Nursing History and Theories

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of QSEN?

To prepare nurses with the competencies necessary to continuously improve the quality and safety of the healthcare systems in which they work

What are the five vital signs?

Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing communication?

Patient's past history (correct)

Patient's values

Roles & Relationships

Gender

Cultural/Language

Environment

Altered Sensory Perception

Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic communication skill?

Sharing Personal Opinions Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a sign of Erythema?

Sacrum Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a sign of dehydration?

Dryness Signup and view all the answers

What does ABCDE stand for in melanoma assessment?

Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a health assessment?

To establish a database of the patient's abilities, interpret physical data and compare findings laterally with normal, decide on interventions based on data obtained Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of documentation strategy?

PIE Signup and view all the answers

An incident report is part of the patient's chart.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of patient records?

Communication, diagnostic and therapeutic orders, care planning, quality process and performance improvement, research; decision analysis, education, credentialing, regulation, and legislation, reimbursement, legal and historical documentation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an unintentional tort?

Negligence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in implementing evidence-based practice?

Develop a research study to test a new intervention Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of PICO?

Person, population, or problem of interest; Intervention of interest; Comparison of interest; Outcome of interest Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between systole and diastole?

Systole is the contraction of the heart muscle, which pumps blood out to the body. Diastole is the relaxation of the heart muscle, which allows the heart to fill with blood. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of a cardiovascular assessment?

Percussion Signup and view all the answers

Which heart sound is auscultated as "lub"?

S1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of venous insufficiency?

Warmth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for osteoporosis?

High estrogen levels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of phlebitis?

Coolness Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of breath sounds?

Crackles, Rhonchi, Wheezes, Stridor Signup and view all the answers

What are Biot's respirations associated with?

Intracranial pressure & respiratory compromise Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Florence Nightingale

Founder of modern nursing
Introduced nursing education
Began research during the Crimean War (handwashing)
Noticed the relationship between environment and health

Dorothea Dix

Established the Nurse Corps in the US Army

Clara Barton

Organized the American Red Cross

Nursing Theorists

Nightingale: environmental theory (fresh air, sunlight, nutrition)
Peplau: interpersonal relationships
Rogers: energy fields in the environment (holistic)
Henderson: patient independence
Orem: self-care theory
King: goal attainment theory
Neuman: response to stress
Roy: adaptive responses to health

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A theory of human motivation
Describes levels of needs (physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-actualization)

ABCs

A mnemonic for prioritizing care in emergency situations
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

QSEN

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
Purposes: prepare nurses with safety and quality competencies

QSEN Competencies

Patient-Centered Care
Teamwork and Collaboration
Evidence-Based Practice
Quality Improvement
Safety

Communication Techniques

Open-ended questions
Validating/clarifying
Reflective listening
Silence
General leads

Communication Congruence

Verbal and nonverbal communication should match for effective communication
80% of communication is nonverbal

Factors Influencing Communication

Gender
Culture & language
Sensory perception/values
Environmental factors (emotional state)

Nurse-Client Relationship Phases

Orientation: establishing trust and rapport
Working phase: implementing interventions
Termination phase: ending the relationship professionally

Vital Sign Assessment

Temperature: Oral, Tympanic, Axillary, Rectal, Temporal
Pulse: Radial, Apical
Respiration Rate
Blood Pressure

Pain Assessment

OLDCARTS: (Onset, Location, Duration, Character, Aggravating Factors, Relieving Factors, Treatment, Severity)

Additional Topics

Information and technology
Nursing diagnosis
Health assessment types
Assessment of values/ beliefs, coping, stress tolerance, sexuality, reproduction
Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
Neurological assessment (cranial nerves, reflexes)
Skin assessment (color, moisture, texture, turgor)
Various methods of vital sign assessment
Physical assessment of head, eyes, ears, nose, throat, neck, etc.
Skin, hair, nails assessment
Peripheral vascular assessment

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Description

Explore the contributions of key figures in nursing, such as Florence Nightingale and Clara Barton, along with important nursing theories like Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. This quiz will test your knowledge on nursing education, historical advancements, and foundational theories that shape modern nursing practices. Discover how these elements interconnect in healthcare.