities or experiences.
According to Lee (2000), what is mentoring?
A distinctive interactive relationship between two individuals
What is the role of a manager in the shock phase of role transition?
To intervene by listening to new graduates and helping them cope in the real world.
What is the main difference between a preceptor's and a mentor's relationships with their protégés?
The length of the relationship
What is the result of the shock phase of role transition?
New graduates start to feel overwhelmed and struggle to adapt.
What is the primary purpose of coaching as a teaching strategy?
To change behavior
What is an energizer in a mentor's role?
Someone who stimulates you to take action
What is the most neglected aspect of accountability in staff development?
Cost-effectiveness
What is the purpose of a career counselor?
To help you to make short- and long-term career plans.
What is the primary focus of indoctrination in staff development?
Orientation
What is the role of an idea bouncer?
Someone who listens and discusses your ideas.
What is the role of an investor in a mentor's role?
Someone who invests their time and energy into your personal and professional growth
What is the phase that follows the honeymoon phase in the role transition of a new nurse?
The shock phase.
What is an example of a criterion used to measure organizational impact in staff development?
Quality of care
What is the role of a supporter in a mentor's role?
Someone who offers emotional support and builds self-confidence
What is the purpose of short-term coaching as a teaching tool?
Socialization and dealing with short-term problems
What is the main purpose of a mentor?
To assist in career development and furthering protégé's career
What is the definition of coaching as a teaching strategy?
One person helping another to reach an optimum level of performance
What is the primary benefit of long-term coaching as a tool?
Career management
What is the second criterion used to evaluate staff development activities?
Behavior change
Study Notes
Clarifying Role Expectations
- A role model is an experienced, competent employee who is worthy of imitation.
- The relationship between the new employee and the role model is passive, where the new employee sees the role model's skills and attempts to emulate them.
Preceptors and Mentors
- A preceptor is an experienced nurse who provides knowledge, emotional support, and clarification of role expectations on a one-to-one basis.
- A mentor takes on a greater role in using education for role clarification and makes a conscious decision to assist the protégé in attaining expert status and furthering their career development.
- Preceptors are usually assigned, while true mentors freely choose who they will mentor.
- The relationship between the mentor and mentee is longer and more intense than that between the preceptor and new graduate.
Roles of the Mentor
- Model: someone you admire or want to emulate
- Envisioner: someone who can see and communicate a meaning of professional nursing and its potential
- Energizer: someone whose dynamism stimulates you to take action
- Investor: someone who invests their time and energy into your personal and professional growth
- Supporter: someone who offers emotional support and builds self-confidence
- Standard prodder: someone who refuses to accept less than standards of excellence
- Teacher-coach: someone who teaches you interpersonal, technical, or political skills essential for advancement
- Feedback giver: someone who gives honest positive and negative feedback for growth
- Eye opener: someone who broadens your perspective and gives you new ways of viewing situations
- Door opener: someone who provides new opportunities or experiences
- Idea bouncer: someone who will listen and discuss your ideas
- Problem solver: someone who can help you examine problems and identify possible solutions
- Career counselor: someone who helps you make short- and long-term career plans
- Challenger: someone who encourages you to investigate issues more critically or in greater detail
Employees With Unique Socialization Needs
- New nurses: experience fear and difficulties in adapting to the work setting, known as reality shock, which has four phases: honeymoon, shock, recovery, and resolution
- International nurses: may benefit from a cultural diversity enhancement group (CDEG) and a "buddy program" to assist in socialization
- Minority students and culturally and ethnically diverse student nurses: may require special socialization assistance
- Employees with role status change, and experienced nurses in role transition: may require special socialization assistance
Staff Development
- Training: an organized method of ensuring people have knowledge and skills for a specific purpose
- Education: more formal and broader in scope than training, designed to develop the person in a broader sense
- Responsibilities of the Education Department: ensure that all parties involved in staff development understand and carry out their responsibilities
Assessing Staff Development Needs
- Identify the desired knowledge or skills the staff should have
- Identify the present level of knowledge or skill
- Determine the deficit of desired knowledge and skills
- Identify the resources available to meet needs
- Make maximum use of available resources
- Evaluate and test outcomes after use of resources
Evaluation of Staff Development Activities
- Learner's reaction: how did the learner perceive the orientation, class, or training?
- Behavior change: what behavior change occurred as a result of the learning?
- Organizational impact: how did the staff development activity affect the organization?
- Cost-effectiveness: all staff development activities should be quantified in some manner
Coaching as a Teaching Strategy
- Coaching is a teaching strategy rather than a learning theory
- Coaching is one person helping another to reach an optimum level of performance
- Short-term coaching is effective for assisting with socialization and dealing with short-term problems
- Long-term coaching is effective for career management and dealing with disciplinary problems
Learn about the role of role models, preceptors, and mentors in nursing, including their characteristics and relationships with new employees.
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