Nursing Practice Laws and Ethics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following laws is NOT a federal law guiding nursing practice?

  • Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)
  • Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH)
  • Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
  • Good Samaritan laws (correct)

What is the primary purpose of Nurse Practice Acts?

  • To regulate the use of electronic health records
  • To define the scope of practice for nurses in a state (correct)
  • To provide insurance for nurses who make medical errors
  • To ensure all nurses have equal wages and benefits

Which of the following actions is typically performed by a state board of nursing?

  • Determining the funding allocation for medical research projects
  • Developing new medical technologies for use in hospitals
  • Creating national policies related to healthcare access
  • Approving nursing education programs within the state (correct)

The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) is a federal law that primarily addresses which issue?

<p>Ensuring patients' right to make decisions about their own healthcare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal term for a professional failing to act in a reasonable and prudent manner, potentially leading to harm?

<p>Malpractice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nursing practice as outlined in the content?

<p>Nurses prioritize patient autonomy over all other considerations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a core competency of the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)?

<p>Financial Management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which professional organization is responsible for establishing and maintaining a universal standard of nursing education?

<p>National League for Nursing (NLN) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nursing as a profession?

<p>Nursing involves performing tasks and providing a service in exchange for payment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the nursing profession is characterized by the use of theory and practice to guide ethical care?

<p>Nursing as a discipline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Safe Effective Nursing Care (SENC) initiative?

<p>Providing goal-directed patient care and achieving optimal outcomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key component of the nursing profession as a discipline?

<p>Developing and implementing policies for healthcare institutions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which professional organization is responsible for advocating for the interests of registered nurses at the national level?

<p>American Nurses Association (ANA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a tertiary level of healthcare?

<p>Long-term rehabilitation and end-of-life care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major hazard associated with the home environment?

<p>Poisoning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to check before administering any medication or performing a procedure?

<p>The patient's allergies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following health professionals is NOT typically part of an interprofessional healthcare team?

<p>Librarians (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What response might indicate a serious allergic reaction?

<p>Swelling of the throat and anaphylaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hazards are present in the healthcare environment?

<p>Equipment related accidents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a 'Never Event' in healthcare?

<p>Administering the wrong blood type (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause of 'Never Events' in healthcare?

<p>Inadequate staffing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the hand is primarily used for tactile discrimination during palpation?

<p>Fingertips (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which order should the components of a head-to-toe assessment be performed?

<p>Inspect, auscultate, palpate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a tool that enhances the inspection process?

<p>Penlight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the FDA regarding medications?

<p>To regulate and ensure the safety and effectiveness of medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes controlled substances compared to uncontrolled substances?

<p>Carry a risk for misuse and dependence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body does the neurological component of the head-to-toe assessment focus on?

<p>Brain and reflexes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step when conducting a focused assessment at the bedside?

<p>Include heart, lungs, and abdomen assessment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of auscultation involves listening without an instrument?

<p>Direct auscultation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of critical thinking in nursing?

<p>To recognize and challenge assumptions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of data is derived from what the patient reports during an assessment?

<p>Primary data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does NANDA-I define as a nursing diagnosis?

<p>A clinical judgment about health responses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When planning care, goals should primarily be based on which of the following?

<p>Nursing Diagnoses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding collaborative problems in nursing?

<p>They become medical diagnoses when actualized (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which way does informatics contribute to nursing practice?

<p>It facilitates evidence-based decision making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a variable that can affect the effectiveness of an intervention?

<p>Patient demographic information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is involving the patient in setting goals important?

<p>It improves compliance and motivation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of subjective data in a nursing assessment?

<p>Patient reports feeling anxious (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing diagnosis indicate a response to a physical health problem?

<p>Impaired gas exchange (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which schedule of controlled substances includes drugs with no current medical use and a high abuse potential?

<p>Schedule I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of medication reconciliation?

<p>To create a complete list of a patient's medications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect the absorption of a drug?

<p>Patient's cognitive ability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the blood-brain barrier affect drug distribution?

<p>It restricts the passage of most substances into the brain. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most likely to lead to toxic drug levels during metabolism?

<p>Poor liver function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the steps in the medication reconciliation process?

<p>Generate lists, develop treatment plan, compare lists, make decisions, communicate changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenteral route allows for instant absorption of medications?

<p>Intravenous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of pharmacokinetics describes the chemical conversion of a drug into an inactive form?

<p>Metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the 'Six Rights of Med Administration'?

<p>Right drug, right patient, right time, right route, right documentation, right reason (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Individualized Nursing Practice

Nursing practice tailored to meet unique patient needs.

Nursing Care Coordination

Partnerships established by nurses to coordinate patient care.

Central Role of Caring

Caring as the foundation of Registered Nurse practice.

Nursing Process

Systematic approach used by Registered Nurses for patient care.

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Professional Work Environment

Impact of work settings on nurses’ ability to deliver quality care.

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QSEN Competencies

Skills aimed at improving nursing education and practice quality.

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Nursing as a Profession

Field based on technical knowledge, ethics, and community evaluation.

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Discipline of Nursing

Self-governed practice focusing on ethical care with theory and skills mastery.

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HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, protects patient information.

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Mandatory Reporting

Laws requiring certain professionals to report suspected abuse or communicable diseases.

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State Nurse Practice Acts

Laws governing nursing practice, licensing, and discipline in each state.

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Malpractice

Legal liability when a professional fails to act reasonably or prudently.

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Good Samaritan Laws

Laws that protect individuals providing aid in emergencies from legal liability.

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Interprofessional Healthcare Team

A group of professionals collaborating in patient care, including doctors, nurses, and therapists.

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Safety Hazards in Home

Potential dangers in the home environment like poisoning and burns.

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Communication Issues

Challenges in conveying or comprehending information, impactful in patient care.

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Mobility Risks

Factors that increase the risk of falls and injuries in patients.

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Allergy Reactions

Immune responses to typically harmless substances, ranging from mild to severe.

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Infection Spread Links

The six links in the chain of infection showing how diseases spread.

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Infection Control

Methods used to prevent the spread of infectious diseases in healthcare settings.

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Dangers in Healthcare Setting

Serious reportable events or 'never events' in healthcare, like wrong blood transfusions.

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Palpation

Use of touch to gather assessment data during a physical examination.

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Inspection

Use of sight to gather data during the physical examination.

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Auscultation

Use of hearing to collect assessment data, either directly or with a stethoscope.

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Head-to-Toe Assessment

A comprehensive examination covering multiple body systems including HEENT and circulatory.

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Controlled Substances

Medications that have a risk of misuse and dependence, categorized into schedules I-V.

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Uncontrolled Substances

Medications monitored for safety but with little risk of misuse, like antibiotics.

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Focused Assessment

Evaluation targeting a specific area of concern in a patient.

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Palpation Techniques

Methods include light pressure, deep palpation, and specific hand parts for different assessments.

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Schedule I Drugs

No accepted medical use and high abuse potential; includes heroin and LSD.

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Schedule II Drugs

High abuse potential but some medical use; includes oxycodone and morphine.

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Medication Reconciliation

Process of creating an accurate list of patient medications to avoid errors.

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Absorption

Movement of a drug from administration site to bloodstream; rate affects availability.

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Pharmacokinetics

Study of how drugs move through the body; includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

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Excretion

Elimination of drugs from the body, can be complete or partial.

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Six Rights of Medication Administration

Ensures safe medication delivery: right drug, dose, time, route, patient, documentation.

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Pharmacodynamics

Study of how drugs impact the body, including primary and secondary effects.

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Parenteral Medications

Drugs administered around the gut; includes intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous routes.

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Critical Thinking

A combination of reasoned thinking, openness to alternatives, reflection, and seeking truth.

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Assessment

The first step of the nursing process, involving systematic data collection and categorization.

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Subjective Data

Information reported by the patient about their experience and feelings.

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Objective Data

Observable or measurable facts about the patient’s conditions.

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Nursing Diagnosis

A clinical judgment about a patient's health problem based on their responses to health issues.

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Collaborative Problems

Physiological complications arising from diseases or treatments that require medical diagnosis once actual.

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Goals in Planning

Specific outcomes based on nursing diagnoses that involve patient participation.

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Evaluating Effectiveness

Assessment of how well interventions produce desired patient outcomes.

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Informatics in Nursing

Integration of technology to enhance evidence-based practice and improve patient care.

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Advantages of Technology

Benefits like increased efficiency, better communication, and reduced errors in nursing practice.

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Study Notes

Nursing Practice Characteristics

  • Nursing practice is individualized
  • Nurses coordinate care through partnerships
  • Caring is key to registered nurse practice
  • Registered nurses use the nursing process for care
  • A strong link exists between the work environment and the nurse's ability to provide care effectively

SENC (Safe Effective Nursing Care)

  • Patient care is goal-directed
  • Collaboration with interprofessional teams is provided
  • Evidence-based practice is validated and incorporated
  • Safe and quality client care is provided
  • Technological advances are embraced

Nursing as a Profession, Discipline, and Occupation

  • Nursing knowledge is based on technical and scientific knowledge
  • Peer evaluation is essential for competency
  • Service orientation is a key element
  • A code of ethics is necessary
  • Nursing is a scientifically based and self-governed profession
  • Theoretical knowledge and clinical mastery are needed
  • Nursing provides a service in exchange for payment

Professional Organizations

  • ANA (American Nursing Association): National professional organization
  • NLN (National League for Nursing): Establishes and maintains national standards for nursing education
  • ICN (International Council of Nurses): A federation of national nursing organizations

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)

  • Formed by nursing leaders in 2005 to improve the quality of nursing education
  • Six competencies
    • Patient-centered care
    • Teamwork and collaboration
    • Evidence-based practice
    • Quality improvement
    • Safety
    • Informatics

Federal Laws Guiding Nursing Practice

  • Bill of Rights
  • HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
  • Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act
  • HITECH (Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health)
  • Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA)
  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

State Laws Guiding Nursing Practice

  • Mandatory reporting laws (e.g., TB, Meningitis, Hep B)
  • Communicable diseases
  • Abuse
  • Good Samaritan laws
  • Nurse practice acts
    • Govern nursing practice
    • Protect public health, safety, and welfare
    • Define credentialing, licensing, and discipline
  • State boards of nursing approve programs

Malpractice and Torts

  • Malpractice involves failing to act reasonably
    • Four elements must be proven: duty, breach, causation, damages
  • Quasi-intentional torts
    • Defamation of character (slander, libel)
  • Intentional torts
    • Assault, battery, false imprisonment, invasion of privacy, fraud

Healthcare Delivery System

  • Acute care: Goal is to prevent deterioration and restore health (trauma, urgent care, short-term, prehospital)
  • Long-term support: Nonhospital settings (extended care, ambulatory centers, home health)

Interprofessional Healthcare Team

  • Physicians (MDs or DOs)
  • Advanced practice nurses (APNs)/nurse practitioners (NPs)
  • Physician assistants (PAs)
  • Registered nurses (RNs)/licensed practical nurses (LPNs)
  • Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs)
  • Pharmacists
  • Therapists (e.g., respiratory, physical)
  • Technologists (e.g., radiology, lab)

Patient Safety

  • Hospital goals (Joint Commission): identification of patients, safe use of medications and alarms, infection prevention, safety risks, equity improvements, prevent surgery mistakes
  • Developmental level, lifestyles, cognitive/sensory issues, communication, mobility are factors affecting patient safety
  • Hazards in patient environments (home, community, healthcare)

Infection Control

  • Stages of infection: incubation, prodromal, illness, decline, convalescence
  • Lines of defense (primary, secondary, tertiary)
  • Microorganisms that cause disease, sources, modes of transmission, susceptible hosts
  • Standard precautions and special situations
  • Six Links in the Spread of Infection (infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, means of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host)
    • Factors influencing infection transmission

Vital Signs

  • Temperature, pulse, respiration
  • Factors influencing vital sign readings

Variations in Assessment Findings

  • Hemoglobin, rate, depth of respiration, blood pressure
  • Factors influencing blood pressure readings

Physical Assessment

  • Establishing baseline data
  • Identifying nursing diagnoses, collaborative problems, or wellness diagnoses
  • Monitoring the status of an identified problem
  • Screening for health problems
  • Promoting client comfort (verbal, nonverbal communication, rapport, cultural differences, proper positioning)
  • Three major assessment skills (inspection, auscultation, palpation)

Pharmacological Considerations

  • Pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)
  • Pharmacodynamics (drug impacts on the body)

Medication Administration

  • Six rights of medication administration
  • Medication reconciliation process
  • Parenteral medication categories (intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous)

Charting

  • Problem-focused charting, SOAP, DAR, PIE
  • Charting guidelines (accurate, valid, complete, authenticated, time-stamped, legible)
  • Avoiding vague descriptions, using correct spelling, grammar, only approved abbreviations

Nursing Process

  • Assessment (collecting data)
  • Nursing diagnoses
  • Planning
  • Implementation (performing interventions)
  • Evaluation

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