Nursing Process and Canadian Drug Regulations
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Questions and Answers

What are the five steps of the nursing process?

  • Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (correct)
  • Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation
  • Assessment, Planning, Nursing Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
  • Nursing Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

    • The Canadian Food and Drug Act regulates cosmetics, medical devices, and pharmaceuticals.

    True

    Which Act replaced the Narcotic Control Act?

  • Natural Health Products Regulations
  • Cannabis Act
  • Marihuana for Medical Purposes Regulations
  • Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (correct)

    • The Natural Health Products Regulations require the same level of scientific evidence for herbal remedies as conventional drugs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following drug regulations with their primary focus:

    <p>Canadian Food and Drug Act = Ensures safety, efficacy, and quality standards for food, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices. Controlled Drugs and Substances Act = Regulates narcotics and controlled substances to protect public health. Natural Health Products Regulations = Focuses on safety of natural health products, including vitamins, minerals, and herbal remedies. Marihuana for Medical Purposes Regulations = Regulates medical cannabis use. Cannabis Act = Legalizes recreational cannabis use and addresses medical cannabis use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Drug Approval Process in Canada involves three clinical phases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of preclinical testing in drug development?

    <p>To assess the safety, biological activity, and potential toxicity of a drug candidate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of Phase II clinical trials?

    <p>Determine the optimal dosage and identify potential side effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phase IV (Postmarketing Studies) are conducted before a drug is approved and marketed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Drug Identification Number (DIN) in Canada?

    <p>It identifies drugs that have been approved by Health Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Special Access Programme allows patients to access drugs that have not been approved by Health Canada in specific situations.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern regarding the widespread use of natural health products in Canada?

    <p>Potential risks associated with these products due to limited safety data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural Health Products Regulations allow manufacturers to claim that their products can cure diseases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of potential risks associated with natural health products?

    <p>Both A and B are correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term "natural" guarantees the safety and effectiveness of a product.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key property of an ideal drug?

    <p>Cost-effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A perfect drug with all ideal properties always exists.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of a drug's selectivity?

    <p>Precise targeting of specific cells or tissues involved in the disease, minimizing off-target effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reversible action refers to the drug's ability to produce long-lasting effects.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does predictability contribute to informed decision-making in medication therapy?

    <p>Predictability provides consistent and reliable responses in patients, enabling informed decisions about dosage and treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key benefits of a low-cost drug?

    <p>Improved accessibility and affordability for patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Minimal drug interactions are essential to prevent unexpected side effects and maintain the effectiveness of a medication.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is ease of administration a critical factor in medication therapy?

    <p>It promotes patient compliance through convenient dosage forms and routes, leading to improved treatment outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the nursing process?

    <p>To ensure the delivery of individualized, quality nursing care to patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nursing process is a static framework that does not require adaptability.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the nursing process contribute to patient safety?

    <p>It ensures individualized care, promotes informed decisions about drug administration, and guides nurses in making safe choices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    High drug costs are a significant barrier to access for all Canadians.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Canadian drug regulatory system contribute to the overall health of Canadians?

    <p>It protects Canadians by ensuring safe and effective medications, while maintaining high pharmaceutical standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects of drug development are NOT considered under "Additional Considerations"?

    <p>Clinical trial results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The "importance" of an ideal drug is solely focused on the benefits for healthcare professionals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the nursing process support patient-centered care?

    <p>It considers patient safety, convenience, and access to treatment, aligning care with the individual needs and preferences of the patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nursing Process

    • The nursing process is a systematic framework for providing quality patient care.
    • It's a research-based, individualized process.
    • Five steps include: assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
    • Assessment involves gathering patient data, including medication history, health history, lifestyle factors and relevant information.
    • Nursing diagnosis identifies the patient's health problems.
    • Planning sets goals and criteria for patient care.
    • Implementation involves carrying out the care plan, including patient education.
    • Evaluation assesses the effectiveness of the care plan and makes necessary adjustments.

    Canadian Drug Regulations

    • Canadian Food and Drug Act governs foods, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices.
    • It ensures safety, efficacy, and quality standards.
    • Schedules exist for controlled substances.
    • Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA) controls regulated narcotics and substances.
    • Replaced the Narcotic Control Act and is enforced by the RCMP.
    • Natural Health Products Regulations regulate natural health products (like vitamins, minerals and herbal remedies), focusing on safety and preventing false claims.
    • There is a lower bar for scientific evidence compared to conventional drugs.
    • Marihuana for Medical Purposes Regulations regulate medical cannabis.
    • Cannabis Act and Cannabis Regulations legalize recreational cannabis use and regulates medical cannabis. Health Canada regulates producers of medical cannabis.

    Drug Approval Process

    • A rigorous process that includes preclinical testing and four clinical phases (I-IV).
    • Preclinical testing assesses drug safety, biological activity and potential toxicity using laboratory and animal studies.
    • Clinical trials (I-IV phases) oversee drug development and safety testing in human subjects and are overseen by Health Canada.
    • Phase I studies involve a small number of healthy participants to assess safety and determine optimal dosage.
    • Phase II tests the drug in a larger group of patients with the target disease, and focuses on assessing safety and efficacy and pinpointing side effects.
    • Phase III studies test the drug in a larger population to confirm efficacy and compare it to existing treatments, monitoring long-term side effects.
    • Phase IV post-marketing studies ongoing, after market release, collecting long-term safety and efficacy data and exploring new uses.

    Herbal Products in Canada

    • Natural health products (NHPs), including herbal remedies, are popular but require caution due to potential risks and limited safety data.
    • Widespread use of NHPs exists.
    • Vitamins are the most common NHP.
    • NHPs are often perceived as natural and harmless, however, this is not always the case.
    • Natural Health Products Regulations (2003) focus on safety and prevent false claims.
    • Lower bar of scientific evidence compared to conventional drugs.
    • Labeling restrictions: Cannot claim to cure diseases.
    • Potential risks like allergic reactions, toxicity, drug interactions and adverse effects exist.
    • Examples of risks include toxicity, cardiovascular risks or heavy metals.
    • Recommendations include consulting healthcare providers and reporting adverse effects to the NHP Canada's Vigilance program.
    • The takeaway: "Natural" does not always equal "safe." Informed decision-making is important.

    Properties of an Ideal Drug

    • Ideal drugs possess effectiveness, safety, minimal drug interactions, low cost
    • Drug characteristics aim to maximize effectiveness, safety and patient-centered care.
    • These characteristics include selectivity (precise targeting), reversible action (effects subside predictably) and predictability (consistent and predictable response)
    • Additional considerations include low cost, minimal drug interactions, and ease of administration.

    Additional Considerations (Ideal Drug Properties)

    • Importance of selectivity and minimizing unintended effects.
    • Reversing action and ensuring short-term, reversible effects.
    • Predictability to enable informed and consistent outcomes.
    • Additional drug properties include minimal cost (affordable), minimal or no drug interactions and ease of administration for patient compliance. This also factors into ensuring treatment success.

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    Week 1 Pharm - Introduction to Pharmacology and Drug Regulations in Canada PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the essential aspects of the nursing process, a systematic approach to patient care that includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Additionally, it addresses the Canadian Drug Regulations, including the Food and Drug Act and the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, focusing on safety and efficacy standards.

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