Nursing Assessment and Procedures Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the preferred initial treatment for a non-displaced fracture?

  • Closed reduction or immobilization (correct)
  • Surgical intervention
  • Traction with weights
  • Immediate weight bearing

    • Which is an early sign of compartment syndrome resulting from a fracture?

  • Paralysis
  • Pulselessness
  • Edema (correct)
  • Pallor

    • Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis?

  • Obesity (correct)
  • High calcium levels
  • Increased muscle mass
  • Age-related bone changes

    • What is the purpose of skeletal traction?

    <p>To relieve pain and reduce fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic tool is used to identify kyphosis in the elderly?

    <p>DEXA scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is commonly used for phantom limb pain?

    <p>Anticonvulsants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does COAL stand for in the context of using a cane?

    <p>Cane on opposite affected limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome?

    <p>Phalen’s test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of bowel preparation prior to a colonoscopy?

    <p>To ensure clear visualization of the colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with diverticulitis?

    <p>Severe abdominal pain in the LLQ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with GERD, which treatment option is NOT typically recommended?

    <p>Homeopathic remedies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of Crohn’s disease?

    <p>Patchy areas of inflammation throughout the GI tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary approach for managing chronic pancreatitis?

    <p>Limit alcohol and decrease fat intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

    <p>Small bowel obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory result would indicate a lower gastrointestinal bleed?

    <p>Positive occult blood test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key sign of hepatic encephalopathy?

    <p>Altered level of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diet should be recommended for a patient with ulcerative colitis?

    <p>Low in fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention should be taken for a patient with a suspected paralytic ileus?

    <p>Monitor bowel sounds and assess for flatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for a patient diagnosed with diverticulitis?

    <p>Antibiotics and hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ulcerative colitis can be cured with medication alone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nutritional component should be limited in patients with hepatitis?

    <p>Protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A __________ is an inflamed and infected diverticulum.

    <p>diverticulitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following conditions with their primary symptoms:

    <p>GERD = Heartburn and dysphagia Gastroenteritis = Nausea and vomiting Crohn's Disease = Bloody diarrhea Hepatitis = Jaundice and abdominal pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor associated with GERD?

    <p>Alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may experience both diarrhea and constipation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What imaging method is used to verify NG tube placement?

    <p>X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient with an ileostomy is likely to have __________ stool.

    <p>semi-liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is typical of a lower gastrointestinal bleed?

    <p>Bright red stool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential early sign of compartment syndrome?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Osteoporosis is characterized by absorption problems related to Vitamin D and calcium.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment commonly used for managing phantom limb pain?

    <p>Anticonvulsants like gabapentin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person with an open fracture has a fracture that is through the ______.

    <p>skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following medical terms with their definitions:

    <p>K: Compartment Syndrome = 1: Fracture with increasing swelling L: Osteoarthritis = 2: Joint degeneration often associated with obesity M: Kyphosis = 3: Hunchback posture in the elderly N: Scoliosis = 4: S-shaped lateral curvature of the spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk associated with impaired mobility?

    <p>DVTs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Babinski sign is tested by applying pressure to the foot and observing the curling of the toes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a hard cervical collar?

    <p>To immobilize the cervical spine after an injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for GERD?

    <p>Alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can only cause diarrhea but never constipation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary treatment option is indicated for patients diagnosed with diverticulitis?

    <p>Antibiotics and hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stool that is characterized as black and tarry is indicative of a __________ GI bleed.

    <p>upper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following conditions with their primary symptoms:

    <p>Gastroenteritis = Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Hepatitis = Jaundice, clay stool Ulcerative Colitis = Blood and pus in diarrhea Chronic Pancreatitis = Abdominal pain, steatorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary approach for managing chronic pancreatitis?

    <p>Avoid alcohol and caffeine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diverticulosis is an inflamed and infected condition.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic test is commonly used to identify colon cancer?

    <p>Colonoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with hepatic encephalopathy, it is important to limit __________ intake.

    <p>protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of hepatitis with their transmission methods:

    <p>Hepatitis A = Oral/fecal Hepatitis B = Blood/bodily fluids Hepatitis C = Blood/bodily fluids and no vaccine Hepatitis D = Requires Hepatitis B for replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of compartment syndrome?

    <p>Increasing swelling and edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Skeletal traction involves surgical screws inserted into the bone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk factor for osteoarthritis mentioned?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phantom Limb treatment often includes __________.

    <p>anticonvulsants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following conditions with their associated features:

    <p>Osteoporosis = Absorption problems related to Vitamin D/calcium Kyphosis = Hunchback in the elderly Scoliosis = S-shaped lateral curvature Carpal tunnel syndrome = Positive with Phalen’s test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is suggested for managing pain from an open fracture?

    <p>Psychosocial support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The early symptom of compartment syndrome can include pallor.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a hard cervical collar?

    <p>To immobilize the cervical spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person with S-shaped lateral curvature of the spine is diagnosed with __________.

    <p>scoliosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an associated risk for impaired mobility patients?

    <p>Development of osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gastrointestinal Assessment and Treatments

    • Abdomen assessment using IAPP: inspect, auscultate, palpate, and percuss.
    • NG Tube: used for nutrition and decompression. Verify orders, gather supplies, inspect nares, confirm placement with X-ray.
    • Position patients in high Fowler's; pin NG tube to gown; check placement every 4 hours; provide oral care every 4-8 hours.
    • EGD: performed to inspect the upper GI for bleeding, ulcers, and swallowing difficulties. Patients must be NPO for 8-10 hours prior.
    • Colonoscopy assesses lower GI health; bowel prep is necessary; avoid blood thinners.
    • GERD symptoms: heartburn, dysphagia, atypical chest pain; risk factor includes alcohol; treated with PPIs, antacids, or H2 receptor antagonists. Surgery: Nissen Fundoplication.

    Gastrointestinal Conditions

    • Gastroenteritis: often caused by food poisoning; symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, poor skin turgor indicates dehydration.
    • Colon cancer prevention: consume high-fiber vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower.
    • Upper GI bleed indicators include black/tarry stool or red vomit; lower GI bleed presents as bright red stool or coffee grounds in vomit.
    • Monitor for hypotension and tachycardia; labs reveal low hemoglobin and hematocrit.

    Bowel Conditions

    • Bowel obstruction indicators: flatus and belching signal return of bowel function.
    • IBS symptoms: diarrhea or constipation, lower left quadrant pain; potential complications include dehydration and small bowel obstruction.
    • Crohn's Disease: characterized by patchy inflammation; symptoms include bloody diarrhea; no cure, treatment focuses on symptom management.
    • Ulcerative Colitis: continuous inflammation starting in the rectum; severe cases may require surgery.
    • Diverticulitis: inflamed pouches in the LLQ; treated with antibiotics and bowel rest. Avoid seeds for diverticulosis.

    Surgical and Post-Operative Care

    • Stoma care: expect intact, beefy red skin; ileostomy typically produces semi-liquid stool. Empty bags when half full.
    • Hepatitis: can cause abdominal pain, jaundice, clay stool, and hepatic encephalopathy due to liver failure. Frequent small high-calorie meals recommended.
    • Hepatitis types: A (oral/fecal), B (blood/body fluids, vaccine available), C (blood/body fluids, no vaccine). Treatment varies by type.
    • Acute pancreatitis requires NPO status and IV fluids; chronic pancreatitis management involves avoiding alcohol and caffeine.

    Musculoskeletal Conditions and Injuries

    • Bone cancer (osteosarcoma) symptoms include pain worsening with motion; prognosis is generally poor.
    • Muscular dystrophy: slow progression requires fall precautions and glucocorticoid therapy; hospice is not initiated initially.
    • Twisted ankles and fractures require RICE therapy (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). Assess circulation, motor function, and sensation (CMS).
    • ORIF is used for displaced fractures; closed reduction for non-displaced; traction can help reduce pain and realign bones.
    • Compartment Syndrome: increased swelling in fractures; early signs include edema, late signs include pallor and pulselessness.

    Spine and Joint Disorders

    • Scoliosis diagnosis includes S-shaped curvature greater than 10%; treatment may involve thermal therapy.
    • Kyphosis often presents as hunchback in older adults; diagnosed with imaging tests.
    • Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis risk factors: obesity, vitamin D/calcium absorption issues.
    • Cane usage: COAL (Cane on Opposite Affected Leg) for support.

    Post-Surgical and Rehabilitation Considerations

    • Impaired mobility patients are at risk of pressure ulcers, DVTs, and constipation.
    • Phantom limb sensation after amputation may require anticonvulsants for management.
    • Comprehensive care includes psychosocial support for amputees and rehabilitation services to promote mobility and strength.

    Gastrointestinal Assessment and Treatments

    • Abdomen assessment using IAPP: inspect, auscultate, palpate, and percuss.
    • NG Tube: used for nutrition and decompression. Verify orders, gather supplies, inspect nares, confirm placement with X-ray.
    • Position patients in high Fowler's; pin NG tube to gown; check placement every 4 hours; provide oral care every 4-8 hours.
    • EGD: performed to inspect the upper GI for bleeding, ulcers, and swallowing difficulties. Patients must be NPO for 8-10 hours prior.
    • Colonoscopy assesses lower GI health; bowel prep is necessary; avoid blood thinners.
    • GERD symptoms: heartburn, dysphagia, atypical chest pain; risk factor includes alcohol; treated with PPIs, antacids, or H2 receptor antagonists. Surgery: Nissen Fundoplication.

    Gastrointestinal Conditions

    • Gastroenteritis: often caused by food poisoning; symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, poor skin turgor indicates dehydration.
    • Colon cancer prevention: consume high-fiber vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower.
    • Upper GI bleed indicators include black/tarry stool or red vomit; lower GI bleed presents as bright red stool or coffee grounds in vomit.
    • Monitor for hypotension and tachycardia; labs reveal low hemoglobin and hematocrit.

    Bowel Conditions

    • Bowel obstruction indicators: flatus and belching signal return of bowel function.
    • IBS symptoms: diarrhea or constipation, lower left quadrant pain; potential complications include dehydration and small bowel obstruction.
    • Crohn's Disease: characterized by patchy inflammation; symptoms include bloody diarrhea; no cure, treatment focuses on symptom management.
    • Ulcerative Colitis: continuous inflammation starting in the rectum; severe cases may require surgery.
    • Diverticulitis: inflamed pouches in the LLQ; treated with antibiotics and bowel rest. Avoid seeds for diverticulosis.

    Surgical and Post-Operative Care

    • Stoma care: expect intact, beefy red skin; ileostomy typically produces semi-liquid stool. Empty bags when half full.
    • Hepatitis: can cause abdominal pain, jaundice, clay stool, and hepatic encephalopathy due to liver failure. Frequent small high-calorie meals recommended.
    • Hepatitis types: A (oral/fecal), B (blood/body fluids, vaccine available), C (blood/body fluids, no vaccine). Treatment varies by type.
    • Acute pancreatitis requires NPO status and IV fluids; chronic pancreatitis management involves avoiding alcohol and caffeine.

    Musculoskeletal Conditions and Injuries

    • Bone cancer (osteosarcoma) symptoms include pain worsening with motion; prognosis is generally poor.
    • Muscular dystrophy: slow progression requires fall precautions and glucocorticoid therapy; hospice is not initiated initially.
    • Twisted ankles and fractures require RICE therapy (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). Assess circulation, motor function, and sensation (CMS).
    • ORIF is used for displaced fractures; closed reduction for non-displaced; traction can help reduce pain and realign bones.
    • Compartment Syndrome: increased swelling in fractures; early signs include edema, late signs include pallor and pulselessness.

    Spine and Joint Disorders

    • Scoliosis diagnosis includes S-shaped curvature greater than 10%; treatment may involve thermal therapy.
    • Kyphosis often presents as hunchback in older adults; diagnosed with imaging tests.
    • Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis risk factors: obesity, vitamin D/calcium absorption issues.
    • Cane usage: COAL (Cane on Opposite Affected Leg) for support.

    Post-Surgical and Rehabilitation Considerations

    • Impaired mobility patients are at risk of pressure ulcers, DVTs, and constipation.
    • Phantom limb sensation after amputation may require anticonvulsants for management.
    • Comprehensive care includes psychosocial support for amputees and rehabilitation services to promote mobility and strength.

    Gastrointestinal Assessment and Treatments

    • Abdomen assessment using IAPP: inspect, auscultate, palpate, and percuss.
    • NG Tube: used for nutrition and decompression. Verify orders, gather supplies, inspect nares, confirm placement with X-ray.
    • Position patients in high Fowler's; pin NG tube to gown; check placement every 4 hours; provide oral care every 4-8 hours.
    • EGD: performed to inspect the upper GI for bleeding, ulcers, and swallowing difficulties. Patients must be NPO for 8-10 hours prior.
    • Colonoscopy assesses lower GI health; bowel prep is necessary; avoid blood thinners.
    • GERD symptoms: heartburn, dysphagia, atypical chest pain; risk factor includes alcohol; treated with PPIs, antacids, or H2 receptor antagonists. Surgery: Nissen Fundoplication.

    Gastrointestinal Conditions

    • Gastroenteritis: often caused by food poisoning; symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, poor skin turgor indicates dehydration.
    • Colon cancer prevention: consume high-fiber vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower.
    • Upper GI bleed indicators include black/tarry stool or red vomit; lower GI bleed presents as bright red stool or coffee grounds in vomit.
    • Monitor for hypotension and tachycardia; labs reveal low hemoglobin and hematocrit.

    Bowel Conditions

    • Bowel obstruction indicators: flatus and belching signal return of bowel function.
    • IBS symptoms: diarrhea or constipation, lower left quadrant pain; potential complications include dehydration and small bowel obstruction.
    • Crohn's Disease: characterized by patchy inflammation; symptoms include bloody diarrhea; no cure, treatment focuses on symptom management.
    • Ulcerative Colitis: continuous inflammation starting in the rectum; severe cases may require surgery.
    • Diverticulitis: inflamed pouches in the LLQ; treated with antibiotics and bowel rest. Avoid seeds for diverticulosis.

    Surgical and Post-Operative Care

    • Stoma care: expect intact, beefy red skin; ileostomy typically produces semi-liquid stool. Empty bags when half full.
    • Hepatitis: can cause abdominal pain, jaundice, clay stool, and hepatic encephalopathy due to liver failure. Frequent small high-calorie meals recommended.
    • Hepatitis types: A (oral/fecal), B (blood/body fluids, vaccine available), C (blood/body fluids, no vaccine). Treatment varies by type.
    • Acute pancreatitis requires NPO status and IV fluids; chronic pancreatitis management involves avoiding alcohol and caffeine.

    Musculoskeletal Conditions and Injuries

    • Bone cancer (osteosarcoma) symptoms include pain worsening with motion; prognosis is generally poor.
    • Muscular dystrophy: slow progression requires fall precautions and glucocorticoid therapy; hospice is not initiated initially.
    • Twisted ankles and fractures require RICE therapy (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). Assess circulation, motor function, and sensation (CMS).
    • ORIF is used for displaced fractures; closed reduction for non-displaced; traction can help reduce pain and realign bones.
    • Compartment Syndrome: increased swelling in fractures; early signs include edema, late signs include pallor and pulselessness.

    Spine and Joint Disorders

    • Scoliosis diagnosis includes S-shaped curvature greater than 10%; treatment may involve thermal therapy.
    • Kyphosis often presents as hunchback in older adults; diagnosed with imaging tests.
    • Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis risk factors: obesity, vitamin D/calcium absorption issues.
    • Cane usage: COAL (Cane on Opposite Affected Leg) for support.

    Post-Surgical and Rehabilitation Considerations

    • Impaired mobility patients are at risk of pressure ulcers, DVTs, and constipation.
    • Phantom limb sensation after amputation may require anticonvulsants for management.
    • Comprehensive care includes psychosocial support for amputees and rehabilitation services to promote mobility and strength.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of nursing assessments, including abdominal assessment, NG tube management, EGD, and colonoscopy procedures. This quiz covers essential protocols and patient care procedures related to gastrointestinal health. Be prepared to demonstrate your knowledge of nursing interventions and best practices.

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