Nursing IV Insertion and Monitoring Quiz

Inflammation of loose connective tissue, often caused by improper insertion technique during a procedure.

IV fluids restore and maintain fluid volume and electrolyte balance in the body, provide nutrition, deliver medication, allow blood product transfusions, and support diagnostic testing.

Flumazenil

Naloxone (Narcan)

Protamine sulfate

Acetylcysteine (Mucomist)

Hypotonic fluids cause water to move into cells, making them swell.

Used to treat conditions that cause cells to lose water (e.g., dehydration), particularly when cells need more water.

A fluid with a lower solute concentration than the cells.

A fluid with a higher solute concentration than the cells.

Valacyclovir inserts itself into replicating viral DNA, stopping viral replication.

Possible side effects include headache, nausea, skin rash, and more serious reactions like kidney problems or hypersensitivity.

A group of DNA viruses including herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus.

Antiviral medications used to treat herpesviruses.

An antiviral medication that's a type of guanosine analog.

Assessment of current symptoms (lesions, pain, itching).

Possible valacyclovir side effects, including agitation, confusion, seizures, among others.

Rare but serious side effects, like blood disorders or kidney problems, related to valacyclovir use.

Reduces herpes symptoms but doesn't eliminate the infection or stop transmission.

Avoid sexual contact with sores; use condoms even without sores.

Take medication regularly with water, with or without food.

Staying well hydrated is important during antiviral treatment.

Headaches, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting.

Watch for and assess side effects during antiviral treatment.

Acyclovir, ganciclovir, valacyclovir, valganciclovir, and famciclovir.

Avoid veins in infected areas, with dialysis shunts, scars, or previous issues.

Absence of herpes lesions and symptoms.

Never choose veins in an arm with a mastectomy on the same side, dialysis shunts or AV fistulas, signs of infection, extensive scarring/burns/surgeries, CVA paralysis, recent infiltration/extravasation/phlebitis, or distal to a previous puncture.

Use strict aseptic technique during IV insertion, including alcohol or chlorhexidine for cleaning.

Apply the tourniquet 6-8 inches above the intended IV insertion site, and only for 2 minutes at a time.

Extension tubing connects to the IV catheter to create a saline lock, which allows for easy medication administration and flushing.

Cellulitis is an inflammation of the loose connective tissue around an IV insertion site, often caused by poor aseptic technique. It presents with red, swollen areas spreading outward in a circular pattern.

Isotonic fluids have the same concentration inside and outside the cell, so fluid remains within the intravascular compartment.

Isotonic fluids are used to treat hypovolemia (low blood volume) and hypotension (low blood pressure).

Commonly ordered isotonic fluids include 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) and Lactated Ringers (LR).

IV fluid replacement helps expand intravascular volume, corrects fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and compensates for ongoing problems affecting fluid and electrolytes.

1. Right Patient, 2. Right Drug, 3. Right Dose, 4. Right Route, 5. Right Time, 6. Right Documentation, 7. Right to Refuse, 8. Right Assessment, 9. Right Education

Hypotonic fluids are contraindicated in increased intracranial pressure (ICP) because they can pull fluid into the brain tissue, causing brain swelling.

D5W (5% dextrose in water) becomes a hypertonic fluid once the dextrose is metabolized by the body, leaving behind water. This draws water out of the cells into the bloodstream.

Hypotonic IV fluids are used to treat conditions where cells have lost water, by pulling water into the cells, making them swell.

Commonly ordered hypotonic IV fluids include 0.45% NaCl (half-normal saline), 0.33% NaCl, and 0.2% NaCl.

Hypotonic fluids should not be used in patients with increased intracranial pressure (ICP), dehydration, or trauma. They can worsen the condition by pulling fluid into the brain.

Flumazenil is the antidote for benzodiazepines, medications that are commonly used for anxiety and sleep.

Naloxone (Narcan) is the antidote for opioid overdose, commonly used for pain relief.

Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin, a blood thinner often used to prevent blood clots.

Acetylcysteine (Mucomist) is the antidote for acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose.

A solution with the same solute concentration as your cells, so it doesn't change their size. Examples include normal saline (0.9% NaCl) and Lactated Ringer's solution.

Hypotonic fluids are contraindicated in conditions where increased intracranial pressure is a concern, such as brain trauma. The influx of fluid into brain tissue could cause swelling, which can be dangerous.

D5W (5% dextrose in water) is considered an isotonic solution initially. However, once the dextrose is metabolized, it becomes a hypotonic solution as only water is left behind. This can draw water out of the cells into the bloodstream and make D5W a hypertonic solution.

Before starting antiviral medication like valacyclovir for a herpes infection, it's crucial to gather baseline information, including the patient's current symptoms, location of lesions, and presence of any pain, itching, or drainage.

When a client is prescribed valacyclovir, it's essential for nurses to perform a baseline assessment, monitor for side effects (especially severe ones), and educate the client about medication management, including avoiding sexual contact during outbreaks and taking medication as prescribed.

A type of herpesvirus that causes oral herpes (cold sores) and genital herpes. It's a common infection that can reactivate periodically, causing outbreaks.

Treatment of herpesvirus infections with antiviral medications like valacyclovir aims to suppress the virus, reduce symptoms, and prevent transmission.

During an active herpes outbreak, it's essential to avoid sexual contact to prevent transmission of the virus to others. This is because the virus is easily spread through contact with sores.

Antiviral medications like acyclovir reduce the symptoms of herpes but do not cure the infection or stop its spread completely.

To avoid spreading herpes, abstain from sexual activity if you have sores, and always use latex or polyurethane condoms during sex, even without sores.

When treating herpes with antiviral medications, evaluate for the desired response - an absence of lesions and symptoms.

Never choose veins in an arm with a past mastectomy, dialysis shunts or fistulas, signs of infection, extensive scarring, recent infiltrations, or veins distal to previous punctures.

Isotonic fluids help expand intravascular volume, correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and support fluid and electrolyte balance during ongoing problems.

Hypotonic fluids are not used for patients with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) as they could draw water into the brain tissue, resulting in swelling.