Podcast
Questions and Answers
A nurse is caring for a patient with a chronic respiratory condition. Which intervention best demonstrates the application of evidence-based practice?
A nurse is caring for a patient with a chronic respiratory condition. Which intervention best demonstrates the application of evidence-based practice?
- Administering oxygen based on the physician's standing orders without further assessment.
- Following the hospital's outdated respiratory care protocol to ensure consistency.
- Relying on personal experience to adjust the patient's ventilator settings.
- Consulting the latest research guidelines to titrate oxygen levels based on the patient's SpO2 and clinical status. (correct)
A patient with a known penicillin allergy is prescribed amoxicillin. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
A patient with a known penicillin allergy is prescribed amoxicillin. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
- Documenting the allergy in the patient's chart and proceeding with the medication administration.
- Administering an antihistamine prophylactically to prevent an allergic reaction.
- Contacting the prescribing physician to clarify the order and discuss alternative medications. (correct)
- Administering the medication and monitoring the patient for any adverse reactions.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is refusing a prescribed medication. What is the most appropriate initial action?
A nurse is caring for a patient who is refusing a prescribed medication. What is the most appropriate initial action?
- Document the patient's refusal and notify the physician.
- Administer the medication against the patient's will to ensure compliance with the treatment plan.
- Explain the consequences of not taking the medication and attempt to persuade the patient.
- Explore the reasons for the patient's refusal and provide education about the medication. (correct)
Which nursing action best demonstrates advocacy for a patient?
Which nursing action best demonstrates advocacy for a patient?
A nurse is preparing to administer an IV push medication. What is the MOST important step to ensure patient safety?
A nurse is preparing to administer an IV push medication. What is the MOST important step to ensure patient safety?
A nurse is caring for a patient with a urinary catheter. Which intervention is MOST effective in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
A nurse is caring for a patient with a urinary catheter. Which intervention is MOST effective in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
During a mass casualty event, which patient should be prioritized for immediate treatment?
During a mass casualty event, which patient should be prioritized for immediate treatment?
A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection of heparin. Which site is MOST appropriate for this injection?
A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection of heparin. Which site is MOST appropriate for this injection?
A patient receiving intravenous fluids suddenly develops shortness of breath and crackles in the lungs. What is the nurse's FIRST action?
A patient receiving intravenous fluids suddenly develops shortness of breath and crackles in the lungs. What is the nurse's FIRST action?
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with heart failure. Which instruction is MOST important to prevent readmission?
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with heart failure. Which instruction is MOST important to prevent readmission?
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient via a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action is MOST important?
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient via a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action is MOST important?
A patient with Clostridium difficile infection is admitted to the medical unit. Which precaution is MOST important to prevent the spread of infection?
A patient with Clostridium difficile infection is admitted to the medical unit. Which precaution is MOST important to prevent the spread of infection?
During a fire emergency, what is the priority action using the mnemonic RACE?
During a fire emergency, what is the priority action using the mnemonic RACE?
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just been started on a new medication. What is the nurse's MOST important role related to medication administration?
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just been started on a new medication. What is the nurse's MOST important role related to medication administration?
A nurse discovers a small fire in a patient's room. After ensuring the patient's safety, what is the nurse's NEXT action?
A nurse discovers a small fire in a patient's room. After ensuring the patient's safety, what is the nurse's NEXT action?
Which action demonstrates a nurse's understanding of the ethical principle of autonomy?
Which action demonstrates a nurse's understanding of the ethical principle of autonomy?
A nurse is caring for a patient with a central venous catheter. What is the MOST important intervention to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs)?
A nurse is caring for a patient with a central venous catheter. What is the MOST important intervention to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs)?
A patient in the emergency department is showing signs of anaphylaxis following a bee sting. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer FIRST?
A patient in the emergency department is showing signs of anaphylaxis following a bee sting. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer FIRST?
A nurse is teaching a patient about the use of an incentive spirometer. What instruction is MOST important for the nurse to include?
A nurse is teaching a patient about the use of an incentive spirometer. What instruction is MOST important for the nurse to include?
A patient is being discharged home with a new prescription for warfarin (Coumadin). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A patient is being discharged home with a new prescription for warfarin (Coumadin). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
Flashcards
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)
Using research findings to guide clinical decisions and improve patient outcomes.
Nursing Process
Nursing Process
A systematic approach to patient care: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Autonomy
Autonomy
Respecting patients' rights to make their own decisions.
Beneficence
Beneficence
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Non-maleficence
Non-maleficence
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Justice
Justice
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Cultural Competence
Cultural Competence
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Rights of Medication Administration
Rights of Medication Administration
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Parenteral Routes
Parenteral Routes
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Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics
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Patient Assessment
Patient Assessment
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Nursing Diagnoses
Nursing Diagnoses
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Care Planning
Care Planning
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Standard Precautions
Standard Precautions
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Airborne Precautions
Airborne Precautions
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Droplet Precautions
Droplet Precautions
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Contact Precautions
Contact Precautions
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
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Triage
Triage
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Rapid Response Teams (RRTs)
Rapid Response Teams (RRTs)
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Study Notes
Nursing Practices
- Nursing practice involves various activities, including direct patient care, health education, and collaboration with other healthcare professionals.
- Evidence-based practice (EBP) is crucial, using research findings to guide clinical decision-making and improve patient outcomes.
- The nursing process (assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation) is a systematic approach to patient care.
- Ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice guide nurses' conduct.
- Cultural competence is essential for providing patient-centered care that respects individual beliefs and values.
- Health promotion and disease prevention are integral parts of nursing practice, emphasizing lifestyle modifications and vaccinations.
- Documentation should be accurate, timely, and comprehensive, reflecting the patient's condition and care provided.
- Nurses must maintain patient confidentiality and adhere to privacy regulations (e.g., HIPAA).
- Scope of practice defines the legal boundaries of nursing practice, varying by jurisdiction and individual qualifications.
Medication Administration
- Medication administration requires a thorough understanding of pharmacology.
- The "rights" of medication administration include right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time, and right documentation.
- Oral medications are available in various forms, such as tablets, capsules, and liquids.
- Parenteral routes include subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous administration.
- Intravenous (IV) medications require careful monitoring for adverse reactions and compatibility.
- Medication errors must be reported immediately, and corrective actions taken to prevent recurrence.
- Nurses should educate patients about their medications, including purpose, dosage, and potential side effects.
- Controlled substances require secure storage and accurate record-keeping to prevent misuse.
- Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) should be promptly recognized and managed.
- Knowledge of drug interactions is crucial to avoid harmful effects.
- Pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) influences drug action.
Patient Care Management
- Patient assessment involves collecting subjective and objective data to identify patient needs and problems.
- Nursing diagnoses are clinical judgments about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems.
- Care planning includes setting goals and selecting interventions to address identified needs.
- Prioritization of care is essential, focusing on the most urgent and life-threatening issues first.
- Implementation involves carrying out the planned interventions and documenting the patient's response.
- Evaluation assesses the effectiveness of interventions in achieving desired outcomes.
- Discharge planning begins upon admission and ensures a smooth transition to home or another care setting.
- Patient education empowers individuals to manage their health conditions effectively.
- Care coordination involves collaboration with multiple healthcare providers to optimize patient outcomes.
- Family involvement is essential in patient care, providing support and facilitating adherence to treatment plans.
- Resource management ensures efficient use of available resources to provide quality care.
Infection Control Procedures
- Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection.
- Standard precautions include wearing gloves, masks, and gowns when there is a risk of exposure to blood or body fluids.
- Transmission-based precautions (airborne, droplet, contact) are used for patients with specific infections.
- Airborne precautions require the use of N95 respirators and negative pressure rooms.
- Droplet precautions require masks when working within 3 feet of the patient.
- Contact precautions require gloves and gowns for all interactions with the patient or their environment.
- Proper disposal of sharps is essential to prevent needlestick injuries.
- Environmental cleaning and disinfection reduce the risk of infection transmission.
- Surveillance programs monitor the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).
- Sterilization and disinfection processes eliminate or reduce the number of microorganisms on medical equipment.
- Vaccination of healthcare workers protects them and their patients from preventable infections.
- Following aseptic techniques during procedures minimizes the risk of infection.
Emergency Response Protocols
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to restore circulation and breathing.
- Basic life support (BLS) includes CPR and first aid for choking.
- Advanced life support (ALS) involves the use of medications, defibrillation, and advanced airway management.
- Triage prioritizes patients based on the severity of their condition.
- Rapid response teams (RRTs) respond to deteriorating patients to prevent adverse events.
- Code blue is activated for patients experiencing cardiac or respiratory arrest.
- Disaster preparedness involves planning and training for mass casualty events.
- Incident command systems (ICS) provide a structured approach to managing emergencies.
- Fire safety includes knowing evacuation routes and using fire extinguishers.
- Hazardous material (HAZMAT) incidents require specialized training and equipment.
- Nurses should be familiar with emergency codes and protocols specific to their institution.
- Communication is critical during emergencies, ensuring timely and accurate information sharing.
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