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Questions and Answers
Nursing is the art and science of promoting, restoring, and maintaining the health of ______.
Nursing is the art and science of promoting, restoring, and maintaining the health of ______.
clients
Nursing is founded on a knowledge base supported by ______-based theory.
Nursing is founded on a knowledge base supported by ______-based theory.
evidence
The growth of nursing is characterized by its evolution into a recognized ______.
The growth of nursing is characterized by its evolution into a recognized ______.
profession
The primary goal of nursing is to promote and ______ the health of clients.
The primary goal of nursing is to promote and ______ the health of clients.
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Nursing combines both ______ and science to provide care.
Nursing combines both ______ and science to provide care.
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Nursing may go back less than ______ years.
Nursing may go back less than ______ years.
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The early origins of nursing are intertwined with ancient ______ and cultures.
The early origins of nursing are intertwined with ancient ______ and cultures.
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Like those of nursing, the origins of ______ are also ancient.
Like those of nursing, the origins of ______ are also ancient.
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Nursing has connections to the ancient civilizations of the ______.
Nursing has connections to the ancient civilizations of the ______.
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Early nursing practices are part of a broader history of human ______.
Early nursing practices are part of a broader history of human ______.
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The life of primitive societies and ancient cultures was a ______ one.
The life of primitive societies and ancient cultures was a ______ one.
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Health practices varied depending on the level of ______ of a society.
Health practices varied depending on the level of ______ of a society.
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Ancient cultures had diverse health practices based on their societal ______.
Ancient cultures had diverse health practices based on their societal ______.
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Primitive societies often relied on ______ for their health care needs.
Primitive societies often relied on ______ for their health care needs.
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The migration patterns of ancient cultures often influenced their access to ______.
The migration patterns of ancient cultures often influenced their access to ______.
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The nurse was regarded as the most ______ of servants.
The nurse was regarded as the most ______ of servants.
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Pay was ______, the hours were long, and the work was strenuous.
Pay was ______, the hours were long, and the work was strenuous.
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Nursing care was not subject to ______ and was not governed by standards.
Nursing care was not subject to ______ and was not governed by standards.
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The work was ______ and demanding for nurses.
The work was ______ and demanding for nurses.
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Nursing was not governed by ______.
Nursing was not governed by ______.
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Both men and women have historically been involved in ______ within Islamic societies.
Both men and women have historically been involved in ______ within Islamic societies.
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Modern ______: Nursing remains a respected profession for Muslims today.
Modern ______: Nursing remains a respected profession for Muslims today.
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Both men and women participate in ______ as a profession.
Both men and women participate in ______ as a profession.
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In Islamic societies, nursing has been a role filled by both ______ and women.
In Islamic societies, nursing has been a role filled by both ______ and women.
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Today, nursing is viewed as a ______ profession among Muslims.
Today, nursing is viewed as a ______ profession among Muslims.
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The servant image of the nurse was created by the Protestant-______ ethic.
The servant image of the nurse was created by the Protestant-______ ethic.
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Women have carried the major responsibility for ______ children.
Women have carried the major responsibility for ______ children.
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Women also take care of elderly and ______ members of the family.
Women also take care of elderly and ______ members of the family.
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The period referred to in the content spans from the 16th to the ______ century.
The period referred to in the content spans from the 16th to the ______ century.
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The image of a nurse is often associated with a ______ role in society.
The image of a nurse is often associated with a ______ role in society.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Nursing's Growth
- Nursing is a blend of art and science, focusing on improving, restoring, and maintaining client health through evidence-based theories.
- Nursing evolved from mystical beliefs towards sophisticated technology and care.
- Nursing now incorporates caring behaviors, critical thinking, and scientific knowledge.
- Nursing promotes health and assists clients in improving wellness, providing comfort and dignity during terminal illnesses.
Studying Nursing History
- Understanding nursing history is crucial for comprehending the profession today.
- Nurses can learn from the past, identify solutions to current issues, and develop future goals.
- Key factors in nursing history include autonomy, unity within the profession, education, supply and demand, and current practice.
Historical Overview
- Nursing has no specific start date; its origins intertwine with ancient civilizations' healthcare practices.
- Early nursing practices, similar to medicine, are deeply rooted in ancient cultures and societies.
Healthcare in Ancient Cultures
- Ancient cultures relied on nomadic lifestyles.
- Health practices varied, reflecting different societal development levels.
- Healing practices commonly involved rituals, worship, and the belief in evil spirits causing illness.
- Curative agents dealt with evil spirits through ceremonies, making offerings, taboos, and working with medicine men using magic.
- A scientific understanding of illness was absent.
- Medicines and healthcare were closely tied to culture and beliefs.
Three Heritages Impeding Nursing's Development
- Muriel Uprichard identified three significant historical factors hindering the professionalization of nursing: folk, religious, and servant images.
- The perceived folk image of nursing stems from primitive times and depicts nursing as a caregiving role largely reliant on practical experience.
- The medieval, religious view of nursing highlights nursing's association with religious orders and duties within religious institutions.
- The "servant image" links nursing to domestic work, emphasizing low status, long hours, and poor compensation.
The Folk Image of the Nurse
- Women primarily held responsibility for nurturing family members, particularly children and the elderly.
- Nurses were seen as individuals who proactively addressed patient needs through observation and trial and error methods.
- Nursing knowledge was handed down through observation, practice, and communal sharing.
The Religious Image of the Nurse
- Nursing's historical link to Christianity and the formation of religious orders is noted.
- Early religious orders focused on caring for the sick, poor, orphans, widows, the elderly, slaves, and prisoners.
- Nursing was closely tied to religion and required strict discipline and obedience, placing little value on personal considerations like compensation.
- The importance of devotion to patients in religious contexts is highlighted.
The Servant Image of the Nurse
- Women often sought paid work as domestic servants during the Renaissance and Reformation, and nursing was seen as a simple extension of domestic service.
- Nurses were regarded as the least valued servants, facing poor compensation, extensive hours, and demanding work.
- Standards for nursing care were not typically upheld; care practices lacked accountability.
- The image of nursing as a domestic service persisting into the 20th century is recognized.
Industrial Revolution
- The Industrial Revolution led to increased factory production, marked by poor working conditions, long hours, and unsafe environments for factory workers.
- Medical schools in London and elsewhere were created in the 1800s.
- Nursing care during this period remained mostly within the home, carried out by female relatives.
Nursing as a Profession
- Florence Nightingale played a significant role in the advancement of nursing as a profession in the late 19th century.
- Nightingale was born in 1820 and died in 1910.
Florence Nightingale's Accomplishments
- Nightingale improved hospital hygiene, especially during the Crimean War.
- Her work emphasized cleanliness, sanitation, proper nutrition, and improved water supply for the care of patients.
- She revolutionised nursing standards and practices at home.
- She was a pioneer in nursing education, authoring influential nursing texts including "Notes on Nursing".
- Nightingale established nursing schools and trained many nurses.
- She was a respected figure in nursing, acting as a reformer, philosopher, statistician, historian, and much more.
Nightingale's Recommended Concepts
- Promoted a systematic approach to patient assessment.
- Emphasized individualized care.
- Advocated for patient confidentiality.
Nightingale's Seven Basic Tenets
- The content of nursing education is outlined by nurses.
- Educators must be qualified nurses.
- Nursing schools should be independent from medical institutions.
- Nurses should embrace continued education and lifelong learning.
- Nursing incorporates both patient care and health practices.
- Nursing must include theoretical principles.
Nursing in the 20th Century
- The 20th century witnessed significant developments influencing contemporary nursing practices.
- Crucial reports and standards for nursing education and care delivery emerged.
- Visiting nurses and their protocols were established.
- Healthcare initiatives for the elderly and indigent were introduced.
Nursing Pioneers and Leaders
- Linda Richards: First nurse to graduate from the first US nursing school, introducing formal education, records, and uniform requirements.
- Mary Mahoney: First African American registered nurse, promoting respect for cultural diversity in nursing.
- Lillian Wald: Pioneer in community health nursing, focusing on improving living conditions and education for underprivileged populations.
Nursing in Islam
- Islam has a rich historical tradition in nursing, emphasising care for the sick and vulnerable as an act of worship.
- Rufaida Al-Aslamia is historically recognized as a prominent Muslim nurse.
- Islamic hospitals traditionally emphasized gender-specific care units.
- Nursing within Islamic societies holds a significant place, respecting and upholding ethical considerations.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the foundations and evolution of nursing as both an art and a science. This quiz will cover the historical connections of nursing to ancient cultures and health practices. Explore how nursing has developed over time and its significance in promoting health.
