Nursing IV Insertion and Monitoring Quiz

<p>Protamine sulfate – Heparin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased intracranial pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expanding intravascular volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.45% NaCl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypotonic fluids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperglycemic conditions such as DKA/HHNS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluid Volume Overload (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.45% NS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells maintain their volume without change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cause cells to burst due to excess water absorption. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3% NaCl (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administer all IV fluids at the same rate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a lower concentration of solutes than cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoglycemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It inserts into replicating viral DNA, halting synthesis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration of cells leading to tissue ischemia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and seizures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase fluids to prevent crystallization in kidneys. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic cough (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To expand intravascular volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Healthy arm without prior complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It draws fluid into the intravascular space (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitoring the patient before, during, and after administration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slow the infusion rate or stop the infusion if severe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.9% Sodium Chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydration is essential while taking antiviral medications to prevent nephrotoxicity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibiting viral DNA replication. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration and hypernatremia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warmth and diffuse redness spreading out from the site (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perform a baseline renal and hepatic function assessment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Condoms should be used consistently to prevent transmission even without visible symptoms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use strict aseptic technique and scrub the hub thoroughly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right to delay (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nausea and vomiting. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When no new symptoms develop and existing lesions disappear. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A limb that has shown signs of recent phlebitis. (A), An arm that has undergone a mastectomy on the same side. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antiviral treatment aims to decrease symptoms, not cure the infection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemolytic uremic syndrome. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stay well hydrated to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells remain unchanged in size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydrated cells in hyperglycemic conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In critical care for cerebral edema or hyponatremia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brain swelling due to fluid shifting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased cellular swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypernatremia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reverse respiratory depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cause water to flow into the cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells will swell and may burst. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reverse the sedative effects of benzodiazepines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased intracranial pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessing blood glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells swell as water moves in. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has a higher solute concentration than the intracellular fluid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It inserts into viral DNA, halting synthesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurological symptoms like confusion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perform a baseline assessment of current symptoms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypotonic fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Situation, Background, Assessment, Response. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They will not need to monitor for neurological effects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avoid veins in extremities with extensive scarring. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The medication may not prevent transmission to others. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apply a tourniquet directly on the puncture site. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persistent nausea or vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To connect the IV catheter and facilitate a saline lock. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Staying well hydrated and taking medications regularly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observe the IV insertion site for signs of phlebitis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypovolemia and hypotension management. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitoring for side effects and checking for therapeutic response. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammation spreading outward in a circular pattern. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ganciclovir - Reduces fluid retention. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engage in safe sexual practices to prevent spreading the virus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of a hematoma or bleeding. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treatment goals include elimination of all viruses from the body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Education empowers the patient about their treatment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slow the rate of infusion and provide antihistamines. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When lesions have significantly decreased in number. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of loose connective tissue, often caused by improper insertion technique during a procedure.

IV fluids restore and maintain fluid volume and electrolyte balance in the body, provide nutrition, deliver medication, allow blood product transfusions, and support diagnostic testing.

Flumazenil

Naloxone (Narcan)

Protamine sulfate

Acetylcysteine (Mucomist)

Hypotonic fluids cause water to move into cells, making them swell.

Used to treat conditions that cause cells to lose water (e.g., dehydration), particularly when cells need more water.

A fluid with a lower solute concentration than the cells.

A fluid with a higher solute concentration than the cells.

Valacyclovir inserts itself into replicating viral DNA, stopping viral replication.

Possible side effects include headache, nausea, skin rash, and more serious reactions like kidney problems or hypersensitivity.

A group of DNA viruses including herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus.

Antiviral medications used to treat herpesviruses.

An antiviral medication that's a type of guanosine analog.

Assessment of current symptoms (lesions, pain, itching).

Possible valacyclovir side effects, including agitation, confusion, seizures, among others.

Rare but serious side effects, like blood disorders or kidney problems, related to valacyclovir use.

Reduces herpes symptoms but doesn't eliminate the infection or stop transmission.

Avoid sexual contact with sores; use condoms even without sores.

Take medication regularly with water, with or without food.

Staying well hydrated is important during antiviral treatment.

Headaches, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting.

Watch for and assess side effects during antiviral treatment.

Acyclovir, ganciclovir, valacyclovir, valganciclovir, and famciclovir.

Avoid veins in infected areas, with dialysis shunts, scars, or previous issues.

Absence of herpes lesions and symptoms.

Never choose veins in an arm with a mastectomy on the same side, dialysis shunts or AV fistulas, signs of infection, extensive scarring/burns/surgeries, CVA paralysis, recent infiltration/extravasation/phlebitis, or distal to a previous puncture.

Use strict aseptic technique during IV insertion, including alcohol or chlorhexidine for cleaning.

Apply the tourniquet 6-8 inches above the intended IV insertion site, and only for 2 minutes at a time.

Extension tubing connects to the IV catheter to create a saline lock, which allows for easy medication administration and flushing.

Cellulitis is an inflammation of the loose connective tissue around an IV insertion site, often caused by poor aseptic technique. It presents with red, swollen areas spreading outward in a circular pattern.

Isotonic fluids have the same concentration inside and outside the cell, so fluid remains within the intravascular compartment.

Isotonic fluids are used to treat hypovolemia (low blood volume) and hypotension (low blood pressure).

Commonly ordered isotonic fluids include 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) and Lactated Ringers (LR).

IV fluid replacement helps expand intravascular volume, corrects fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and compensates for ongoing problems affecting fluid and electrolytes.

1. Right Patient, 2. Right Drug, 3. Right Dose, 4. Right Route, 5. Right Time, 6. Right Documentation, 7. Right to Refuse, 8. Right Assessment, 9. Right Education

Hypotonic fluids are contraindicated in increased intracranial pressure (ICP) because they can pull fluid into the brain tissue, causing brain swelling.

D5W (5% dextrose in water) becomes a hypertonic fluid once the dextrose is metabolized by the body, leaving behind water. This draws water out of the cells into the bloodstream.

Hypotonic IV fluids are used to treat conditions where cells have lost water, by pulling water into the cells, making them swell.

Commonly ordered hypotonic IV fluids include 0.45% NaCl (half-normal saline), 0.33% NaCl, and 0.2% NaCl.

Hypotonic fluids should not be used in patients with increased intracranial pressure (ICP), dehydration, or trauma. They can worsen the condition by pulling fluid into the brain.

Flumazenil is the antidote for benzodiazepines, medications that are commonly used for anxiety and sleep.

Naloxone (Narcan) is the antidote for opioid overdose, commonly used for pain relief.

Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin, a blood thinner often used to prevent blood clots.

Acetylcysteine (Mucomist) is the antidote for acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose.

A solution with the same solute concentration as your cells, so it doesn't change their size. Examples include normal saline (0.9% NaCl) and Lactated Ringer's solution.

Hypotonic fluids are contraindicated in conditions where increased intracranial pressure is a concern, such as brain trauma. The influx of fluid into brain tissue could cause swelling, which can be dangerous.

D5W (5% dextrose in water) is considered an isotonic solution initially. However, once the dextrose is metabolized, it becomes a hypotonic solution as only water is left behind. This can draw water out of the cells into the bloodstream and make D5W a hypertonic solution.

Before starting antiviral medication like valacyclovir for a herpes infection, it's crucial to gather baseline information, including the patient's current symptoms, location of lesions, and presence of any pain, itching, or drainage.

When a client is prescribed valacyclovir, it's essential for nurses to perform a baseline assessment, monitor for side effects (especially severe ones), and educate the client about medication management, including avoiding sexual contact during outbreaks and taking medication as prescribed.

A type of herpesvirus that causes oral herpes (cold sores) and genital herpes. It's a common infection that can reactivate periodically, causing outbreaks.

Treatment of herpesvirus infections with antiviral medications like valacyclovir aims to suppress the virus, reduce symptoms, and prevent transmission.

During an active herpes outbreak, it's essential to avoid sexual contact to prevent transmission of the virus to others. This is because the virus is easily spread through contact with sores.

Antiviral medications like acyclovir reduce the symptoms of herpes but do not cure the infection or stop its spread completely.

To avoid spreading herpes, abstain from sexual activity if you have sores, and always use latex or polyurethane condoms during sex, even without sores.

When treating herpes with antiviral medications, evaluate for the desired response - an absence of lesions and symptoms.

Never choose veins in an arm with a past mastectomy, dialysis shunts or fistulas, signs of infection, extensive scarring, recent infiltrations, or veins distal to previous punctures.

Isotonic fluids help expand intravascular volume, correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and support fluid and electrolyte balance during ongoing problems.

Hypotonic fluids are not used for patients with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) as they could draw water into the brain tissue, resulting in swelling.