Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the optic nerve?
What is the primary function of the optic nerve?
What is the structure that converts light impulses to nerve signals?
What is the structure that converts light impulses to nerve signals?
What is the function of the oculomotor nerve?
What is the function of the oculomotor nerve?
What is the structure that is responsible for focusing light rays?
What is the structure that is responsible for focusing light rays?
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What is the diameter of the globe?
What is the diameter of the globe?
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What type of vision allows visualization of objects directly in front of you?
What type of vision allows visualization of objects directly in front of you?
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What is the structure that forms the outermost layer of the eye?
What is the structure that forms the outermost layer of the eye?
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What is the primary function of the lacrimal apparatus?
What is the primary function of the lacrimal apparatus?
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What is a common symptom of a serious ocular condition?
What is a common symptom of a serious ocular condition?
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What is the primary cause of bacterial conjunctivitis?
What is the primary cause of bacterial conjunctivitis?
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What is the primary goal of treatment for blepharitis?
What is the primary goal of treatment for blepharitis?
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What is a risk factor for keratitis?
What is a risk factor for keratitis?
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Study Notes
Anatomy of the Eye
- The globe measures about 1 inch in diameter and is housed within the orbit.
- The eye is held in place by connective tissue and muscles that control eye movement.
- The oculomotor nerve (third cranial nerve) causes motion of the eyeballs and upper eyelids.
- The optic nerve (second cranial nerve) provides the sense of vision.
Eye Structures
- Sclera: the "white of the eye".
- Cornea: a transparent layer that allows light to enter the eye.
- Conjunctiva: a thin membrane covering the sclera and inside of the eyelids.
- Iris: a colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering the eye.
- Pupil: the opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
- Lens: a clear, flexible structure behind the iris that focuses light.
- Retina: converts light impulses to nerve signals.
Types of Vision
- Central vision: enables visualization of objects directly in front of you.
- Peripheral vision: enables visualization of lateral objects while looking straight ahead.
Lacrimal Apparatus
- Secrete and drain tears from the eye to moisten the conjunctivae.
Symptoms of Serious Ocular Conditions
- Visual loss that does not improve with blinking.
- Double vision.
- Severe eye pain.
- Foreign body sensation.
Patient Assessment
- Assess for pain/tenderness, swelling, abnormal or loss of movement, sensation changes, circulatory changes, and visual changes.
- Examine structures for any abnormalities, such as ecchymosis, swelling, lacerations, foreign bodies, pigmentation, and tenderness.
- Pupils: assess size, shape, equality, and reaction to light.
- Visual acuity: assess ability to see large and small letters.
Aging-Related Eye Changes
- Conjunctivitis: an inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by a virus, bacteria, allergies, or foreign bodies.
- Blepharitis: a chronic inflammatory process causing inflammation of the eyelid margins.
- Keratitis: an inflammation of the cornea that may be associated with bacterial conjunctivitis, viral infections, corneal ulcers, or diseases such as tuberculosis and syphilis.
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Description
This quiz assesses your knowledge of common eye and ear disorders, their pathophysiology, and nursing implications. It also covers pre- and post-operative care for clients undergoing eye or ear surgery. Test your understanding of individualized care for clients with vision or hearing problems.
