Nursing Process Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with first using the term 'nursing process'?

  • Lydia Hall (correct)
  • Dorothy Johnson
  • Ida Orlando
  • The American Nurses Association
  • Which organization required the use of the nursing process as a condition for accreditation in the 1970s?

  • The American Nurses Association (ANA)
  • The World Health Organization
  • The National League for Nursing
  • The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals (correct)
  • In 1967, Yura and Walsh identified how many steps in the nursing process?

  • Five
  • Three
  • Six
  • Four (correct)
  • Which step was added to the nursing process in the 1973 ANA publication?

    <p>Nursing diagnosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 1991, what additional step was added to the planning process by the ANA?

    <p>Outcomes identification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the nursing process?

    <p>To facilitate safe and quality patient care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as the foundation for standards of practice in psychiatric-mental health nursing?

    <p>The nursing process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following questions does the scope of psychiatric nursing NOT answer?

    <p>Who do they do it for? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as the basis for the duties and obligations of psychiatric-mental health nurses?

    <p>Standards of practice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the standards of practice for psychiatric-mental health nurses?

    <p>Establishing staff scheduling protocols (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Institute of Medicine(IOM), which skill is essential for healthcare workers in the 21st century?

    <p>Providing patient-centered care (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN) initiative?

    <p>Improving patient safety and quality of care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What addition do the QSEN competencies make to the IOM’s competencies?

    <p>Safety as a distinct competency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a thorough formal nursing assessment take place?

    <p>Upon the patient entering treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient demonstrates significantly slowed responses during an assessment, how might this affect the process?

    <p>A longer, more patient interview may be required (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the HIPAA privacy rule?

    <p>To protect an individual's health information while allowing healthcare providers to obtain health information for the purpose of providing high-quality healthcare. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it appropriate to rely completely on secondary sources for assessment information?

    <p>When the patient is silent, experiencing psychosis, or agitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the nurse's approach to patient care?

    <p>Viewing the individual as a complex blend of many parts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstance is it advisable to conduct a separate interview with a child?

    <p>When the child is reluctant to share information, especially in cases of suspected abuse by their caregivers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides nurses, which other professionals may also conduct patient assessments?

    <p>Psychiatrists, social workers and dietitians (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should always be given to the patient during the assessment process?

    <p>A copy of the HIPAA guidelines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it appropriate to utilize a child's caregivers as a primary source during an assessment process?

    <p>When the child is non-verbal and has difficulty expressing feelings or past events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of ongoing patient care, how often should nurses collect data about their patient?

    <p>Continuously, and systematically as the patient's condition changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a mental status examination (MSE) in psychiatric nursing?

    <p>To evaluate the patient's current cognitive processes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of data is a patient's chief complaint considered to be?

    <p>Subjective data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'subjective data' refer to in a psychosocial assessment?

    <p>Information gathered from the patient and accompanying individuals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following physical conditions can potentially mimic major depressive disorder?

    <p>Hypothyroidism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of the psychosocial history?

    <p>The patient's perception and recollections of their life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered objective data in a mental health assessment?

    <p>Patient's heart rate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes spirituality from religion?

    <p>Spirituality is an internal search for meaning, while religion is an external system of beliefs and worship. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the given content, which of the following is an example of a somatic symptom that can be associated with a psychiatric disorder?

    <p>Intense fatigue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lab test result is most relevant to assess for a physical cause mimicking mood disorder symptoms?

    <p>Thyroid function test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key element in documenting the chief complaint during a psychosocial assessment?

    <p>Documenting the patient's statements verbatim. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drawback of religious involvement in the context of psychiatric treatment, mentioned in the content?

    <p>Denial of the existence of psychiatric disorders in favor of spiritual explanations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between spirituality and religion?

    <p>They are different but not mutually exclusive, often overlapping in practice. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects are included in a psychosocial assessment?

    <p>Patient’s perceptions, coping styles, and support systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to rule out physical causes for psychiatric symptoms?

    <p>To prevent misdiagnosis and ensure the correct treatment approach. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of symptoms can abnormal liver enzyme levels explain?

    <p>Irritability, depression, and lethargy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP)?

    <p>To create multidisciplinary health vocabularies within information systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT typically part of a nursing diagnostic statement?

    <p>Patient's past medical history. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a problem-focused nursing diagnosis, what does 'related to' signify?

    <p>The probable cause or contributing factor to the problem. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical question used in a cultural and social assessment?

    <p>How has your illness affected your financial status? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of summarizing and reviewing cultural and social assessment data with the patient?

    <p>To provide reassurance and an opportunity for clarification. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key distinction between a problem-focused and a risk nursing diagnosis?

    <p>Problem-focused diagnoses describe existing conditions, while risk diagnoses describe potential problems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following phrases is typically used to connect the nursing diagnosis with supporting data?

    <p>As evidenced by (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides electronic medical records, which of these external sources can be valuable when validating information about a patient?

    <p>Emergency department records. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'outcome criteria' primarily reflect within the nursing process?

    <p>The maximum level of patient health that can be realistically achieved. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are standardized rating scales useful in psychiatric evaluation?

    <p>They offer a structured tool for monitoring symptom severity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided material, what characteristic should all outcome statements possess?

    <p>They are stated in positive terms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In psychiatric mental health nursing, what is the purpose of a nursing diagnosis?

    <p>To create a clinical judgement about the patient's response to actual and potential problems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is primarily responsible for the development of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP)?

    <p>International Council of Nurses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what order does Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggest that nursing diagnoses should be prioritized?

    <p>Physiological, needs, then safety, followed by higher-order needs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient's nursing diagnosis is 'Risk for self-mutilation', what element is absent from its formulation?

    <p>A 'related to' statement indicating probable cause. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content provided, what is the primary benefit of using the ICNP in nursing practice?

    <p>It provides a classification that is easily integrated with other healthcare classification systems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the WHO's International Classification of Disease (ICD)?

    <p>It classifies all types of diseases and disorders. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When planning interventions, what does 'compatible and appropriate' refer to?

    <p>The intervention's alignment with other therapies and patient values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse do after completing a cultural and social assessment with a patient?

    <p>Summarize and review the data with the patient. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes an intervention 'realistic and individualized'?

    <p>It must be within the patients capabilities, resources, and nurse’s skillset. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the 'gold standard' for interventions?

    <p>Interventions that are based on an evidence based protocol. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient is admitted to the hospital following a cultural and social assessment, what should the nurse inform the patient about?

    <p>When and how often the nurse will meet with them. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these correctly describes the structure of a problem focused diagnosis?

    <p>Problem + probable cause + supporting data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text state regarding the use of rating scales in psychiatric settings?

    <p>Experienced clinicians use these tools as a guide when planning care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Dr. Vera Fry contribute to the field of nursing?

    <p>She coined the term 'nursing diagnosis'. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'supporting data' include?

    <p>Signs and symptoms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does NANDA International do?

    <p>It develops a taxonomy of nursing diagnoses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an international classification system like ICNP impact healthcare?

    <p>It supports eHealth and statistical reporting, enabling multidisciplinary communication. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary value of using prior medical records for patient assessment?

    <p>It offers information about the patient's previous level of functioning. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text say about the standardization of nursing diagnoses?

    <p>Standardization is useful for selecting accurate interventions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of evidence-based practice (EBP) for nurses?

    <p>Combining clinical skills with the use of clinically relevant research for patient care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization's standards are consistent with the evidence-based approach to care?

    <p>Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided text, which of the following is a key responsibility of a psychiatric-mental health registered nurse?

    <p>Implementing the identified care plan. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of community resources in the implementation of care by a psychiatric–mental health registered nurse?

    <p>They are an important aspect of the care plan, making sure all patient needs are met. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the scope of practice of a registered nurse (RN) and a psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurse (PMH-APRN)?

    <p>PMH-APRNs are educated at the master's or doctoral level and can perform advanced interventions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines the role of the psychiatric-mental health nurse in coordinating care?

    <p>Communicating the patient's status, needs and goals to the interprofessional team and advocating for families. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of health teaching and health promotion by psychiatric-mental health nurses?

    <p>To promote a safe environment through education on coping skills. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When administering medications, what should a psychiatric-mental health nurse do?

    <p>Be knowledgeable about current research findings, intended actions, safe blood levels, and monitor for adverse reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of milieu therapy in psychiatric-mental health nursing?

    <p>To provide a secure and supporting environment that used naturally occurring events as learning opportunities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key aspect of milieu management?

    <p>Providing culturally sensitive care and utilizing a least restrictive environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core principle behind the therapeutic relationship and counseling provided by psychiatric-mental health nurses?

    <p>To serve as a constant present and be a sounding board for the patient. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of therapeutic counseling, how do psychiatric-mental health nurses assist patients?

    <p>By recognizing healthy coping methods and identifying unhealthy behaviors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the therapeutic relationship between a psychiatric-mental health nurse and patient?

    <p>Being a sounding board for a patient and reinforcing healthy behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of documentation in the coordination of care by the psychiatric-mental health registered nurse?

    <p>It is an essential aspect to ensure a smooth care process and patient safety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention category is specific to psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurses (PMH-APRNs)?

    <p>Psychotherapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of a psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurse's consultation?

    <p>Promoting change and supporting other clinicians in delivering services (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a foundational element for the work of nurse consultants?

    <p>Personal biases and experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for a psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurse's prescriptive authority?

    <p>Evidence-based treatments and legal regulations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of standardized tools in psychotherapy provided by a PMH-APRN?

    <p>To evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should guide the evaluation of a patient's response to treatment by a psychiatric-mental health nurse?

    <p>Systematic, ongoing, and criteria-based analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to document patient information in a thorough and organized manner?

    <p>Because medical records are legal documents and can be used in legal settings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal when choosing a system for documentation?

    <p>Ensuring clear communication among the healthcare team and coordination of services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the use of the term ‘nonadherent’ when discussing a patient?

    <p>It is a more neutral term that encourages healthcare providers to examine barriers to treatment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main problem when patients fail to adhere to treatment, according to the content?

    <p>Whether the patient truly understood the instructions provided by the provider (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should an evaluation of patient outcomes be performed by a psychiatric-mental health nurse?

    <p>Systematically, ongoing, and based on specific criteria. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial element in supporting healthcare workers in the event of a malpractice lawsuit regarding patient care?

    <p>Meticulous documentation of interventions, explanations, patient's understanding and patient responses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a psychiatric–mental health advanced practice registered nurse when using prescriptive authority?

    <p>To prescribe medication based on evidence-based treatments, clinical symptoms and test results, in collaboration with the patient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a purpose of documentation?

    <p>Hiding errors made by healthcare providers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the use of electronic medical records (EMR) in healthcare settings?

    <p>EMRs are now the preferred format in both inpatient and outpatient settings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential when documenting patient progress?

    <p>Documentation should be focused, organized, pertinent, and follow legal and accepted principles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does regression in children with psychiatric disorders typically manifest as?

    <p>A return to earlier stages of behavior or development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the assessment of children, what is a key reason for observing children at play?

    <p>To gather insights into their thoughts and emotional experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing adolescent patients, what is a primary concern that nurses must navigate in regard to their care?

    <p>Balancing confidentiality with the legal rights of parents. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios would necessitate sharing an adolescent's information with other professionals and parents?

    <p>The adolescent expressing suicidal thoughts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial aspect to consider when assessing older adults?

    <p>Recognizing the variability in physical and mental function among older adults. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should a nurse immediately adjust communication to best assist an older adult with hearing challenges?

    <p>Speaking slowly, clearly and in a lower-pitched tone, while not invading personal space. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue when using untrained interpreters such as family members?

    <p>They may censor, omit, or subjectively interpret content. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between an interpreter and translator, in the context of healthcare?

    <p>Interpreters translate spoken language, and translators translate the written word. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the psychiatric–mental health nursing assessment?

    <p>Establishing rapport with the patient. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the psychiatric-mental health nursing assessment?

    <p>Identifying the patient's preferred leisure activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a review of systems refer to within the psychiatric assessment context?

    <p>Exploring the interconnectedness of physical and mental-emotional well-being. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the material, what is a structured interview technique used when assessing adolescents?

    <p>The HEADSSS Interview. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a behavior that puts the patient or others at risk, and should be shared with professionals and parents?

    <p>An adolescent who exhibits homicidal ideation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial aspect of language assistance that healthcare providers receiving federal funding are required to provide?

    <p>To provide access to interpreters and translators at no charge for limited English proficient patients. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nursing Process Overview

    • Nursing process first described by Lydia Hall in 1983, outlining a three-step process: observation, care delivery, and validation.
    • Later theorists like Dorothy Johnson (1959) and Ida Orlando (1961) adopted the term.
    • The American Nurses Association (ANA) advocated for nursing process integration into education in a 1965 position paper.
    • Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals required nursing process in 1970s for accreditation.
    • Steps evolved, with Yura and Walsh identifying assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating in 1967.
    • ANA's 1973 Standard for Nursing Practice included nursing diagnosis and, later, outcome identification as separate steps.
    • The nursing process (assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation) supports culturally competent, developmentally appropriate care for individuals/families/communities.
    • Psychiatric-mental health nurses use the nursing process to guide patient care, based on scientific evidence.
    • The standards of practice in Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing emphasize what psychiatric nurses do (scope of practice).

    Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Assessment

    • Purpose: Establish rapport, understand chief complaint, assess physical status, identify risk factors, conduct mental status exam, assess psychosocial status, identify mutual goals, and create a plan of care.
    • Data Collection: Nurses gather primary data (patient) and secondary data (family, friends, records).
    • Formats: Standardized nursing assessment forms (paper/electronic) aid consistency.
    • Importance of Documentation: HIPAA guidelines ensure patient privacy while allowing providers to access necessary information for quality care.
    • Age Considerations:
    • Children: Include caregiver input; interpret responses; consider developmental regressions.
    • Adolescents: Address confidentiality concerns, involve families, and use structured interviews like HEADSSS.
    • Older Adults: Avoid stereotypes; assess physical limitations.
    • Language Barriers: Use interpreters (staffed/telephone); avoid untrained interpreters or family members as interpreters.
    • Review of Systems: Physical assessments may be vital to rule out underlying physical conditions affecting psychiatric symptoms
    • Gathering data: Include a review of systems, laboratory data, mental status exam, psychosocial assessment, and spiritual/religious assessment.
    • Mental Status Exam (MSE): An objective evaluation of the patient's cognitive function. Include observed behavior, nonverbal communication, appearance, speech patterns, mood, affect, thought content, perceptions, cognitive ability, and insight and judgment.
    • Psychosocial Assessment: Includes gathering subjective data from the patient and accompanying individuals to understand the patient's current circumstances and personal history (coping, support systems, etc.)

    Spiritual/Religious Assessment

    • Spirituality vs. religion: Distinguish between the internal search for meaning and external religious structures.
    • Assessment includes questions about religious affiliation, spiritual practices, the role of faith, its impact on stress, and personal needs for spiritual support in treatment.

    Cultural and Social Assessment

    • Importance: Understanding patient's cultural beliefs and practices to avoid stereotypes and ensure effective care.
    • Assessment Questions: Language, cultural background, family dynamics, healthcare preferences and behaviors, cultural views on mental illness, special foods/practices, cultural beliefs about patient's illness.
    • Validation: Summarize data and review with the patient to ensure clarity and comprehension.

    Validating the Assessment

    • External Sources: Use electronic medical records, emergency department records, police reports, and prior medical records to validate or update information.
    • Rating Scales: Standardized rating scales assist clinicians in evaluation and monitoring.

    Standards of Practice (Diagnosis, Outcomes ID, Planning, Implementation)

    • Nursing diagnoses are clinical judgments about patient responses to problems.
    • Types include problem-focused and risk diagnoses.
    • Outcomes reflect desired changes in patient status.
    • Outcomes and goals are written in positive terms.
    • Planning considers Maslow's hierarchy of needs and prioritizes interventions.
    • Principles for interventions include safety, appropriateness, reality, individualization, and evidence-base.
    • Implementation focuses on therapeutic intervention skills, using evidence-based methods, community resources, and collaboration; interventions are age-appropriate and culturally/ethnically sensitive.

    Evaluation and Documentation

    • Evaluation systematically assesses patient response to treatment. Use supporting data.
    • Documentation is crucial: includes patient progress, and consent for treatments and medications, reaction to medication, symptoms, concerns, adverse incidents.
    • Informatics and electronic medical records are preferred.
    • Avoid judgmental terms like "noncompliant" and focus on "non-adherence" instead.

    Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN)

    • Institute of Medicine (IOM) competencies (patient-centered care, interdisciplinary teamwork, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, informatics).
    • QSEN adapted the IOM's competencies, adding safety as a distinct competency.
    • QSEN competencies are integrated into nursing education.

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    Test your knowledge on the nursing process, its origins, and its importance in psychiatric-mental health nursing. This quiz covers historical milestones, standards of practice, and essential skills required for healthcare workers in the 21st century. Challenge yourself and deepen your understanding of nursing practices.

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