37 Questions
What causes simple or colloid goiter?
Iodine deficiency and intake of goitrogenic substances
What distinguishes toxic goiters from nontoxic goiters?
Presence or absence of hyperthyroidism
What is the most common type of goiter that occurs when iodine intake is deficient?
Simple or colloid goiter
What is the cause of compensatory hypertrophy of the thyroid gland?
Stimulation by the pituitary gland
What is the term used for a visible swelling in the neck due to thyroid enlargement?
Goiter
What are some goitrogenic substances that may cause simple goiter?
Excessive amounts of iodine and lithium
What distinguishes symmetric and diffuse goiters from nodular goiters?
Glandular enlargement pattern
What is the most effective means of preventing goiter in at-risk populations?
Iodized salt
What increases the risk of thyroid carcinoma?
External radiation of the head, neck, or chest in infancy and childhood
Which demographic is more likely to develop thyroid cancer?
Patients younger than 50 years
What is the standard diagnostic procedure for evaluating thyroid nodules and masses?
Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy
What is the treatment of choice for localized thyroid carcinoma?
Surgical removal
What is used for thyroid cancers with metastasis and for ablation procedures to eradicate residual microscopic disease after surgery?
Radioactive iodine
What accounts for 90% of endocrine malignancies?
Thyroid cancer
Which of the following is advised for the patient to reduce edema to the vocal cords?
Talking as little as possible
Where does the recurrent laryngeal nerve lie in relation to the thyroid?
Just behind the thyroid next to the trachea
What is the purpose of providing an overbed table for the patient?
Access to frequently used items without turning the head
When are nonabsorbable sutures usually removed following surgery?
5 to 7 days
What type of diet may be prescribed to promote weight gain?
High-calorie diet
What happens to absorbable sutures?
They dissolve within the body
When is the patient usually discharged from the hospital after surgery?
On the day of surgery or soon afterward if uncomplicated
What is encouraged for the patient as soon as possible after surgery?
Being out of bed
What is used to relieve excessive mucous accumulation?
Humidifier with vapor-mist inhalations
What is the most common and least aggressive type of thyroid tumor?
Papillary cancer
What is the main purpose of long-term follow-up for differentiated thyroid cancer?
To base follow-up on cancer stage and initial treatment results
What is a priority in postoperative care for thyroid cancer patients?
Monitoring pulse and blood pressure
What is a key aspect of nursing management for thyroid cancer patients?
Reducing patient anxiety
What is the main purpose of preoperative education for thyroid cancer patients?
Educating about diet, vitamins, and avoiding stimulants
What is a key test for metastasis confirmation in thyroid cancer patients?
Radioiodine imaging
What is a key aspect of immediate postoperative care for thyroid cancer patients?
Providing oxygen support
What is the most common and least aggressive type of thyroid tumor?
Papillary cancer
Which tests are used for metastasis confirmation in differentiated thyroid cancer?
Radioiodine imaging and FDG PET
What is a priority in postoperative care for thyroid cancer patients?
Observing breathing difficulty
What is the focus of nursing management for thyroid cancer patients?
Reducing patient anxiety and protecting them from stress
What is the basis for long-term follow-up in differentiated thyroid cancer?
Cancer stage and initial treatment results
What is the early detection and appropriate treatment associated with in thyroid cancer patients under 50 years old?
Good prognosis
What is the most aggressive form of thyroid cancer?
Anaplastic cancer
Study Notes
Thyroid Cancer Prognosis and Nursing Management
- Early detection and appropriate treatment lead to good prognosis for thyroid cancer patients under 50 years old.
- Papillary cancer, the most common and least aggressive thyroid tumor, has the best prognosis among thyroid cancers.
- Follicular cancer, a more aggressive form of thyroid cancer, also has common long-term survival.
- Long-term follow-up for differentiated thyroid cancer is based on cancer stage and initial treatment results.
- Follow-up includes clinical assessment, hormone levels monitoring, serum thyroglobulin measurement, and neck ultrasound.
- Tests for metastasis confirmation include radioiodine imaging, CT, MRI, skeletal x-rays, and FDG PET.
- Nursing management involves reducing patient anxiety and protecting them from stress to avoid thyroid storm.
- Preoperative care includes educating the patient about diet, vitamins, and avoiding stimulants.
- Preoperative education also covers preoperative tests, preparations, and how to support the neck post-surgery.
- Postoperative care priorities include observing breathing difficulty, monitoring pulse and blood pressure, and assessing surgical dressings.
- The nurse should anticipate patient apprehension, inform about oxygen use, and support the patient's head when moving.
- IV fluids are given in the immediate postoperative period, and water and soft diet are gradually introduced as swallowing improves.
Test your knowledge of thyroid disorders, including nodular goiter and thyroid cancer, as well as the prognosis and nursing management of thyroid cancer. Learn about risk factors, diagnostic procedures, treatment options, and nursing care for patients with thyroid disorders.
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