Nursing Care of Clients with Mood Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of a mood disorder?

Fatigue and lethargy

Changes in appetite and sleep patterns

Persistent and extreme emotional states (correct)

Difficulty with social relationships

What is the duration of symptoms required for a diagnosis of clinical depression?

At least one week

At least three months

At least six months

At least two weeks (correct)

What is the characteristic of postpartum depression?

It is a chronic form of depression

It is a subtype of bipolar disorder

It occurs only in people assigned male at birth

It occurs during pregnancy or after the end of a pregnancy (correct)

What is the primary difference between persistent depressive disorder and major depressive disorder?

Severity of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of mood disorder?

Anxiety disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of bipolar disorder?

Alternating periods of extreme happiness and sadness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of premenstrual dysphoric disorder?

Hormonal changes during menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?

Persistent irritability Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of symptoms in a person experiencing hypomania and mild depression as a result of a specific bipolar disorder?

At least two years Signup and view all the answers

What is the age of onset for Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)?

Before the age of 10 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) according to researchers?

Hormonal changes related to the menstrual cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of time it takes for an antidepressant to start working?

Four to six weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?

PMDD is more severe than PMS Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of antidepressant used to treat depression and depressive episodes of bipolar disorder?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)?

Frequent anger outbursts and irritability Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment approach for mood disorders?

A combination of medication and psychotherapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of prescribing mood stabilizers along with antidepressants in some cases?

To reduce abnormal brain activity and regulate mood swings Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of psychotherapy for mood disorders?

To help the client identify and change unhealthy emotions, thoughts, and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which type of therapy is specially adapted for people who experience emotions very intensely?

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)?

Improving interpersonal functioning Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly used to treat mania or mixed episodes in people with bipolar disorder?

Aripiprazole (Abilify) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

To treat or manage mental health conditions and emotional concerns Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Psychodynamic Therapy?

Unconscious thoughts or feelings that are outside of the client's awareness Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to continue taking antidepressants as prescribed even if the client feels better?

To prevent relapse and maintain symptom improvement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes Bipolar I Disorder from Bipolar II Disorder?

duration of manic episodes Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of winter Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?

depressive episodes Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between Depression with Psychosis and Bipolar Disorder?

type of mood disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Cyclothymic Disorder?

chronic unstable mood state Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?

symptoms vary by season Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between hypomania and mania?

intensity of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Bipolar II Disorder?

presence of hypomanic episodes Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication of Depression with Psychosis?

increased risk of suicide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of mood stabilization in clients with bipolar disorder?

To minimize the severity and duration of manic and depressive episodes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key aspect of nursing care planning for clients with bipolar disorder?

Guiding clients toward socially appropriate behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of medication adherence in clients with bipolar disorder?

Preventing relapses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key aspect of psychoeducation and self-management skills for clients with bipolar disorder?

Providing education about the condition and its management Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of psychosocial support and therapy for clients with bipolar disorder?

Addressing emotional challenges Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a significant aspect of suicide risk assessment and prevention in clients with bipolar disorder?

Assessing the risk of suicide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of providing a safe environment for clients with bipolar disorder?

To minimize the risk of self-harm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential aspect of nursing care planning for clients with bipolar disorder?

Guiding clients toward self-care independence Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Types of Mood Disorders

Mood disorders primarily affect the emotional state, causing long periods of extreme happiness, extreme sadness, or both.
Types of mood disorders include:
- Depression and its subtypes
- Bipolar disorder and its subtypes
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Depression

Depression is a common mental health condition characterized by feelings of sadness or hopelessness.
Symptoms of depression include:
- Difficulty with thinking, memory, eating, and sleeping
A diagnosis of clinical depression requires symptoms to last for at least two weeks.

Types of Depression

Postpartum depression (peripartum depression):
- Occurs during pregnancy or after the end of a pregnancy in women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB).
- Caused by hormonal, physical, emotional, financial, and social changes after having a baby.
Persistent depressive disorder:
- A chronic form of depression that must last for at least two years.
- Symptoms may occasionally lessen in severity during this time.
Other specified and unspecified bipolar and related disorders:
- Symptoms do not meet the criteria for one of the other types, but people still have significant, abnormal mood changes.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

A more serious form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Occurs seven to 10 days before menstruation and goes away within a few days of the start of the menstrual period.
Symptoms include:
- Anger
- Irritability
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Insomnia

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

Affects children and adolescents.
Characterized by frequent anger outbursts and irritability out of proportion to the situation.
More severe than intermittent explosive disorder (IED), and anger is present most of the time, occurring before the age of 10.

Treatment for Mood Disorders

Treatment depends on the specific condition and symptoms.
Usually involves a combination of:
- Medication
- Psychotherapy
- Other types of treatment, such as brain stimulation therapy

Medications for Mood Disorders

Antidepressants:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Most widely used drugs to treat depression and depressive episodes of bipolar disorder
Mood stabilizers:
- Help regulate mood swings that occur with bipolar disorder or other disorders
- Reduce abnormal brain activity
- Examples include lithium and anticonvulsant drugs
Antipsychotics (neuroleptics):
- Used to treat bipolar disorder who experience mania or mixed episodes
- Examples include aripiprazole (AbilifyR)

Psychotherapy for Mood Disorders

Psychotherapy (talk therapy) aims to help a person identify and change unhealthy emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.
Types of psychotherapy include:
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
- Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
- Psychodynamic therapy
- Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)

Nursing Care Plans and Management

Nursing care planning goals for clients with bipolar disorder include:
- Providing a safe environment
- Improving self-esteem
- Enhancing social support
- Encouraging self-care independence
- Guiding clients toward socially appropriate behavior
- Promoting family involvement
- Providing education about the condition and how to manage it effectively
Priorities for clients with bipolar disorders include:
- Mood stabilization
- Medication adherence
- Suicide risk assessment and prevention
- Psychoeducation and self-management skills
- Psychosocial support and therapy

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Description

This quiz covers the types of mood disorders, medical and nursing management of clients with mood disorders. Learn about the emotional states and persistent emotions associated with mood disorders.