Podcast
Questions and Answers
What interventions are recommended for controlling hypervolemia?
What interventions are recommended for controlling hypervolemia?
- Encouraging bed rest, increasing sodium intake, and monitoring parenteral fluid therapy
- Limiting rest, increasing sodium intake, and avoiding medication
- Promoting rest, restricting sodium intake, monitoring parenteral fluid therapy, and administering appropriate medications (correct)
- Encouraging physical activity, increasing sodium intake, and avoiding medication
What is the mechanism related to the diuresis of fluid during bed rest?
What is the mechanism related to the diuresis of fluid during bed rest?
- Diminished arterial pooling and subsequent decrease in effective circulating blood volume and renal perfusion
- Increased venous pooling and subsequent decrease in effective circulating blood volume and renal perfusion
- Increased arterial pooling and subsequent increase in effective circulating blood volume and renal perfusion
- Diminished venous pooling and subsequent increase in effective circulating blood volume and renal perfusion (correct)
Why are regular rest periods beneficial for patients with hypervolemia?
Why are regular rest periods beneficial for patients with hypervolemia?
- Bed rest reduces renal perfusion
- Bed rest increases fluid retention
- Bed rest favors diuresis of fluid (correct)
- Bed rest decreases circulating blood volume
What is a common cause of increased extracellular fluid (ECF) volume?
What is a common cause of increased extracellular fluid (ECF) volume?
What can cause a change in the capillary membrane, leading to edema?
What can cause a change in the capillary membrane, leading to edema?
What is a type of edema in which fluid accumulates in the peritoneal cavity?
What is a type of edema in which fluid accumulates in the peritoneal cavity?
What is the goal of treatment for edema?
What is the goal of treatment for edema?
Which system increases sodium and water retention in response to decreased cardiac output?
Which system increases sodium and water retention in response to decreased cardiac output?
What should be monitored for patients with fluid volume overload?
What should be monitored for patients with fluid volume overload?
What should be emphasized when educating patients about edema?
What should be emphasized when educating patients about edema?
What should be considered when identifying medications that could cause edema?
What should be considered when identifying medications that could cause edema?
What is a condition associated with increased interstitial fluid volume?
What is a condition associated with increased interstitial fluid volume?
How does the nurse assess for fluid volume excess (FVE)?
How does the nurse assess for fluid volume excess (FVE)?
What is a method for assessing pitting edema?
What is a method for assessing pitting edema?
What is a recommended intervention for preventing hypervolemia?
What is a recommended intervention for preventing hypervolemia?
How should patients be advised regarding over-the-counter (OTC) medications?
How should patients be advised regarding over-the-counter (OTC) medications?
How should the nurse monitor peripheral edema?
How should the nurse monitor peripheral edema?
In which body parts should the nurse monitor the degree of edema in ambulatory patients?
In which body parts should the nurse monitor the degree of edema in ambulatory patients?
How is rapid weight gain indicative of fluid volume excess?
How is rapid weight gain indicative of fluid volume excess?
What should be considered if fluid retention persists despite adherence to a prescribed diet?
What should be considered if fluid retention persists despite adherence to a prescribed diet?
Why should patients avoid over-the-counter (OTC) medications without consulting a health care provider?
Why should patients avoid over-the-counter (OTC) medications without consulting a health care provider?
What part of the body should be assessed for edema in patients confined to bed?
What part of the body should be assessed for edema in patients confined to bed?
What should be done if breath sounds are assessed at regular intervals in at-risk patients?
What should be done if breath sounds are assessed at regular intervals in at-risk patients?
Why are most patients instructed to avoid over-the-counter (OTC) medications?
Why are most patients instructed to avoid over-the-counter (OTC) medications?
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Study Notes
Controlling Hypervolemia and Edema
- Interventions for controlling hypervolemia include reducing sodium intake, promoting diuresis, and administering diuretics.
- During bed rest, the body's natural response to a decrease in hydrostatic pressure leads to increased sodium and water retention, which can cause fluid accumulation and edema.
- Regular rest periods are beneficial for patients with hypervolemia as they help reduce fluid accumulation and edema.
Causes of Edema
- A common cause of increased extracellular fluid (ECF) volume is excessive sodium and water retention.
- Changes in the capillary membrane, such as increased permeability, can lead to edema.
- Ascites is a type of edema where fluid accumulates in the peritoneal cavity.
Treatment and Monitoring
- The goal of treatment for edema is to reduce fluid volume excess and alleviate symptoms.
- The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) increases sodium and water retention in response to decreased cardiac output, exacerbating edema.
- Patients with fluid volume overload should be monitored for signs of edema, such as weight gain, peripheral edema, and breath sounds.
Patient Education
- Patients should be educated on the importance of adhering to a low-sodium diet and avoiding over-the-counter (OTC) medications that can exacerbate edema.
- Patients should be advised to monitor their body weight and report any rapid weight gain to their healthcare provider.
Assessment and Intervention
- Nurses assess for fluid volume excess (FVE) by checking for signs of edema, such as pitting edema, and monitoring weight gain.
- A method for assessing pitting edema is to press firmly on the patient's skin with their thumb for 5-10 seconds.
- To prevent hypervolemia, patients should be advised to limit sodium intake and stay physically active.
- Patients confined to bed should be assessed for edema in their sacrum, hips, and ankles.
- Ambulatory patients should be monitored for edema in their feet, ankles, and legs.
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