Nursing Education: Client-Centered Learning

Learning Objectives

• Explore the goals of client-centered education
• Discuss client-centered learning and L.E.A.R.N.S (RNAO)
• Describe the three learning domains
• Examine the Transtheoretical Model of Change
• Describe the role of the nurse in health teaching
• Discuss factors affecting a client's readiness and ability to learn
• Examine the characteristics of different learning styles according to developmental stage and in terms of cultural diversity
• Relate the teaching process to the nursing process and clinical judgement model
• Analyze health literacy and its impact on health

CNA (2017) Code of Ethics

• Patients have the right to make informed decisions about their care
• Information for patients must be accurate, complete, and relevant to their needs
• Nurses should anticipate patient needs for information based on their overall condition (physical, mental, emotional, spiritual), identified risks, and interprofessional treatment plans

Health Teaching

• A focused form of instructional dialogue used in client-centered relationships
• The purpose is to provide clients and families with knowledge and life skills needed to make good decisions, slow or prevent progression of illness and promote the highest possible quality of life

Outcomes of Client Education

• Maintaining and Promoting Health and Preventing Illness
• Health Restoration
• Coping with impaired functioning

Three Learning Domains

• Cognitive: Understanding the content. A prerequisite for changing attitudes and developing the mastery of psychomotor skills
• Affective: Changing attitudes and promoting acceptance
• Psychomotor: Hands-on skills development

Role of the Nurse in Health Teaching

• Nurses act as guides, coaching on actions to improve overall health
• Nurses are information providers, teaching patients how to better care for themselves
• Nurses support clients by connecting them to appropriate community supports and offering knowledgeable emotional support to minimize the impact of temporary setbacks

Role of Nurse in Teaching and Learning

• The nurse's role in patient education is multifaceted
• It involves creating and adapting the learning environment to facilitate learning
• Use a patient-centered approach to assess the learning needs of patients
• Using the most appropriate educational strategy

Explore the Goals of Client Centered Education

• Engaging clients as active participants in the learning process
• Ensuring that health teaching interventions are supportive of the client's preferences and values in order to achieve positive clinical outcomes
• Introduce participatory strategies which build on client's personal strengths
• Collaborative learning environments allow nurses to offer sufficient information, specific instruction and emotional support to clients
• The teacher must start where the learner is, while supporting the learner's natural desire to learn

Facilitating Client-Centered Learning

• Emphasizes social constructivism, safe and shame-free learning environment
• Incorporates active listening, establishing relationships, and tailoring approaches to individual needs
• Includes reinforcing health literacy, building knowledge and skills, and supporting self-management strategies.

RNAO LE.A.R.N.S

• A foundation for client-centered learning based on four pillars
• Client-Centered Care: Fundamental aspect of client-centered learning
• Promoting Health Literacy: Encouraging individuals to understand health information
• Building Knowledge and Skills: Helping clients to acquire essential health information and practical skills
• Supporting Self-Management Strategies: Equipping clients with control over their health care

Check for Understanding

• Client recalls and comprehends
• Nurse assesses client recall, comprehension, and/or skill
• Nurse explains or demonstrates new concept and/or skill
• Nurse clarifies and tailors explanation and/or demonstration
• Nurse reassesses client recall, comprehension, and/or skill

Comparison of Nursing Process, Clinical Judgement Model and Teaching Processes

• Outlines the overlapping aspects of the nursing process, clinical judgement, and teaching processes, focusing on assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. These aspects are applied specifically to nursing care, encompassing factors like learning style, family participation and health literacy.

Examine the Transtheoretical Model of Change

• A model used to explore a person's motivational readiness to intentionally change health habits
• Stages of change: Pre-contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance.

Discuss factors affecting a client's readiness and ability to learn

• Factors such as level of anxiety, physical ability, comorbid health problems, crisis and life transitions can impact learning, as can level of social support, health literacy, developmental level and cultural awareness.

Culture & Developmental Stage: Learning Styles and Health Literacy

• Explore how culture and developmental stage influence learning styles and health literacy.
• Analyze how nurses can integrate these factors into the teaching process.

Learning Styles

• Visual: Learns best by seeing, likes demonstrations, writes things down to organize thoughts
• Auditory: Learns best with verbal instructions, details are less important, talks things through.
• Kinesthetic: Learns best by doing, hands-on activities, needs action, and likes to touch and feel.

Health Literacy

• The ability to use printed and written information in society to achieve one's goals and develop one's knowledge
• Almost 9 million Canadians have serious reading, writing, and math problems.
• Importance of health literacy in health care, often related to medication adherence. It encompasses related skills like prose, document, and numerical literacy abilities, that are required to understand and utilize health information.
• Factors that influence health literacy include culture and developmental stage.
• Importance of health literacy for achieving positive health outcomes.

Next Week: Canadian Healthcare System

• A preview of the next week’s topic: Canadian Healthcare System

Test your knowledge on client-centered education in nursing. This quiz covers essential models like L.E.A.R.N.S, learning domains, and the critical roles of nurses in facilitating health education. Understand the stages of change and how they impact a client's ability to learn.