Nursing Fundamentals: Medication and Patient Care

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Questions and Answers

Which factor contributes to better absorption of medication?

Good blood flow (correct)

Increased toxicity levels

Lower surface area

Higher temperature storage

What is a potential risk associated with using medications that are highly lipid soluble?

Increased rate of administration

High toxicity risk (correct)

Decreased absorption

Reduced effectiveness

What should be done if a patient experiences nausea during medication administration?

Discontinue all medications

Switch to a solid form of the medication

Increase the dosage

Administer pain medication (correct)

How should medications that are sensitive to temperature be stored?

In a refrigerator Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to differentiate between similar pills?

To avoid accidental overdose Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a non-continuous method of IV administration?

SLOW IV push followed by disconnecting Signup and view all the answers

What should you assess regarding a patient's ability before administering medication?

Their history of previous medications Signup and view all the answers

What may cause difficulty in administering medications to dehydrated patients?

Their reduced blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What can be a complication of urinary retention?

Infection from catheterization Signup and view all the answers

What might be a common symptom of constipation?

Difficulty passing stool Signup and view all the answers

What approach can assist in managing certain diseases in burn patients?

High protein diet Signup and view all the answers

What risk is associated with the use of a Foley bag?

Higher risk for infection Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely consequence of improper management of gastric residuals in tube feeding?

Increased risk of aspiration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding nutrient absorption?

The small intestine is critical for nutrient absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the consequences of high fluid intake without adequate bowel movement?

Liquid stool Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the body's storage of vitamins?

Certain vitamins cannot be stored and need daily intake Signup and view all the answers

What physiological condition is likely to occur due to the narrowing of the airway?

Asthma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions may result in impaired gas exchange?

Narrowing of the airway Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a broken rib on respiratory function?

Impairs lung expansion Signup and view all the answers

How does the body primarily compensate for increased heart rate during respiratory distress?

By improving oxygen delivery Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors can alter lung function?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen levels when hemoglobin binds with oxygen?

Oxygen is transported throughout the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after forced expiration known as?

Expiratory reserve volume Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would the oxygenation of blood be adversely affected?

Experiencing pulmonary edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the aortic valve during the cardiac cycle?

It prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle during diastole. Signup and view all the answers

What can indicate narrowed vessels in the circulatory system?

Decreased oxygen supply to tissues. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is most closely associated with a heart attack?

Clogged coronary arteries. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of low oxygen supply in the body?

Numbness in the limbs. Signup and view all the answers

How does one typically manage a bronchodilator administration?

It is used to reduce airway constriction. Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by hardening and stiffening of the heart valves?

Aortic stenosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?

Obesity. Signup and view all the answers

What is typically indicated by a decreased volume of blood ejected during systole?

Possible heart failure. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medication Administration

Medications can be administered by mouth, nose, or stomach.
Medications should be stored in a refrigerator and can melt if not refrigerated.
Before irrigating, use pain medication.
Medications can be administered through an IV.

Patient Care

Ensure hydration for patients, especially those with dehydration.
Monitor and track fluid intake and urine output.
Watch for signs of infection.
Monitor for pain, especially in the legs and calves.
Ensure patients have adequate mobility and assistive devices for safe movement.
Understand and address potential complications related to wound care (e.g., infection, leakage)
Watch for signs of compromised circulation (e.g., numbness, tingling, changes in skin color).
Address potential causes of pain and investigate whether it relates to medication changes.

Respiratory System

Understand the role of the respiratory system in gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide).
Analyze the mechanics of breathing: inhalation, exhalation, and the role of muscles in breathing.
Identify factors that can affect lung function (e.g., asthma, choking, pulmonary edema, broken ribs, lung capacity).
Understand the role of surfactant in maintaining lung surface tension.
Recognize signs of respiratory distress (e.g., shortness of breath, wheezing, nasal flaring, use of accessory muscles).

Cardiovascular System

Understand the function of the heart and circulatory system (blood transport, oxygenation)
Identify components of the heart and their functions (e.g., atria, ventricles, valves, coronary arteries).
Analyze key terms related to cardiac function (e.g., heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, ejection fraction, blood pressure).
Analyze cardiac disorders (e.g., heart murmurs, coronary artery disease, heart attack).

Blood and Hemoglobin

Understand the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport.
Understand the effects of hemoglobin levels on oxygenation.
Identify factors that can affect hemoglobin levels, including altitude, disease, and medications.

Oxygenation and Respiratory Issues

Recognize signs of poor oxygenation (e.g., fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion).
Understand the physiological response to low oxygen (e.g., increased heart rate, sweating, blue discoloration of skin).
Identify potential causes of poor oxygenation (e.g., anemia, altitude, respiratory diseases).
Relate respiratory conditions to potential causes of oxygen deprivation.

Medications and their Effects

Identify common reasons for medication administration.
Understand common side effects of medications.
Distinguish between medications with similar appearances.
Understand the importance of proper medication storage and administration.

Nursing Considerations

Assess patient needs and ability to administer medications.
Ensure patient communication and understanding of medication regimens.
Monitor for medication effectiveness and any potential side effects.
Promote safe medication administration and support patient education on medication use.
Understand the importance of careful documentation and record-keeping.
Ensure patient safety during all phases of medication administration.

Gastrointestinal System

Understand the function of the gut and its role in digestion.
Identify issues that affect normal gut function (e.g., constipation, diarrhea, nausea, aspiration, etc.)
Relate potential medication effects to bowel function.
Recognize and respond to signs and symptoms of compromised bowel function.

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Description

Test your knowledge on essential nursing practices including medication administration, patient care management, and understanding of the respiratory system. This quiz covers best practices for hydration, monitoring vital signs, and effective medication storage. Delve into the intricacies of providing quality care for your patients.