Nursing Practice 1: Community Health Focus
48 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the ultimate goal in the Community Oriented Primary Care (COPAR) approach?

  • Enhanced community collaboration
  • Improved public health access
  • Increased healthcare funding
  • Self-reliance/self-dependence (correct)

Which option describes a characteristic of urban communities?

  • High population density (correct)
  • Primarily agricultural
  • Combination of rural and urban traits
  • Low economic activity

What is the appropriate temperature range for storing vaccines in the BODY compartment of a refrigerator?

  • 8 to 15°C
  • -2 to 2°C
  • 15 to 25°C
  • 2 to 8°C (correct)

Which type of biomedical waste is categorized as infectious?

<p>Yellow waste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vaccines is sensitive to light?

<p>BCG (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vaccines should NOT be stored in the freezer?

<p>Penta (A), BCG (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'green' classification in IMCI indicate for a sick child?

<p>Home treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Penta Vaccine?

<p>To prevent five diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which herbal plant is commonly used for treating high blood pressure (HTN)?

<p>Bawang (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of census allocation describes counting people according to their physical location at the time of enumeration?

<p>De facto (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'virulence' refer to in the context of infection?

<p>The strength of an infection causing agent to produce disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a susceptible host?

<p>An individual vulnerable to microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target age group for the IMCI strategy?

<p>Children below 5 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period in relation to infectious diseases?

<p>Time from exposure to when symptoms appear (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which waste category corresponds to discarded syringes and other sharp objects?

<p>Red waste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should AMV not be shaken before administration?

<p>It can impact the effectiveness of measles protection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a danger sign (DS) in IMCI?

<p>Skin rashes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which preparation method involves boiling for extracting plant properties?

<p>Decoction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vector is commonly associated with the transmission of diseases such as Dengue?

<p>Mosquitos (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which herbal plant is known for its antibacterial properties?

<p>Bayabas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a portal of entry for microorganisms into a susceptible host?

<p>Open wounds or mucous membranes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'asepsis' mean in the context of infection control?

<p>Absence of infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a child shows vomiting of everything, which IMCI classification should they automatically be referred to?

<p>Pink - Hospital Emergency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of vehicle-borne transmission?

<p>Water contaminated with pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of short course PTB multi-drug therapy?

<p>6 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cancer associated with HIV/AIDS?

<p>Kaposi's Sarcoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major cause of cervical cancer?

<p>HPV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism causes malaria, particularly the most fatal form?

<p>Plasmodium falciparum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is pathognomonic for AIDS?

<p>T4 cells below 200/dL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is caused by herpes simplex 2?

<p>Genital Herpes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the known pathognomonic sign for Typhoid Fever?

<p>Rose spot (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria retains the color of the crystal violet stain?

<p>Gram-positive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is NOT part of the PTB drugs regimen?

<p>Azithromycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is classified as a zoonosis?

<p>Rabies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the confirmed test for HIV/AIDS?

<p>Western blot (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'epidemic' refer to in disease patterns?

<p>A temporary increase in cases greater than expected in a specific area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements about aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is incorrect?

<p>All pathogens are anaerobic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlamydia is commonly identified as what type of disease among females?

<p>Venereal disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the 'reservoir' in the context of pathogens?

<p>The dwelling place of a pathogen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of diseases classified as sporadic?

<p>They happen occasionally with no specific pattern. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition would change a home treatment from GREEN to PINK?

<p>Fever with convulsion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for pneumonia according to IMCI guidelines?

<p>Amoxicillin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following illnesses requires a 3-day follow-up?

<p>Malaria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should NOT be given to a patient with dengue?

<p>Aspirin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is recommended for oral thrush?

<p>Nystatin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'chronic' refer to in terms of illness duration?

<p>Illness lasting more than 14 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for a cough in home care?

<p>Kalamansi juice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions does NOT require a 14-day follow-up?

<p>Ear infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Incubation Period

The time between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of signs and symptoms of the disease.

Virulence

The ability of an infectious agent to cause disease.

Infection

The presence of harmful microorganisms in the body.

Sepsis

The presence of infection in the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Asepsis

The absence of infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reservoir

The dwelling place of a pathogen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sterilization

The complete eradication of microorganisms.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Carrier

An individual who harbors an infectious agent without showing symptoms but can still spread it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Zoonosis

A disease that can be transmitted from animals to people.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Venereal Disease

A disease that is transmitted through sexual contact.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Aerobic

Requires oxygen to survive.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anaerobic

Does not require oxygen to survive.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pathognomonic Sign

A sign or symptom that is characteristic of a particular disease.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Prodromal Stage

The early stage of a disease before characteristic symptoms appear.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gram-Negative Bacteria

Bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain during Gram staining, and appear red/pink under the microscope.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gram-Positive Bacteria

Bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain during Gram staining, and appear purple/blue under the microscope.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Portal of Entry

The way a microorganism enters the body of a susceptible host. It can be the same as the portal of exit.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Community Health Services

Health care services provided in a community setting, focusing on prevention, health promotion, and early intervention. Examples include health education, screenings, and community outreach programs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Susceptible Host

A susceptible host is someone who is more likely to get sick from an infection. Their immune system is weaker.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tertiary Healthcare

A type of community healthcare focused on restoring well-being after a health event or injury. Examples include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Air-borne Transmission

A method of transmission where microorganisms are spread through the air.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urban Community

A type of community characterized by a high concentration of population and industrial activities, with a focus on manufacturing and commerce.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vehicle Transmission

A method of transmission where microorganisms are transmitted through contaminated objects or substances.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rural Community

A type of community characterized by a low population density and agriculture-based activities, with a focus on farming and rural livelihoods.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vector-borne Transmission

A method of transmission where microorganisms are spread by insects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rurban Community

A type of community that exhibits characteristics of both rural and urban areas, often due to urbanization trends extending into rural regions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illness)

A program that aims to improve the health of children under 5 years old by providing integrated management of childhood illnesses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

IMCI Color Classification

IMCI uses a color classification system to categorize the severity of a child's illness. Green indicates home treatment, Yellow indicates health center/outpatient treatment, and Pink indicates hospital (emergency/urgent referral).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Penta Vaccine

A vaccine that combines protection against five diseases: Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, and Haemophilus Influenzae Type B.

Signup and view all the flashcards

IMCI Danger Signs (DS)

These are critical signs that indicate a child needs immediate medical attention. They include vomiting everything, inability to breastfeed/drink, convulsions, and lethargy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Infectious Waste

A type of healthcare waste requiring special handling due to its potential to transmit infectious diseases. It includes items contaminated with blood, body fluids, and human tissues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

MMR Vaccine

A vaccine that protects against Measles, Mumps, and Rubella. It's critical to ensure the vaccine is not shaken excessively as this can reduce its effectiveness.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chickenpox

A highly contagious viral disease that spreads through respiratory droplets and causes a characteristic itchy rash, fever, and fatigue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

HPV (Human Papillomavirus)

A sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) that can lead to cervical cancer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dengue Fever

A bacterial infection that causes a severe, debilitating illness characterized by a high fever, headache, and muscle aches, followed by a rash that appears as tiny red spots.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diphtheria

A bacterial infection that can lead to a potentially life-threatening condition if left untreated, causing a painful, swollen throat, difficulty swallowing, and a gray membrane forming in the throat.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Measles

A contagious viral disease that causes a characteristic high fever, cough, runny nose, and a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tuberculosis (TB)

A bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the lungs, leading to symptoms like coughing, fever, chills, night sweats, and weight loss.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Meningococcemia

A bacterial infection that causes a severe, painful, and potentially life-threatening bacterial infection characterized by a high fever, headache, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Typhoid Fever

A bacterial infection that can lead to a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, and headache.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does "SEVERE" in IMCI indicate?

Any IMCI illness with a "SEVERE" classification requires immediate medical attention. Often, it indicates a critical condition that needs prompt intervention.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a 'GREEN' classification in IMCI?

IMCI illness classification that includes a variety of conditions that can be managed at home, such as coughs, colds, and fevers. However, if any danger signs (DS) or other signs of danger (ODS) are present, the classification changes to "PINK", indicating a need for referral.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is 'IMCI Treatment'?

A type of IMCI treatment for certain illnesses, such as pneumonia, dysentery, and cholera. It involves prescribing specific medications based on the diagnosed condition.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a common home treatment for coughs, colds, and fever?

A common home treatment for coughs, colds, and fever involving frequent breastfeeding.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a '3 DAYS F/up' in IMCI?

A type of IMCI follow-up where the child should return for a check-up after three days. This is recommended for illnesses like pneumonia, dysentery, malaria, and measles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a '14 DAYS F/up' in IMCI?

A type of IMCI follow-up where the child should return for a check-up after 14 days. This is recommended for illnesses like anemia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Differentiate between 'Acute' and 'Chronic' illness in IMCI.

An illness that lasts longer than 14 days is considered chronic. On the other hand, an illness that lasts less than 14 days is considered acute.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are 'IMCI Medications'?

A group of medications used for the treatment of various infections and conditions in children. They are prescribed based on the specific illness and its severity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Nursing Practice 1 (Part 2)

  • Created: January 13, 2025, 4:36 PM
  • Class: Competency Appraisal
  • Created by: Joliepers Finez
  • Last edited by: Joliepers Finez
  • Topics: Communicable Disease, Herbal Medicine, Community Health Nursing (CHN), Community Oriented Primary Care (COPAR), Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)

Community Health Nursing (CHN)

  • Focus: Total community and population
  • Purpose: Promote and protect population health using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences
  • Approach: Population-focused, community-oriented, aimed at health promotion, disease prevention, and reducing disability/premature death.

Public Health Nursing (PHN)

  • Focus: Public needs and families.

3 Ps of Public Health

  • Promote health: Enhancing wellbeing
  • Prevent disease: Stop illnesses
  • Prolong life: Extend lifespan

Records and Reports

  • Records: Forms documenting client information
  • Reports: Summaries of services, activities, or analyses of organizational work.

Local Health Board

  • Structure: Chairman (Mayor), Vice Chairman (Municipal Health Officer), Members (DOH)

Primary Health Care (PHC)

  • International Conference: Alma-Ata, USSR (Russia)
  • Declaration: World Health Organization (WHO)
  • Philippine Legal Basis: LOI #949

Vaccines

  • Penta Vaccine: Combination vaccine for diseases.
  • HBV (Hepatitis B vaccine): Prevent Hepatitis B
  • BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin): Prevent Tuberculosis
  • OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine): Prevent Polio
  • AMV (Anti Measles Vaccine): Prevent Measles
  • MMR (Mumps, Measles, Rubella): Prevent these diseases
  • Vaccine Preservation: Sensitive vaccines require specific storage.

Temperature Preservation

  • Body: 2-8 degrees Celsius
  • Freezer: 15-25 degrees Celsius

Herbal Remedies

  • Different common local herbs listed
  • Intended for specific ailments

Communicable Disease Notes

  • Infection: Microorganism invasion and multiplication (internal)
  • Infestation: Parasite invasion (external)
  • Virulence: Agent's ability to cause disease
  • Incubation Period: Time from infection to symptom onset.
  • Sepsis: Presence of infection
  • Asepsis: Absence of infection
  • Reservoir: The environment where pathogens live.
  • Carrier: Person/animal with infection, without symptoms.
  • Contact: Person/animal interacting with an infected individual/animal/vector
  • Venereal Disease: Sexually transmitted illness
  • Zoonoses: Diseases spread from animals to humans
  • Aerobic: Requires oxygen
  • Anaerobic: Does not require oxygen
  • Pathognomonic Signs: Specific signs/symptoms for a disease
  • Prodromal Stage?: Early symptoms before illness intensifies

Gram Staining

  • Gram-negative: Lose the crystal violet color(red)
  • Gram-positive: Retain the crystal violet color (purple)

Disease Classifications

  • Sporadic: Irregular, not in a pattern
  • Endemic: Present at a constant rate
  • Epidemic: Increased cases above expected rates in a region.
  • Pandemic: Global spread of disease
  • Causative Agents: Pathogens causing diseases

Common STDs or STIs in Females

  • Chlamydia: Often asymptomatic, can cause pelvic inflammatory disease.
  • Confirmatory test?: Specimen analysis (culture/blotting/microscopic check)
  • Tetanus, Meningitis, Poliomyelitis, Dengue, Malaria, Filariasis, Leprosy, Measles, etc.

Medical Medications

  • PTB drugs (TB) listed include Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
  • Malaria medications listed (chloroquine, etc.)
  • Important Note: Drug use should always be under the guidance of a medical professional.

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)

  • An approach for managing childhood illnesses.
  • Classifications: Categorizations of severity (Green: home care, Yellow: Healthcare, Pink: Hospital care)
  • Danger Signs (DS): Severe conditions that indicate urgent treatment

Additional Information

  • Specific information on diseases is included for diagnoses, symptom identification, treatment, and follow-up details (including those based on duration of symptoms)

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Nursing Practice 1 (Part 2) PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on Community Health Nursing concepts and practices, including communicable diseases and herbal medicine. This quiz covers essential aspects like public health nursing and the three P's of public health. Assess your understanding of population-focused approaches to health care.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser