Nursing Ethical Principles and Patient Rights
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following leadership styles involves making decisions independently and exercising close control over staff?

  • Authoritarian Leadership (correct)
  • Democratic Leadership
  • Laissez-Faire Leadership
  • Transformational Leadership
  • A patient who is terminally ill has expressed their desire for a "Do Not Resuscitate" (DNR) order. Based on ethical principles, the nurse should:

  • Respect the patient's decision, even if family members disagree, as long as the patient has provided informed consent. (correct)
  • Ignore the patient's request and proceed with resuscitation efforts if necessary.
  • Convince the patient to rethink their decision, as it might be a difficult time to make such a choice.
  • Consult with the primary care provider first to determine the appropriate course of action.
  • A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. This scenario exemplifies which ethical principle?

  • Nonmaleficence
  • Fidelity
  • Autonomy (correct)
  • Justice
  • Which leadership style is best characterized by empowering team members and fostering a positive change environment?

    <p>Transformational Leadership (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following situations demonstrates a violation of the ethical principle of veracity?

    <p>A nurse disclosing a patient's medical information to an unauthorized individual. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a patient from a different cultural background. What is the most important factor to consider when providing culturally competent care?

    <p>The patient's family structure and decision-making processes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario best illustrates the ethical principle of justice?

    <p>A nurse provides all patients with equal access to healthcare resources, regardless of their socioeconomic status. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is working on a unit with a new team member. The nurse takes the time to guide and mentor the new nurse, providing them with support and resources. This demonstrates which leadership style?

    <p>Informal Leadership (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a fundamental ethical principle in nursing practice?

    <p>Compassion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing bedside care to a patient who is experiencing significant pain. The nurse notices that the patient's pain medication is overdue. Which ethical principle is the nurse primarily considering?

    <p>Nonmaleficence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing care to a patient who refuses blood transfusions due to religious beliefs. Which legal principle is most directly relevant to this situation?

    <p>Patient self-determination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions directly contributes to a nurse's potential liability for malpractice?

    <p>Failing to document a patient's change in condition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing end-of-life care to a patient with a DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order. Which of the following actions is most consistent with ethical and legal obligations in this situation?

    <p>Honoring the DNR order and providing comfort care only. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a patient who requests alternative therapies for pain management instead of traditional medication. The nurse should prioritize which of the following actions?

    <p>Educating the patient on the risks and benefits of both traditional and alternative therapies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse experiences a conflict with a physician regarding a patient's care plan. Which of the following strategies is most conducive to resolving the conflict effectively?

    <p>Seeking guidance from a senior nurse or supervisor to mediate the situation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse notices a medication error was made on a patient's chart. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

    <p>Filing an occurrence report to document the incident. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary responsibility of the State Board of Nursing?

    <p>Developing and implementing national nursing research projects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is working on a unit where there are frequent staffing shortages. Which of these actions could potentially contribute to a legal claim against the nurse?

    <p>Providing inadequate patient care due to insufficient staffing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is involved in a conflict with a patient's family regarding treatment decisions. Which of the following approaches is most likely to lead to a positive resolution?

    <p>Facilitating a communication forum to address the family's concerns and understand their perspective. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is working on a unit with a high patient acuity level. Which of the following demonstrates critical thinking skills in this situation?

    <p>Assessing each patient's needs and implementing individualized care plans. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Nonmaleficence

    The duty to avoid causing harm to patients, intentionally or unintentionally.

    Autonomy

    Respecting a patient's right to make their own healthcare decisions.

    Justice

    Fairness in treatment and equitable allocation of resources.

    Fidelity

    The duty to keep promises and commitments made to patients.

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    Veracity

    The duty to tell the truth and be honest with patients.

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    DNR Orders

    Respecting Do Not Resuscitate orders made with informed consent.

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    Informed Consent

    Patients have the right to withdraw consent at any time before procedures.

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    Cultural Competency

    Understanding and respecting diverse cultural perspectives in healthcare.

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    Transformational Leadership

    Leadership focused on empowering others and creating positive changes.

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    Emotional Intelligence

    The ability to manage emotions and resolve conflicts effectively in leadership.

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    Nurse Licensure

    Regulated by the State Board of Nursing; ensures standards are met.

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    Nurse Practice Acts

    Laws defining nursing scope in each state; essential for compliance.

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    Malpractice

    Legal claim against a nurse for negligence or lack of care.

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    End-of-Life Care

    Respecting patients' wishes about life-prolonging treatments.

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    Managing Medical Errors

    Report incidents to improve safety and prevent recurrence.

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    Cultural Conflicts

    Conflicts arising from differing cultural values in patient care.

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    Interpersonal Conflict

    Conflicts between individuals, often due to misunderstandings.

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    Interprofessional Conflict

    Disputes between different professional groups in healthcare.

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    Clinical Judgment

    Utilizing critical thinking to assess and prioritize patient care.

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    Problem-Solving

    Synthesizing data and evaluating options to improve outcomes.

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    Study Notes

    Ethical Principles in Nursing Practice

    • Nonmaleficence: Avoid harming patients, intentionally or unintentionally.
    • Autonomy: Respect patient's right to make healthcare decisions.
    • Justice: Fair treatment, including equitable resource allocation (e.g., organ transplants).
    • Fidelity: Keep promises and commitments to patients.
    • Veracity: Be honest and truthful with patients.

    Patient Rights and Advocacy

    • DNR Orders: Respect Do Not Resuscitate orders, even if family members disagree, if the patient made the decision with informed consent.
    • Informed Consent: Patients have the right to withdraw from treatment at any time. Nurses must inform the provider if the patient changes their mind.
    • Cultural Competency: Understand and respect diverse cultural perspectives, which may influence care refusals.

    Leadership in Nursing

    • Transformational Leadership: Empower others to achieve potential and create positive change.
    • Democratic Leadership: Include staff in decision-making (e.g., hiring, care planning).
    • Authoritarian Leadership: Independent decision-making, tight control (potentially less effective in healthcare).
    • Laissez-Faire Leadership: Hands-off approach, may work with experienced teams but could lead to confusion or lack of accountability.
    • Informal Leadership: Influence without formal position, inspire and guide others.
    • Emotional Intelligence: Use emotional awareness for conflict resolution and stress management.
    • Nurse Licensure: Regulated by state boards, establishes nursing practice standards and criteria.
    • Nurse Practice Acts: Define scope of practice in each state; nurses must follow relevant acts.

    Patient Care Scenarios

    • End-of-Life Care: Respect patient wishes (advance directives and durable power of attorney).
    • Managing Medical Errors: Report errors and file occurrence reports to improve safety.
    • Handling Cultural Conflicts: Advocate for patients while respecting cultural values.

    Conflict in Nursing

    • Interpersonal Conflict: Issues between individuals (e.g., nurses, patients), due to personality clashes or miscommunication.
    • Interprofessional Conflict: Issues between professionals (e.g., nurses, doctors, pharmacists), from differing opinions or expertise.

    Critical Thinking and Decision-Making

    • Clinical Judgment: Use critical thinking to assess situations, especially patient care priority.
    • Problem-Solving: Synthesize data, consult stakeholders, and evaluate options for improving outcomes.

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    Related Documents

    NSG4552 Exam Study Guide PDF

    Description

    Explore the core ethical principles that guide nursing practice, including nonmaleficence, autonomy, justice, and fidelity. This quiz also covers patient rights and advocacy, ensuring nurses understand the importance of informed consent and cultural competency. Test your knowledge on transformational and democratic leadership within nursing.

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