Nursing Process: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole & Metronidazole Teaching Plan

Bacteriostatic drugs inhibit bacterial growth, while bactericidal drugs kill bacteria.

Bacteria reproduce by cell division, ranging from 12 minutes to 24 hours.

The cell wall in bacteria provides rigidity and determines the shape of the bacteria.

<p>Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Clostridium perfringens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth without killing the bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Inhibition of bacterial cell-wall synthesis, 2) Alteration of membrane permeability, 3) Inhibition of protein synthesis, 4) Inhibition of the synthesis of bacterial RNA and DNA, 5) Interference with metabolism within the cell</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narrow-spectrum antibiotics are effective against one type of organism, while broad-spectrum antibiotics can be effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-resistance occurs among antibacterial drugs that have similar actions, where resistance to one drug may lead to resistance to another drug with similar mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibacterials must penetrate the bacterial cell and have an affinity for the binding sites on the bacterial cell, which increases the effect of their antibacterial action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Age, nutrition, immunoglobulins, white blood cells (WBCs), organ function, and circulation are body defenses that collaborate to halt the infectious process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Health care–acquired infections are infections that occur in large health care institutions, often due to the development of mutant strains of organisms that are increasingly resistant to antibiotics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narrow-spectrum antibiotics target specific types of bacteria, while broad-spectrum antibiotics target a wide range of bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peak levels help ensure adequate drug concentration for efficacy, while trough levels prevent toxicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each generation has increased activity against Gram-negative bacteria and increased resistance to beta-lactamases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erythromycin is well absorbed orally but can cause gastrointestinal upset. It binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sulfonamides are well absorbed orally and are widely distributed in body tissues. They inhibit folic acid synthesis in bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nurses should monitor for signs of hearing loss and kidney dysfunction, such as changes in urine output and serum creatinine levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers