Nursing Care and Nutrition Quiz

Nutrition and Nursing Care

• Personal care assistants assist with meals and oral hygiene for clients.
• Mosby Basic Skills Videos cover aspiration precautions and oral hygiene for unconscious patients.
• Nurses integrate knowledge from various disciplines and sources to assess a client's nutrition.
• Canada's Food Guide provides guidelines for nursing assessment.
• Canada's dietary guidelines emphasize nutritious foods, limits on processed/prepared foods, and food skills.
• A balanced diet includes low sodium, high potassium, adequate calcium, and vitamin D.
• Cultural considerations in nutrition include food meanings, religious dietary patterns, and food intolerances.
• Various religions have dietary restrictions such as alcohol, pork, fasting, and specific food preparation methods.
• The Canadian Nutrition Screening Tool assesses weight loss and reduced food intake for nutritional risk.
• Nutritional assessment involves anthropometry, lab tests, dietary/health history, clinical observation, and patient expectations.
• Dietary history assessment covers food practices, allergies, symptoms, and chemical substances.
• Diet progression and therapeutic diets range from clear liquid to diabetic diets, each with specific requirements.

Nutritional Care and Oral Health for Patients

• Medications can affect taste, absorption, and metabolism, leading to decreased appetite.
• Diagnostic tests can disrupt meals and may require clients to be NPO (nothing by mouth).
• Nurses need to assess clients' nutritional status and plan interventions to improve their appetite and dietary intake.
• Feeding strategies for patients with dementia include verbal encouragement, determining favorite foods, and offering adequate time for meals.
• Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, increases the risk of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.
• Warning signs of dysphagia include coughing during eating, abnormal movements of the mouth, and delayed swallowing.
• Feeding strategies for patients with dysphagia include elevation of the head of the bed, verbal coaching, and thickening of food and fluids.
• Aspiration, the misdirection of secretions into the respiratory tract, is associated with decreased alertness and difficulty managing saliva.
• Symptoms of aspiration pneumonia include elevated respiratory rate, fever, cough, and delirium.
• Emergency procedures for airway obstruction due to choking include stopping feeding immediately and calling for help.
• Oral care assessment involves evaluating the risk for aspiration, common oral problems, and the ability to grasp.
• Essential oral care includes brushing teeth, flossing, and proper denture care to maintain oral hygiene and prevent infection.