Nursing Management Vaccination Guidelines
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Nursing Management Vaccination Guidelines

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Questions and Answers

What is a recommended procedure when administering multiple vaccines at once?

  • Administer at least 2.5-5 cm apart in the same leg (correct)
  • Use the same injection site for all vaccines
  • Administer all vaccines in the same leg
  • Administer with a delay between each vaccine

    • It is not necessary to remind caregivers of children to comply with the prescribes schedule of routine immunization.

    False

    What vaccine is administered at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks?

    Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)

    The vaccine used for stimulation of GI mucosal immunity in children is the _____ vaccine.

    <p>Oral Polio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following vaccines with their characteristics:

    <p>Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) = Live-attenuated virus Pentavalent Vaccine = Eligible up to 5 years DT Vaccine = Given after convulsions Booster doses = Not necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur in children older than 3 months due to the pertussis component?

    <p>Convulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Booster doses are necessary for the effective administration of vaccines.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dose for the Oral Polio Vaccine?

    <p>0.5 ml/2 drops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vaccine is administered at birth?

    <p>Hepatitis B Vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The side effects of the Hepatitis B vaccine include severe allergic reactions requiring immediate treatment.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper route for administering the Hepatitis B vaccine?

    <p>IM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cases of suppuration, the lymph glands should be treated as deep ________.

    <p>abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following laws and policies with their descriptions:

    <p>PD No. 996 of 1976 = Provides compulsory immunization for children below 8 years old RA 7846 of 1994 = Mandatory immunization includes Hepatitis B for children under 8 RA 10152 of 2011 = Includes new vaccines and health immunization policies for those up to 5 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What site is recommended for administering the Hepatitis B vaccine?

    <p>Vastus lateralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cold chain maintenance is critical for the effectiveness of vaccines.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the Hepatitis B Vaccine?

    <p>Pasma derivative or RNA recombinant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct storage temperature for vaccines like OPV and BCG?

    <p>-15 to -25 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Local tenderness is a side effect of the Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a child vomits after receiving a vaccine?

    <p>Administer another dose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For children aged 6, 10, and 14 weeks, the ____________ vaccine is administered.

    <p>Pneumococcal Conjugate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the vaccine to its corresponding age group for administration:

    <p>BCG = At birth MMR = 9 months and 12-15 months IPV = 14 weeks PCV = 6, 10, 14 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered an absolute contraindication for vaccination?

    <p>Immunocompromised condition such as AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is administered subcutaneously.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diluents should be used for the Measles Rubella vaccine for children under 9 months?

    <p>2 ampules of special diluent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nursing management for administering BCG includes protecting it from ____________.

    <p>sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vaccine should be given for a child aged 9 months to 5 years during a measles epidemic?

    <p>MMR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reusable vaccines like OPV can last up to 4 weeks under appropriate conditions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to enhance absorption before vaccinating a child?

    <p>Ensure the child is NPO for 30 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dose of the Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) is ____________ ml.

    <p>0.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the side effects to their respective vaccines:

    <p>MMR = Local soreness, fever, irritability PCV = Fever, irritability IPV = Local tenderness BCG = Localized reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fundamentals of Immunization

    • Oral alcohol should dry the mouth before vaccine injection.
    • No side effects are typically noted from alcohol used in preparation.
    • Maintain NPO (nothing per oral) for 30 minutes post-vaccine to prevent vomiting and ensure absorption.
    • For vomiting children, administer another vaccine dose; diarrhea allows OPV (oral polio vaccine) but counts as a missed dose, so schedule next visit accordingly.

    Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV)

    • Prevents poliomyelitis; provided as a liquid, clear solution.
    • Target age: 14 weeks with a dose of 0.5 ml via intramuscular (IM) injection in the vastus lateralis.
    • Local tenderness may occur post-injection.
    • Must adhere to strict cold chain, aseptic techniques, and monitor with Vaccine Vial Monitor (VVM).

    Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV)

    • Designed to combat pneumonia and meningitis; delivered in a liquid form.
    • Doses given at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks, with a dose of 0.5 ml administered via IM in the vastus lateralis.
    • For ages 2-5 years, offer one dose.
    • Cold compresses recommended for post-injection management.

    Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Vaccine

    • Administered at 9 months and again at 12-15 months.
    • Composed of live-attenuated viruses with potential side effects like local soreness and mild fever.
    • Delivered subcutaneously (SC) at a dose of 0.5 ml in the outer arm.
    • Vitamin A supplementation (200,000 IU) may enhance immunity.

    Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)

    • Clear, pinkish live-attenuated vaccine aimed at GI immunity, administered at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks.
    • Dose delivered orally as 0.5 ml (2 drops).
    • Vaccines can be mixed or given same day at different injection sites, maintaining distance when administering multiple in one leg.

    Hepatitis B Vaccine

    • Immunizes against Hepatitis B; cloudy solution derived from plasma or RNA recombinant.
    • Given at birth with a 0.5 ml dosage via IM injection at the vastus lateralis site.
    • Local soreness at the injection site is common; cold compresses may alleviate discomfort.

    Pentavalent Vaccine

    • Combines protection against Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, and Hib.
    • Administered according to recommended schedule up to ages designated for vaccination.

    Contraindications and Considerations

    • Hospitalization-required serious conditions and immunocompromised states like AIDS are absolute contraindications.
    • Mild conditions (fever, respiratory infections, diarrhea, malnutrition) are generally not contraindications.
    • Ensure adherence to routine immunization schedules and instructions for caregivers regarding common side effects.

    Policies and Laws

    • PD No. 996 mandates immunization for infants and children below 8 years.
    • RA 7846 includes Hepatitis B for children under 8 years.
    • Mandatory Infants and Children's Health Immunization Act (RA 10152) governs immunization programs through age 5 and includes new vaccines.

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    Description

    This quiz covers important nursing management considerations when administering vaccines such as BCG, AMV, and MMR. Key focus areas include preparation techniques, side effects, and specific guidelines for enhancing vaccine absorption. Understanding these principles is crucial for effective nursing practice in immunization.

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