Nursing IV Insertion and Monitoring Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which condition is NOT a clinical problem targeted by hypotonic IV fluids?

  • Hyperglycemic conditions
  • Increased intracranial pressure
  • Dehydrated cells
  • Fluid overload (correct)

    • What is the primary mechanism by which hypotonic IV fluids affect cells?

  • Strip cells of essential nutrients
  • Pull body water into the intravascular space
  • Increase solute concentration outside the cells
  • Cause water to flow into the cells (correct)

    • Which gastrointestinal condition may require IV fluid administration to correct electrolyte imbalances?

  • Gastroesophageal reflux
  • Irritable bowel syndrome
  • Constipation
  • Nausea and vomiting (correct)

    • Which of the following antidotes is correctly matched with its associated medication?

    <p>Protamine sulfate – Heparin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are hypotonic fluids contraindicated in treatment?

    <p>Increased intracranial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of IV fluids in patients experiencing ongoing problems with fluid and electrolyte balance?

    <p>Expanding intravascular volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following IV fluids is considered hypotonic?

    <p>0.45% NaCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of IV fluid would be inappropriate for a patient with potential TBI (traumatic brain injury)?

    <p>Hypotonic fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary clinical indication for administering hypotonic fluids?

    <p>Hyperglycemic conditions such as DKA/HHNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential risk when administering hypertonic fluids?

    <p>Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for a patient with fluid volume excess related to isotonic fluid administration?

    <p>Fluid Volume Overload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fluids is considered a hypotonic solution?

    <p>0.45% NS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of inducting isotonic fluids on cellular dynamics?

    <p>Cells maintain their volume without change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do hypotonic fluids have on cells?

    <p>They cause cells to burst due to excess water absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a hypertonic fluid?

    <p>3% NaCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing consideration is NOT appropriate for managing IV fluids?

    <p>Administer all IV fluids at the same rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately defines hypotonic fluids?

    <p>They have a lower concentration of solutes than cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What side effect is NOT associated with valacyclovir?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does valacyclovir perform at the viral level?

    <p>It inserts into replicating viral DNA, halting synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which consequence might occur from rapid administration of hypertonic fluids?

    <p>Dehydration of cells leading to tissue ischemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant risk of using valacyclovir in patients with renal impairment?

    <p>Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the nursing implications when administering acyclovir?

    <p>Increase fluids to prevent crystallization in kidneys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with herpesvirus infections?

    <p>Chronic cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of administering isotonic fluids in clinical practice?

    <p>To expand intravascular volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios is NOT a contraindication for IV insertion?

    <p>Healthy arm without prior complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a hypertonic fluid from isotonic and hypotonic fluids?

    <p>It draws fluid into the intravascular space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During IV medication administration, which is an essential nursing intervention to identify adverse reactions?

    <p>Monitoring the patient before, during, and after administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do for a patient exhibiting symptoms of Red Man Syndrome caused by Vancomycin?

    <p>Slow the infusion rate or stop the infusion if severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which solution is commonly used as an isotonic fluid for intravenous therapy?

    <p>0.9% Sodium Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the treatment of herpes simplex virus is accurate?

    <p>Hydration is essential while taking antiviral medications to prevent nephrotoxicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for the antiviral medications used in treating herpesviruses?

    <p>Inhibiting viral DNA replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which condition are hypotonic fluids primarily prescribed?

    <p>Dehydration and hypernatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of cellulitis that may develop at an IV insertion site?

    <p>Warmth and diffuse redness spreading out from the site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing consideration is crucial when caring for a client receiving acyclovir?

    <p>Perform a baseline renal and hepatic function assessment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be emphasized to a client regarding the use of condoms during herpes simplex virus treatment?

    <p>Condoms should be used consistently to prevent transmission even without visible symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a proper procedure for inserting an IV catheter?

    <p>Use strict aseptic technique and scrub the hub thoroughly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the rights of medication administration?

    <p>Right to delay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is associated with antiviral medications for herpes that requires further evaluation if persistent?

    <p>Nausea and vomiting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a healthcare provider consider a therapeutic response to antiviral treatment for herpes simplex?

    <p>When no new symptoms develop and existing lesions disappear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of IV therapy, which site should never be chosen for IV insertion?

    <p>A limb that has shown signs of recent phlebitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What educational point about herpes treatment should be most emphasized to clients?

    <p>Antiviral treatment aims to decrease symptoms, not cure the infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a serious potential side effect of antiviral medications like acyclovir?

    <p>Hemolytic uremic syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for clients to do while taking antiviral medications for herpes simplex?

    <p>Stay well hydrated to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the effect of isotonic fluids on cellular dynamics?

    <p>Cells remain unchanged in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a clinical condition that hypotonic fluids are specifically utilized to address?

    <p>Dehydrated cells in hyperglycemic conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation are hypertonic fluids predominantly utilized?

    <p>In critical care for cerebral edema or hyponatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a serious consequence of administering hypotonic fluids to a patient with increased ICP?

    <p>Brain swelling due to fluid shifting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of using hypotonic IV fluids in patients with dehydration?

    <p>Increased cellular swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance might hypotonic IV fluids primarily help to correct in hyperglycemic conditions?

    <p>Hypernatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason naloxone is administered during opioid overdoses?

    <p>To reverse respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hypotonic IV fluids impact cells at the osmotic level?

    <p>They cause water to flow into the cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes cell response to hypotonic solutions?

    <p>Cells will swell and may burst.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper medical role of flumazenil in benzodiazepine administration?

    <p>To reverse the sedative effects of benzodiazepines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what clinical scenario are hypotonic IV fluids contraindicated?

    <p>Increased intracranial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following considerations is NOT essential when managing IV medications?

    <p>Assessing blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of hypotonic fluids on cells?

    <p>Cells swell as water moves in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a hypertonic fluid?

    <p>Has a higher solute concentration than the intracellular fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism of action does valacyclovir employ against herpesviruses?

    <p>It inserts into viral DNA, halting synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect of valacyclovir is considered more severe?

    <p>Neurological symptoms like confusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical nursing consideration when administering acyclovir?

    <p>Perform a baseline assessment of current symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately differentiates hypotonic fluids from isontonic and hypertonic fluids?

    <p>Hypotonic fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serious condition can arise from using valacyclovir in patients with renal impairment?

    <p>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of IV fluid management, what does SBAR stand for?

    <p>Situation, Background, Assessment, Response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common misconception might patients have regarding the side effects of antiviral medications like acyclovir?

    <p>They will not need to monitor for neurological effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criteria should be considered when choosing a vein for IV insertion?

    <p>Avoid veins in extremities with extensive scarring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern that a client should be educated about regarding the treatment of herpes simplex virus?

    <p>The medication may not prevent transmission to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following interventions is NOT recommended during the IV insertion procedure?

    <p>Apply a tourniquet directly on the puncture site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect requires a client taking antiviral medications for herpes to contact their healthcare provider?

    <p>Persistent nausea or vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of extension tubing in IV therapy?

    <p>To connect the IV catheter and facilitate a saline lock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice is crucial for clients to follow during antiviral treatment for herpes simplex virus?

    <p>Staying well hydrated and taking medications regularly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which assessment is critical before administering medication via IV push?

    <p>Observe the IV insertion site for signs of phlebitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common clinical indication for administering isotonic fluids?

    <p>Hypovolemia and hypotension management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What monitoring is essential when treating a client with antiviral medications like acyclovir?

    <p>Monitoring for side effects and checking for therapeutic response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the clinical manifestation of cellulitis at an IV insertion site?

    <p>Inflammation spreading outward in a circular pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antiviral medications is incorrectly matched with its function?

    <p>Ganciclovir - Reduces fluid retention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should clients be explicitly advised to do if lesions or sores are present?

    <p>Engage in safe sexual practices to prevent spreading the virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid is classified as isotonic and commonly used?

    <p>0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential complication arises from incorrect IV insertion technique?

    <p>Formation of a hematoma or bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about therapeutic goals in the treatment of herpes simplex with antivirals is incorrect?

    <p>Treatment goals include elimination of all viruses from the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable side effect of guanosine analog medications used to treat herpes?

    <p>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key principle governs the rights of medication administration?

    <p>Education empowers the patient about their treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the event of Red Man Syndrome from Vancomycin, what is the appropriate nursing action?

    <p>Slow the rate of infusion and provide antihistamines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a healthcare provider consider the pharmacological effectiveness of acyclovir treatment?

    <p>When lesions have significantly decreased in number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions would prohibit the insertion of an IV line?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    IVs

    • Never choose veins in an arm with mastectomy, dialysis shunts, AV fistulas, or infection. Avoid areas with extensive scarring, burns, or surgeries.
    • Technical pointers for IV insertion: Use strict aseptic technique with alcohol or chlorhexidine. Apply a tourniquet 6-8 inches above the insertion site. Massage the vein if necessary.
    • Extension tubing connects to patient's IV catheter to make a saline lock.
    • To set up an IV, apply tourniquet, palpate the vein, practice scrubbing the hub, and use saline flush to connect the extension tubing.
    • Cellulitis, inflammation of loose connective tissue around insertion site, is caused by poor aseptic technique. Treatment is antibiotics. The affected area spreads outwardly in a diffuse circular pattern.
    • 9 rights of medication administration: right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right documentation, right to refuse, right assessment, and right education.

    Monitoring/Nursing Interventions (IV Push)

    • Assess the patient before, during, and after medication administration for adverse reactions.
    • For Blue Man Syndrome: Administer Amiodarone.
    • For Red Man Syndrome: Administer Vancomycin.
    • Administer fluids, electrolytes, medications, and nutrients. IV fluids expand intravascular volume, correct imbalances, and compensate for problems like N/V/D.

    Types of Intravenous Fluids

    • Isotonic:* Fluid concentration within the intravascular compartment and outside the cell remains the same. Common isotonic fluids include 0.9% Sodium chloride (Normal Saline) and Lactated Ringers (LR). Used for hypovolemia and hypotension.
    • Hypotonic:* Fluid has a lower concentration of solutes than cells. Water moves into cells, causing them to swell. Common hypotonic fluids include 0.45% NS, 0.33% NS, and 0.2% NS. Used for dehydration.
    • Hypertonic:* Fluid has a higher concentration of solutes than cells. Water moves out of cells, causing them to shrink. Common hypertonic fluids include D5 0.9% NS, D5 0.45% NS, D5LR, and 3% NS. Used for cerebral edema and hyponatremia.

    Additional Information

    • Proper IV insertion site selection is crucial for preventing complications like infiltration, phlebitis, and infections.
    • Patients receiving IV fluids should be monitored closely for signs of fluid overload or deficit, and for adverse reactions.

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    Watkins FINAL EXAM PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the best practices for IV insertion, including patient safety, aseptic techniques, and the nine rights of medication administration. This quiz will also cover monitoring and nursing interventions related to IV pushes. Brush up on your skills to ensure safe and effective patient care.

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