Podcast
Questions and Answers
What complication can arise from untreated hyperthyroidism related to calcium levels?
What complication can arise from untreated hyperthyroidism related to calcium levels?
- Hypercalcemic crisis (correct)
- Hypocalcemic shock
- Hypoparathyroid crisis
- Thyroid storm
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hypocalcemia seen in hypoparathyroidism?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hypocalcemia seen in hypoparathyroidism?
- Muscle hypertonia
- Tremors and spasms
- Decreased muscle tone (correct)
- Numbness and tingling
When managing a patient with hyperthyroidism, which dietary factor is crucial for maintaining health?
When managing a patient with hyperthyroidism, which dietary factor is crucial for maintaining health?
- Increased fiber for bowel regularity
- Balanced calcium-phosphorus intake (correct)
- High protein intake
- Low carbohydrate diet
What is a common risk factor for developing hyperthyroidism in women aged 20-40?
What is a common risk factor for developing hyperthyroidism in women aged 20-40?
What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing hypercalcemic crisis?
What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing hypercalcemic crisis?
Which of the following is an important aspect of patient education for those with hypothyroidism?
Which of the following is an important aspect of patient education for those with hypothyroidism?
What hormonal imbalance results from hypoparathyroidism?
What hormonal imbalance results from hypoparathyroidism?
What neurological symptom may indicate severe hypocalcemia?
What neurological symptom may indicate severe hypocalcemia?
Which condition is a common cause of hyperthyroidism associated with excessive thyroid hormone production?
Which condition is a common cause of hyperthyroidism associated with excessive thyroid hormone production?
Flashcards
Hypothyroidism Medication Effects
Hypothyroidism Medication Effects
Analgesics, sedatives, and anesthetics can have longer-lasting effects on patients with hypothyroidism, requiring close monitoring for side effects by nurses.
Hyperthyroidism Cause
Hyperthyroidism Cause
Overproduction of thyroid hormone, either naturally or from outside sources (e.g., medication). Common causes include Graves' disease and toxic goiter.
Hyperthyroidism Prevalence
Hyperthyroidism Prevalence
Women are affected eight times more often than men, usually between 20 and 40 years old, often linked to stress, infections, and shocks.
Hyperthyroidism Calcium Balance
Hyperthyroidism Calcium Balance
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Hypercalcemic Crisis Definition
Hypercalcemic Crisis Definition
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Hypercalcemic Crisis Treatment
Hypercalcemic Crisis Treatment
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Hypoparathyroidism Definition
Hypoparathyroidism Definition
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Hypoparathyroidism Cause
Hypoparathyroidism Cause
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Hypocalcemia Symptoms
Hypocalcemia Symptoms
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Importance of Follow-up Testing (Thyroid)
Importance of Follow-up Testing (Thyroid)
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Study Notes
Hypothyroidism Nursing Management
- Medication side effects warrant close monitoring in hypothyroid patients. Analgesics, sedatives, and anesthetics can have prolonged effects.
- Educate patients on medication administration (e.g., taking first thing in the morning with water), adhering to schedules, recognizing when to seek medical attention, and the importance of diet for weight management and bowel health. Emphasize the need for follow-up testing.
Hyperthyroidism Overview
- Excessive thyroid hormone production (endogenous or exogenous) is the cause. Common causes include Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, and toxic adenoma, along with thyroiditis and excessive hormone intake.
- Hyperthyroidism predominantly affects women aged 20-40, and occurs 8 times more frequently in women.
- Emotional stress, infection, or shock are possible triggers for hyperthyroidism.
Hyperthyroidism Nursing Management
- Maintaining calcium-phosphorus balance and avoiding related issues are crucial for hyperthyroid patients.
- Frequent follow-up appointments are essential to ensure serum calcium levels return to normal.
Hypercalcemic Crisis (Complication of Hyperthyroidism)
- Hypercalcemic crisis occurs when serum calcium levels exceed 13 mg/dL. It's a life-threatening condition with significant neurological, cardiovascular, and kidney symptoms.
- Immediate treatment is critical. This includes rapid rehydration with isotonic saline to maintain urine output (100-150 mL/hour), calcitonin administration to reduce calcium levels and bone breakdown, and loop diuretics if edema develops.
Hypoparathyroidism
- Hypoparathyroidism is defined by low parathyroid hormone (PTH) production.
- The result is hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia.
- Causes can include thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy, autoimmune responses, and vitamin D deficiency.
Hypoparathyroidism Clinical Manifestations
- Hypocalcemia symptoms include muscle hypertonia, tremors, spasms, numbness/tingling in extremities, hand/foot stiffness, bronchospasm, laryngeal spasm, carpopedal spasm, dysphagia, photophobia, cardiac dysrhythmias, and seizures. Anxiety, irritability, depression, and delirium may also manifest. ECG changes and hypotension are possible side effects.
Hypoparathyroidism Nursing Management
- Post-operative monitoring for hypocalcemia, tetany, seizures, and respiratory problems is essential after thyroid/parathyroid surgeries or neck dissection procedures.
- Ensure ready access to calcium gluconate for emergency IV administration.
- Continuous cardiac monitoring and careful assessment are critical in patients with cardiac conditions due to the effects of calcium and digitalis on systolic contraction.
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