Mid Term - Fundamentals of Nursing: Principles and Practice

According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), which of the following is a primary role of a nurse?

What is the fundamental principle behind evidence-based practice in nursing?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the 'Scope and Standards of Practice' in nursing?

A nurse demonstrates self-determination in their professional practice by:

During the assessment phase of the nursing process, a nurse:

The nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process involves:

What does the acronym 'SMART' stand for in the context of goal-setting during the planning phase of the nursing process?

In the implementation phase of the nursing process, which of the following actions would be considered a dependent nursing intervention?

During the evaluation phase of the nursing process, a nurse:

Standard precautions in infection control are:

A patient is diagnosed with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which transmission-based precaution should the nurse implement?

Which of the following infections requires airborne precautions?

What is the primary difference between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis?

Which of the following is a key intervention for preventing falls in a hospital setting?

When are restraints appropriate for use on a patient?

What does the acronym 'RACE' stand for in the context of fire safety?

What is the normal range for an adult's oral temperature in Celsius?

A patient's heart rate is measured at 110 bpm. How should a nurse interpret this finding?

The term orthostatic hypotension refers to:

When assessing a patient's pain, which of the following characteristics should the nurse evaluate?

A nurse observes labored breathing, nasal flaring, and use of accessory muscles in a patient. These are signs of:

Which of the following would be considered subjective data when assessing a patient?

What finding would be considered objective data?

A nurse is caring for a patient with a wound infection. Which intervention is most appropriate to prevent the spread of infection?

A patient reports a pain level of 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. This is an example of:

What would be an appropriate intervention to promote patient safety for a patient who is at risk for falls?

Which action should a nurse prioritize during a fire emergency following the 'RACE' protocol?

A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. Which technique is crucial to prevent infection?

A patient has a respiratory rate of 25 breaths per minute. How should this be interpreted?

To prevent the spread of infection, when is it appropriate for a nurse to use an alcohol-based hand rub instead of washing hands with soap and water?

What is the primary purpose of a nurse advocating for a patient?

Which of the following best describes the role of the Nurse Practice Act?

The nurse is caring for a client with active tuberculosis. Which of the following nursing interventions is most important?

A client recovering from surgery has a nursing diagnosis of 'Impaired Skin Integrity related to surgical incision.' Which of the following would be a SMART goal for this client?

A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection. Which of the following actions demonstrates proper technique to prevent infection?

A nurse assesses a client and finds the following: heart rate 52 bpm, respiratory rate 10 breaths/min, and blood pressure 90/50 mmHg. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?

Which nursing action best exemplifies the principle of respecting a client’s autonomy?

A client with a history of falls is being admitted to a medical unit. Which of the following nursing interventions is most important to implement initially?

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed droplet precautions. Which of the following personal protective equipment (PPE) is required when providing direct care?

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient. Which action demonstrates the most comprehensive understanding of the American Nurses Association's (ANA) definition of nursing?

A clinical nurse is seeking to improve patient outcomes using evidence-based practice. What initial step should the nurse take to effectively implement this approach?

A nurse identifies a patient problem during the diagnosis phase of the nursing process. Which action demonstrates the most appropriate application of this phase?

When planning care for a patient with a chronic condition, a nurse sets a goal: “The patient will ambulate independently by the end of the week.” Why might this not be considered a 'SMART' goal?

A patient with a surgical wound develops an infection despite the use of standard precautions. What additional measure would be most effective in preventing the spread of this infection?

A nurse is caring for a patient who is at high risk for falls. Beyond ensuring the bed is in the lowest position and the call light is within reach, what additional intervention would be most effective?

During a fire in a healthcare facility, a nurse encounters a confused patient in their room. Following the 'RACE' protocol, what action should the nurse prioritize first?

A nurse assesses a patient and obtains the following vital signs: temperature 38.5°C, heart rate 110 bpm, respiratory rate 22 breaths/min, and blood pressure 100/60 mmHg. Which vital sign requires the most immediate attention?

When providing hygiene care for a patient, a nurse notes a small area of redness on the patient's sacrum. Which action should the nurse take first?

A patient expresses concern about an upcoming surgery and requests that their family be informed of all decisions. How should the nurse best demonstrate patient advocacy in this situation?

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who is hospitalized. Applying Piaget's theory, what activity would be most appropriate for this child's cognitive stage?

A nurse is prioritizing care for multiple patients. According to Maslow's Hierarchy, which patient need should the nurse address first?

An adolescent is struggling with their identity and future goals. According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, in which stage is this patient?

A nurse observes a child consistently making choices to avoid punishment. According to Kohlberg's theory, which stage of moral development is the child demonstrating?

A 9-year-old child is having difficulty in school and feels inadequate compared to their peers. According to Erikson's theory, which psychosocial crisis is the child experiencing?

A nurse is planning care for a patient who is focused on achieving their full potential and personal growth. According to Maslow's Hierarchy, which need is this patient striving to fulfill?

A teenager is actively exploring different social groups, beliefs, and values to establish a sense of self. Which of Erikson’s psychosocial stages align with this behavior?

A nurse explains to a child that even though a cookie is broken into smaller pieces, it's still the same amount of cookie. According to Piaget's theory, which cognitive concept has the child developed?

A middle-aged adult is volunteering in their community and mentoring young people. According to Erikson's theory, which psychosocial stage is this individual demonstrating?

A nurse is caring for a toddler who becomes distressed when a toy is hidden from view, even though the toddler saw where it was placed. According to Piaget's theory, what concept is the toddler still developing?

A person makes a moral decision based on internalized principles of justice, even if it means going against societal norms. According to Kohlberg, which stage of moral development is this?

When providing care, a nurse focuses on the patient's need for shelter, food, and water before addressing other concerns. Which of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is the nurse prioritizing?

An elderly patient reflects on their life with a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, what stage is this patient experiencing?

A 5-year-old firmly believes that their stuffed animal is alive and has feelings. According to Piaget’s theory, what is this belief an example of?

A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing a crisis related to feeling unproductive and lacking purpose in their career after 50 years of age. According to Erikson, which stage is the patient struggling with?

A child understands that a tall glass and a short, wide glass can hold the same amount of liquid, even though they look different. According to Piaget, which cognitive concept is demonstrated?

A young adult is struggling to form meaningful relationships and feels isolated from others. According to Erikson's theory, which psychosocial crisis is the individual experiencing?

A patient is primarily motivated to make decisions based on how those decisions will impact their relationships with others and whether they will gain approval. According to Kohlberg, which stage of moral development is this patient demonstrating?

A 2-year-old enjoys exploring the world by touching, tasting, and moving around. According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development is this child in?

A nurse is helping a patient set goals to meet their needs according to Maslow's hierarchy. Which goal aligns with meeting self-esteem needs?

A male patient's lab results show a hemoglobin level of 12.8 g/dL. Which action should the nurse take first?

A female patient's hematocrit level is 30%. Considering the normal range, what condition is most likely indicated?

A patient's white blood cell count is reported as 15.0 x 10^9/L. Which condition most likely correlates with this result?

A patient's platelet count is 100 x 10^9/L. Which of the following nursing interventions is most important to implement?

A patient's sodium level is 120 mEq/L. What assessment finding would the nurse most likely observe?

A patient's potassium level is 6.0 mEq/L. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A patient's calcium level is 7.0 mg/dL. Which of the following findings would the nurse most likely assess?

A patient's magnesium level is 1.5 mg/dL. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?

A patient with diabetes has a glucose level of 60 mg/dL. What is the priority nursing action?

A patient's BUN level is 35 mg/dL and creatinine is 1.5 mg/dL. What condition do these values suggest?

A patient's albumin level is 2.8 g/dL. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse most likely observe?

A patient's AST level is 50 IU/L and ALT is 60 IU/L. What organ dysfunction do these laboratory values suggest?

A patient's ALP is 150 IU/L. Which follow-up action is most appropriate for the nurse to anticipate?

A patient's bilirubin level is 2.5 mg/dL. What physical assessment finding would the nurse correlate with this lab value?

A patient's potassium level is 3.0 mEq/L. What is the most important assessment for the nurse to perform?

A patient's laboratory results show a sodium level of 150 mEq/L. What nursing intervention is most appropriate for this patient?

A patient's creatinine level is 2.0 mg/dL. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?

A patient's ALT level is 90 IU/L. What assessment question is most important for the nurse to ask the patient?

A patient has a WBC count of 3.0 x 10^9/L. What nursing intervention is most important to include in the patient's plan of care?

A patient has a platelet count of 75 x 10^9/L. What is the most appropriate recommendation to teach the patient upon discharge?

A patient reports difficulty distinguishing between different smells after a head injury. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

During a neurological examination, a doctor assesses a patient's ability to shrug their shoulders against resistance. Which cranial nerve is being tested?

A patient presents with paralysis on one side of their face and reports a loss of taste sensation. Which cranial nerve is most likely involved?

A patient is unable to move their eyes to look laterally. Which cranial nerve is likely impaired?

A patient reports experiencing vertigo and hearing loss. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

During a physical exam, a patient is asked to stick out their tongue, and the nurse observes that it deviates to one side. Which cranial nerve is likely affected?

A patient is diagnosed with a condition affecting their ability to taste and swallow. Which cranial nerve is likely involved?

A patient has difficulty constricting their pupil in response to bright light. Which cranial nerve is likely affected?

A patient is experiencing intense facial pain and tics. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

During an eye exam, it's discovered that a patient has difficulty moving their eye downward and inward. Which cranial nerve is potentially damaged?

A patient presents with a hoarse voice and difficulty swallowing. Which cranial nerve is likely affected?

A patient's vision is assessed, and it's noted that they have difficulty seeing. Which cranial nerve is being evaluated?

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for regulating heart rhythm and innervating the smooth muscles in the lungs and gastrointestinal tract?

Which cranial nerve provides motor function to the stylopharyngeus muscle, allowing the throat to shorten and widen during swallowing?

Which cranial nerve is tested when assessing a patient's ability to clench their teeth?

A patient reports a loss of sensation in the upper teeth and lower eyelid. Which part of the trigeminal nerve is likely affected?

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting information related to balance?

A patient is undergoing vagus nerve stimulation therapy. Which condition is least likely to be treated with this therapy?

Which cranial nerve helps the lens of the eye adjust to short-range and long-range vision?

Which of the following statements accurately describes how olfactory information is transmitted to the brain?