Nursing in Reproductive Health

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What occurs during the first stage of labor?

Delivery of the newborn

Recovery period for the mother

Expulsion of the placenta

Cervical dilation and effacement (correct)

What is a potential neonatal side effect of barbiturate administration during labor?

Increased alertness

Delayed establishment of feeding (correct)

Muscle hypertonicity

Hypothermia

Which action should a nurse prioritize during the third stage of labor?

Collecting a urine specimen

Placing the newborn on the mother's abdomen (correct)

Assessing uterine contractions

Coaching the mother to push

What is the primary purpose of using a radiant warmer for a newborn?

To maintain body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What movement occurs immediately before the expulsion of the body during labor?

External rotation Signup and view all the answers

What potential effect does regional anesthesia have on the mother?

Maternal hypotension Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of labor is assessing uterine contractions typically performed?

First stage during latent phase Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed using the Apgar score for a newborn?

Immediate adjustment to extrauterine life Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason barbiturates are not used for pain relief during active labor?

They cause depressive effects in the newborn within 2 to 3 hours. Signup and view all the answers

During the third stage of labor, which nursing intervention is appropriate?

Promote parent-newborn interaction. Signup and view all the answers

Which action shows the nurse's understanding of a newborn's thermoregulatory ability?

Placing the newborn under a radiant warmer. Signup and view all the answers

Which cardinal movement occurs immediately before the expulsion of the fetus?

Extension Signup and view all the answers

What structure connects the right and left auricles of the heart in a fetus?

Foramen ovale Signup and view all the answers

What can cause a reddish stain on a newborn's diaper?

Uric acid crystals Signup and view all the answers

What heart rate range would be considered normal for a sleeping newborn?

120 beats per minute Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the fontanels of a newborn is true?

The anterior is larger than the posterior fontanel. Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to a false-positive reaction in a pregnancy test?

Performing the test within 10 days after an abortion Signup and view all the answers

When can the fetal heart rate (FHR) first be auscultated with a fetoscope?

At 20 weeks' gestation Signup and view all the answers

How is the estimated due date (EDD) calculated when the last menstrual period (LMP) is known?

Add 7 days, subtract 3 months, and adjust the year Signup and view all the answers

What indicates the fetal gestational age when the LMP is unknown?

Size and position of the uterus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a danger sign during pregnancy that requires prompt reporting?

Leaking of amniotic fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant rubella titer level that indicates immunity?

1:8 or greater Signup and view all the answers

How do contractions in true labor differ from those in false labor?

They increase in intensity with walking Signup and view all the answers

What does crowning indicate during the labor process?

The head appears at the vaginal opening Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the foramen ovale in a newborn?

It allows oxygen-rich blood to bypass the lungs. Signup and view all the answers

What causes the reddish 'brick dust' stain on a newborn's diaper?

Uric acid crystals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal resting heart rate for a sleeping newborn?

100 beats per minute. Signup and view all the answers

Which fontanel closes at approximately 8 to 12 weeks after birth?

Posterior fontanel. Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex is characterized by the fanning and hyperextension of the toes?

Babinski reflex. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of hyperemesis gravidarum?

Severe nausea and electrolyte imbalance. Signup and view all the answers

What classic sign indicates pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)?

Edema of the hands and face. Signup and view all the answers

What reflexes typically persist unchanged into adulthood?

Blink and gag reflexes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary predisposing factor related to mastitis?

Breast injury caused by overdistention, stasis, and cracking of the nipples Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes thrombophlebitis?

Inflammation of the vascular endothelium with clot formation on the vessel wall Signup and view all the answers

What are the expected assessment findings if a client develops DVT?

Muscle pain, the presence of Homans sign, and swelling in the affected limb Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following findings are most commonly associated with cystitis?

Nocturia, frequency, urgency, dysuria, hematuria, fever and suprapubic pain Signup and view all the answers

How frequently do new mothers report experiencing postpartum blues?

Between 30% and 50% of all new mothers report some form of postpartum blues Signup and view all the answers

What should be modified when preparing a client for a cesarean delivery?

The depth and breadth of preoperative teaching based on circumstances. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most immediate concern for a client with PROM?

Loss of an effective defense against infection. Signup and view all the answers

What is an important characteristic to assess in male infertility?

Sperm motility and morphology Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to dystocia in labor?

Mechanical factors involving the pelvis or fetus. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following most accurately describes the signs of a severe urinary tract infection?

High fever, chills, and flank pain with nausea Signup and view all the answers

Which of these conditions may require immediate medical attention postpartum?

Signs of thrombophlebitis or DVT Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority action when a client experiences a uterine rupture?

Preventing and limiting hypovolemic shock. Signup and view all the answers

When can preterm labor be accurately classified?

After 20 weeks' gestation and before 37 weeks' gestation. Signup and view all the answers

What nursing responsibility involves reinforcing explanations before a cesarean delivery?

Discussing the surgery's expected outcomes. Signup and view all the answers

What role does the anesthesiology staff play during a cesarean delivery preparation?

Discussing the type of anesthesia to be used. Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is essential for a client experiencing dystocia?

Evaluating the contributing mechanical factors. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Identifying Adequate Sperm for Conception

Sperm motility is the most useful criterion for assessing sperm adequacy for conception.

Infertility Concerns in Couples

Nursing Diagnosis: Self-esteem disturbance related to infertility is the most pertinent diagnosis when a couple has been trying to conceive for two years, and their friends have successfully conceived.
Couple's Concerns: One partner's statement "We know several friends in our age group and all of them have their own child already, Why can't we have one?" highlights the couple's concerns about their inability to conceive.

Urinary Symptoms in Pregnant Women (First Trimester)

Frequency is the most frequent urinary symptom during the first trimester.

Causes of Heartburn and Flatulence in Pregnancy

Decreased intestinal motility is the most likely cause of heartburn and flatulence in the second trimester.

Areas for Chloasma Observation

The nurse would expect to observe chloasma on the cheeks, forehead, and nose.

Explanation for "Waddling" Gait in Pregnancy

The "waddling" gait is caused by relaxation of the pelvic joints due to pressure on pelvic muscles.

Average Weight Gain During Pregnancy

The average weight gain during pregnancy is 25 to 40 lb.

Cause of Aching, Swollen Leg Veins in Pregnancy

Pressure on blood vessels from the enlarging uterus is the most likely cause of aching, swollen leg veins.

Cervical Softening and Uterine Souffle Classification

Cervical softening and uterine souffle are classified as probable signs of pregnancy.

Presumptive Sign of Pregnancy

Skin pigmentation changes are a presumptive sign of pregnancy.

Common Emotional Reactions During First Trimester

Common emotional reactions during the first trimester include: introversion, egocentrism and narcissism.

Focus of Pregnancy Classes

During the second and third trimesters, classes focus on physiological changes, fetal development, sexuality during pregnancy and nutrition.

Disadvantages of Breastfeeding

Involution occurs more rapidly during breastfeeding.
The incidence of allergies may increase due to maternal antibodies.
The father may resent the infant's demands on the mother.
There is a greater chance of error during preparation.

False-Positive Pregnancy Test

A false-positive result may occur if the test is performed too early or too late after an abortion, if the urine sample is stored too long, or if a spontaneous or missed abortion is impending.

Auscultating Fetal Heart Rate (FHR)

FHR can be auscultated with a fetoscope starting at 10 weeks gestation.

Estimated Due Date (EDD) Calculation

EDD is calculated by adding 7 days to the first day of LMP, subtracting 3 months, and adding 1 year, if applicable.

Fundal Height and Gestational Age

A low fundal height may indicate gestation less than 12 weeks.

Antepartum Danger Signs

Danger signs like leaking amniotic fluid, vaginal bleeding, blurred vision and sudden weight gain should be reported promptly.

Significant Prenatal Laboratory Test

A normal hematocrit is 33.5%, a rubella titer of 1:8 or greater, a normal White blood cell count of 8000/mm3, and a one-hour glucose challenge test of less than 110g/dl.

Characteristics of True Labor Contractions

True labor contractions occur at irregular intervals, start in the back, intensify with walking and gradually shorten.

Stage of Labor in which Crowning Occurs

Crowning is assessed during the second stage of labor.

Reason for Not Using Barbiturates in Active Labor

Barbiturates aren't used for pain relief during active labor because they cross the placental barrier quickly and negatively affect the newborn.

Nursing Interventions During Third Stage of Labor

Obtaining a urine specimen and other laboratory tests, and assessing uterine contractions every 30 minutes.

Newborn's Thermoregulatory Actions

Placing the newborn under a radiant warmer to maintain body temperature.

Cardinal Movements Before Expulsion

Descent, flexion, extension, and external rotation of the fetal head.

Structures Connecting Right and Left Auricles

The foramen ovale connects the right and left auricles of the heart.

Reddish Diaper Stain Cause

Uric acid crystals in the urine can cause reddish stains on the diaper.

Newborn Heart Rate Ranges

A normal newborn heart rate while sleeping is 80 to 120 beats per minute; for an awake baby it would be between 120 to 160 beats per minute.

Fontanels of Newborn

The anterior fontanel is larger than the posterior fontanel. The anterior fontanel closes around 18 months while the posterior fontanel closes around 8 to 12 weeks. The anterior fontanel is triangular shaped, and the posterior fontanel is diamond shaped.

Newborn Reflexes

Blink, cough, root, sneeze, gag are present at birth.

Description of Babinski Reflex

The newborn’s toes will hyperextend and fan apart from dorsiflexion of the big toe when one side of the foot is stroked upward.

Hyperemesis Gravidarum Description

Severe nausea and vomiting leading to electrolyte, metabolic and nutritional imbalances in the absence of other medical problems.

Classic Signs of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH)

Edema of the hands and feet and face.

Spontaneous Abortion Types

Dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test may be a sign of a spontaneous abortion.

Factors that Predispose to Placenta Previa

Multiple gestation, uterine anomalies, and abdominal trauma.

Abruptio Placenta Description

Premature separation of a normal implanted placenta during the second half of pregnancy, commonly with severe hemorrhage.

Oxytocin Use During Induction

Tetanic contractions prolonged over 90 seconds, increased pain with vaginal bleeding and restlessness may happen if the uterus is overstimulated by oxytocin.

Key Concepts for Cesarean Delivery

Instructing the mother's support person to remain in the family lounge, arranging for an anesthesia department staff member to explain post-operative procedures, and considering the emotional needs of the client.

Description of Preterm Labor

Labor beginning between 20 weeks and 37 weeks gestation.

Evidence of Understanding PROM

Nursing care based on fetal viability, gestational age, and the chorion and amnion rupturing prior to labor.

Underlying Cause of Dystocia

Mechanical causes of dystocia are related to the fetus, uterus, or the pelvis.

Priority in Uterine Rupture Cases

Preventing and limiting hypovolemic shock.

Initial Action for Cord Prolapse

Placing the client on bed rest, often with the knee-chest position or by elevating the hips, to minimize pressure on the cord.

Postpartum Hemorrhage Criteria

500ml or more blood loss after childbirth.

Mastitis Predisposing Factor

Injury to the breast, such as overdistention, stasis, or cracking of the nipples.

Thrombophlebitis Description

Inflammation of the vascular endothelium of a vein with clot formation.

Cystitis Symptoms

Frequency, urgency, dysuria, nocturia, hematuria, flank pain, high fever, chills and suprapubic pain.

Postpartum "Blues" Frequency

Between 50% and 80% of all mothers experience some form of postpartum blues.

Additional Information

Additional information about the topics is provided.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers key aspects of nursing related to reproductive health, focusing on sperm adequacy, infertility concerns in couples, and urinary symptoms during pregnancy. Additionally, it addresses common issues like heartburn and flatulence experienced by pregnant women and the observation of chloasma. Test your knowledge on these critical topics in reproductive nursing care.