Nursing Communication and Risk Factors Quiz

Nursing Prioritization and Scope of Practice

• ABCs: Airway, Breathing, Circulation — critical framework for prioritizing patient care.
• Factors influencing prioritization include problem urgency, future consequences, patient preference, and computer-assisted diagnosing.
• RN scope of practice involves tasks like turning patients, providing comfort, assisting with ADLs, and patient education without needing a doctor's order.
• If asked to perform outside their scope, nurses should refer to facility policies and use the chain of command.

Prevention Levels

• Primary Prevention: Aims to prevent disease onset. Examples include healthy eating, exercising, and vaccinations.
• Secondary Prevention: Focuses on early disease detection through screenings (e.g., mammograms, blood pressure checks).
• Tertiary Prevention: Targets minimizing disease progression and rehabilitation, including support groups and rehab programs.

Nursing Process (ADPIE)

• The nursing process is a cyclical model made up of Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.
• Assessment: Involves collecting subjective and objective data directly from the patient (primary) or secondary sources (e.g., medical records).
• Diagnosis: Focuses on identifying health patterns through critical-thinking, establishing a nursing diagnosis, and distinguishing it from medical diagnoses.
• Planning: Entails setting patient-centered goals, ongoing adjustments, and discharge planning to promote self-care post-discharge.
• Implementation: Actual performance of planned interventions requires effective documentation and delegation.
• Evaluation: Assesses patient outcomes and the effectiveness of nursing care, employing structure, process, and outcomes evaluation.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

• Hierarchical model prioritizing needs from physiological requirements to self-actualization.

HIPAA Compliance

• HIPAA protects patient privacy, regulating health information management.
• Ensure privacy by logging off computers, avoiding public discussions about patients, and obtaining consent before searching belongings.

Nursing Attributes

• Essential attributes: honesty, integrity, advocacy, effective communication, prioritization, and responsibility.

Therapeutic Communication

• Importance of creating a comfortable environment during sensitive assessments, such as sexual health.
• Techniques include active listening, sharing empathy and hope, and providing relevant information.
• Recognizing nonverbal cues and allowing patient expression are critical components.

Risk Factors

• Modifiable Factors: Can be changed (e.g., diet and stress).
• Nonmodifiable Factors: Cannot be altered (e.g., family history, genetics).

Nursing as a Profession

• Nursing requires technical knowledge, peer evaluation, service orientation, and adherence to a code of ethics.
• Promoting professional recognition involves standardized education, continued learning, and public education about nursing roles.

Ethical Principles in Nursing

• Nonmaleficence: Avoiding harm; Autonomy: Supporting patient choice; Justice: Ensuring fair treatment; Beneficence: Promoting good; Veracity: Honesty; Fidelity: Keeping promises.

Nurse Practice Act

• Regulatory framework establishing the laws governing nursing practice in individual states.

Cultural Awareness in Nursing

• Recognition of cultural influences on patient behavior and decision-making.
• Incorporating cultural competence in care allows for respect and acceptance of diverse values and beliefs.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

• BMI assesses body fat using height and weight measurements, categorized into underweight, healthy, overweight, and obese.

Wellness-Illness Continuum

• A spectrum that illustrates the varying states of health influenced by biological, nutritional, and lifestyle factors.

Immunizations for Older Adults

• Recommended vaccinations include annual influenza and pneumonia vaccines, critical for middle-aged adults.

Healthy People 2030

• A national initiative setting goals to lower preventable health risks and reduce health disparities.

Delegation in Nursing

• Delegation entails transferring responsibilities while maintaining accountability for outcomes, distinct from simple task assignments.
• The five rights of delegation: Right Task, Right Circumstance, Right Direction, Right Person, Right Supervision.

Delegable Tasks to Assistive Personnel

• Vital signs for stable patients, acknowledging the importance of appropriate task delegation in nursing practice.### Patient Care Activities
• Feeding, grooming, bathing, and toileting can be delegated based on UAP, facility, and its policies.
• Turning and ambulating patients are essential aspects of patient mobility and comfort.
• Stocking supplies ensures that necessary items are available for patient care.
• Secretarial tasks include documentation and communication essential for patient management.

Client Advocacy

• Client advocacy involves supporting patients’ right to make healthcare decisions and protecting those unable to decide.
• Nurses play a crucial role in ensuring patient autonomy and safety through advocacy.

Definition of Nursing

• Developing a nursing definition helps clarify the profession's value and distinguishes it from medicine.
• Understanding nursing expectations aids students in grasping their future responsibilities.

Direct vs Indirect Care

• Direct care interventions involve direct interactions and may include physical care, emotional support, and patient education.
• Indirect care interventions include advocacy, referrals, and environmental management on behalf of the patient.

Self-Concept

• Self-concept is an individual's overall view of themselves, shaped by evaluations of physical appearance, abilities, and social roles.
• Components include body image, self-esteem, role performance, and personal identity.
• Factors influencing self-concept are gender, family, socioeconomic status, and peer relationships.

ANA Code of Ethics

• The ANA Code of Ethics provides guidelines for acceptable nursing conduct, ensuring ethical practice.

Health Screenings

• Health screenings aim to promote well-being and detect diseases in early stages for timely intervention.

Definition of Illness

• Illness is defined as a disruption in usual feelings or life, often reflecting personal perceptions influenced by attitudes and lifestyle choices.

Communication with Non-English-Speaking Patients

• Utilize facility interpreters or translation software for effective communication with non-English speakers.
• Avoid using untrained family members or staff as interpreters to ensure accuracy.

Characteristics of Vulnerable Populations

• Vulnerable populations face increased health risks due to limited access to care and various socio-environmental stressors.
• Subgroups include the homeless, economically disadvantaged, mentally ill, elderly, and specific ethnic/racial minorities.

Fall Risk Assessment and Education

• The Morse Fall Scale is a rapid tool for assessing fall risk.
• Strategies to reduce falls include removing hazards, utilizing mobility aids, and implementing alerts such as “fall risk” bands.

Interprofessional Team Members

• An effective healthcare team includes nurses, nurse practitioners, physicians, allied health professionals, pharmacists, dieticians, and social workers.
• Nurses assess patients and provide care, while nurses' aides assist under supervision.
• Allied health professionals like physical therapists and psychologists focus on rehabilitation and psychosocial support.

Home Safety Measures

• Common hazards at home include poisoning, fire risks, falls, and suffocation.
• Safety measures include installing smoke alarms, safe storage of medications, and secure handling of firearms.

Hospital Safety Measures

• RACE protocol for fire safety: Rescue, Alarm, Contain, and Extinguish.
• Seizure precautions include ensuring safety equipment is available, protecting the patient, and avoiding mouth placement during seizures.
• Fall precautions mirror education on home safety, emphasizing removal of hazards and safety aids.