Nursing and Health in Geriatrics
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Questions and Answers

What is a key factor influencing a person's decision to take action regarding their health?

  • The previous experiences with healthcare professionals
  • The amount of financial resources available
  • The number of medical interventions available
  • The value a person sees in performing the action (correct)

Which nursing intervention is aimed at empowering older individuals?

  • Providing detailed information about prescribed therapies (correct)
  • Disregarding their personal beliefs
  • Restricting them from making decisions
  • Implementing mandatory medical treatments

What might limit a person's ability to engage in self-care?

  • A lack of personal knowledge about their health (correct)
  • Strong family support systems
  • Having a strong motivation to recover
  • A comprehensive understanding of treatment options

In which situation might professional judgment override a person's desires and decisions?

<p>In the case of an emotionally ill or mentally incompetent individual (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment focus is crucial in geriatric nursing?

<p>Identifying appropriate nursing interventions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following needs is essential for maintaining physiological balance?

<p>Breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is described as a factor influencing health that involves relationships with others and higher powers?

<p>Connection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does NOT contribute to overall health as stated in the content?

<p>Achieving high social status (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is health defined in the context provided?

<p>As a state of wholeness integrating body, mind, and spirit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do gerontological nurses play according to the content?

<p>To provide comprehensive care meeting the needs of older adults (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a physiological need?

<p>Finding pleasure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of intervention is emphasized for chronic diseases in gerontological nursing?

<p>Healing efforts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered part of health promotion-related needs?

<p>Education (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of geriatric syndrome?

<p>It is multifactorial in cause. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common geriatric syndrome?

<p>Diabetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact can falls have on older adults besides physical injuries?

<p>Fear of falling again leading to reduced activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is self-care important for nurse healers?

<p>It helps maintain the emotional and spiritual well-being of nurses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about falls in older adults is true?

<p>A history of falls can help predict future falls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of unnecessary dependency following a fall?

<p>Loss of function and decreased socialization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'self-care' encompass for nurses?

<p>Mental and emotional health along with physical well-being. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common risk factor for falls among older adults?

<p>Previous history of falls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main reasons older adults may need assistance with their health care?

<p>They often visit multiple health care providers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a conventional treatment method mentioned?

<p>Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must an individual have to fulfill basic nutritional needs according to the content?

<p>Ability to experience hunger sensations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a barrier for an older man who has always depended on his wife for meal preparation?

<p>Inadequate cooking knowledge and skills. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to an individual's ability to take action in their health care?

<p>Knowledge, experience, and skills. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role can a nurse play in supporting older adults in their health care decisions?

<p>Encouraging effective communication with doctors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reason older adults might not be able to perform self-care actions effectively?

<p>Lack of adequate knowledge, experience, or skills. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT considered a requisite for older adults to meet their needs?

<p>Desire to avoid all medical treatments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for cachexia?

<p>To improve symptoms and quality of life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor of malnutrition among older persons?

<p>Increased activity levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the nutrition care pathway among older persons?

<p>Nutrition Screening (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used to improve appetite specifically for cachexia?

<p>Megestrol acetate (Megace) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the nutrition assessment for malnourished patients typically involve?

<p>Clinical exam, history, and laboratory values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is considered an early sign of Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Lack of initiative and affect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nutrition intervention might involve changing a patient's diet prescription?

<p>Dietary Adjustment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a potential strategy for nutritional intervention?

<p>Providing food preferences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily differentiates cachexia from other types of weight loss?

<p>It is involuntary weight loss. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main categories of cachexia?

<p>Chronic cachexia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of body weight loss characterizes cachexia?

<p>5 percent or more (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of cachexia?

<p>An increase in appetite (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following findings is part of the diagnostic criteria for cachexia?

<p>Loss of muscle strength (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is refractory cachexia mainly associated with?

<p>Failure to respond to cancer treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition often accompanies cachexia?

<p>Inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge in treating cachexia?

<p>There is no specific treatment to reverse cachexia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Healing over Curing in Gerontology

In gerontological nursing, focusing on improving quality of life and managing chronic conditions (healing) is prioritized over attempts to completely cure them.

Holistic Assessment of Needs

Evaluating the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of older adults to understand their overall well-being.

Physiological Balance in Older Adults

Meeting basic life needs like breathing, eating, sleeping, and staying active to maintain physical health.

Connection's Impact on Health

Strong connections with others, nature, and a higher power contribute significantly to overall health and well-being.

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Gratification and Well-being

A sense of fulfillment derived from achieving purpose, pleasure, and dignity, contributing to a healthy mind, body, and spirit.

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Health Education for Older Adults

Providing information and understanding about a diagnosed condition and its management.

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Counseling in Health Conditions

Supporting patients emotionally and helping them adjust to the challenges and changes brought by a health condition.

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Coaching for Improved Health Outcomes

Encouraging and guiding patients to improve their health by motivating them to take ownership of their health and follow treatment plans.

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Coordination in Healthcare

Helping older adults manage multiple healthcare providers, appointments, instructions, and prevent conflicting treatments.

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Therapies for Older Adults

Treatment approaches that can include conventional methods, complementary therapies, or both.

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Biofeedback

A technique where individuals learn to control physiological responses like heart rate or muscle tension using feedback.

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Herbal Remedies

Using plants and their extracts to treat health conditions.

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Acupressure

Applying pressure to specific points on the body to relieve pain, improve circulation, and promote well-being.

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Advocacy in Healthcare

Supporting older adults to speak up for themselves and ensure their needs are met.

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Physical Abilities for Self-Care

Physical capacities like hunger sensation, digestion, and strength for daily tasks.

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Knowledge and Skills for Self-Care

Having the necessary information, experience, and skills to manage personal health.

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Desire and Decision to Act

A person's willingness to take action is influenced by their perceived value of the action, their existing knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs, and their level of motivation.

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Limitations to Action

When a person lacks desire or decides against taking action, it can limit their ability to address their health needs.

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Empowering Older Adults

Nursing interventions should aim to empower older adults by providing information, motivation, and support to improve their self-care capacity.

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Self-Care Capacity in Geriatrics

Assessing a patient's self-care capacity involves evaluating their physical capabilities, knowledge, and desire to manage their health needs.

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Interventions for Self-Care

Nursing interventions should focus on strengthening self-care capacity, promoting health, and managing health challenges in older adults.

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Holistic Nursing Model

A nursing approach focused on the individual's well-being, considering physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects.

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Self-Care for Nurses

Nurses prioritizing their physical and emotional well-being through healthy habits and practices, ensuring they can effectively care for others.

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Geriatric Syndrome

A collection of symptoms not specific to a disease, occurring in vulnerable older adults, often causing functional decline.

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Risk Factors for Falls

Factors increasing the likelihood of a fall in older adults, like muscle weakness, poor balance, and medication side effects.

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Consequences of Falls

Falls in older adults can lead to injuries, fear of falling, decreased mobility, and reduced quality of life.

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Assessing Fall Risk

Nurses assess patients who have fallen or have risk factors for falls to understand their individual vulnerabilities.

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Prevalence of Geriatric Syndromes

Geriatric syndromes and chronic conditions are common among older adults and often lead to limitations in their abilities.

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Functional Decline

The loss of ability to perform daily activities, often caused by chronic conditions and geriatric syndromes.

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Cachexia Treatment Goal

The aim of cachexia treatment is to improve symptoms and enhance the quality of life for individuals experiencing muscle wasting and weight loss.

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Cachexia Treatment Strategies

Approaches to managing cachexia include using appetite stimulants, medications to alleviate nausea and improve mood, anti-inflammatory drugs, dietary adjustments, nutritional supplements, and adapted exercise.

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Malnutrition in Older Adults

Malnutrition is a significant concern in older adults due to changes in metabolism, activity levels, and body composition.

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Factors Contributing to Malnutrition

Factors contributing to malnutrition in older adults include decreased taste and smell, chewing difficulties, slower digestion, reduced hunger signals, and impaired nutrient absorption.

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Nutrition Screening for Older Adults

Nutrition screening is crucial for early identification of individuals at risk for malnutrition.

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Nutrition Assessment for Older Adults

A comprehensive nutrition assessment involves reviewing medical history, conducting a physical examination, and analyzing laboratory results.

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Nutrition Intervention for Older Adults

Nutrition intervention involves strategies like dietary modifications, food fortification, supplements, and specialized feeding methods.

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Alzheimer's Disease Early Signs

Early signs of Alzheimer's disease include personality changes like lack of initiative, impaired memory, poor attention, confusion, and mood swings.

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What is cachexia?

Cachexia is a severe wasting syndrome that causes extreme weight loss and muscle wasting, often associated with chronic diseases like cancer.

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What are the key symptoms of cachexia?

Cachexia is characterized by involuntary weight loss (more than 5% in 12 months), muscle weakness, fatigue, appetite loss, and increased inflammation.

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How is cachexia different from other forms of weight loss?

Unlike intentional weight loss, cachexia is involuntary and often accompanied by a decrease in muscle mass, which is not seen in typical weight loss.

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What is precachexia?

Precachexia is a stage where individuals experience a loss of up to 5% of their body weight due to an illness or disease.

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What is refractory cachexia?

Refractory cachexia is a specific type of cachexia seen in cancer patients who don't respond to cancer treatment.

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What is the main treatment for cachexia?

There is no specific cure for cachexia, but treatments focus on managing symptoms like appetite loss and muscle wasting.

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How does cachexia affect muscle mass?

Cachexia causes a significant loss of muscle mass, leading to weakness and decreased ability to perform daily activities.

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What is the role of inflammation in cachexia?

Increased inflammation in the body plays a significant role in cachexia, affecting metabolism, appetite, and muscle breakdown.

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Study Notes

Gerontological Nursing Care

  • Pertains to the whole person: body, mind, and spirit
  • Holistic assessment and care planning
  • Surviving old age is a testament to resilience and resourcefulness
  • Older adults have faced significant life decisions throughout their lives
  • Nurses should acknowledge the strengths of older adults when planning care
  • Gerontological nurses aim to foster a sense of wholeness
  • Holistic gerontological care addresses an individual's full needs (physical, mental, and spiritual)
  • Focus is on health promotion and healing through balancing mind, body, and spirit
  • Nursing interventions are essential to mitigate the impacts of age-related changes and chronic conditions
  • Healing rather than curative approaches are more beneficial in gerontological nursing
  • Holistic care focuses on facilitating harmony, growth, and support toward recovery and dignity as death approaches

Needs in Health Promotion

  • Physiological balance: maintaining basic life functions (breathing, eating, eliminating, resting, being active, risk prevention)
  • Connection: relationships with others and higher power, and respect for nature/self
  • Gratification: purpose, pleasure, and dignity
  • Education and understanding of conditions and care
  • Counseling support to manage feelings and adjust to changes
  • Coaching for health education, compliance improvement, and motivation
  • Monitoring of patient's health status and progress
  • Coordination of care by assisting with scheduling, communication, and preventing conflicts
  • Therapies such as medical, exercise, special diets, or procedures to support patient needs (use of assistive devices)
  • Advocacy support for patients who may disagree with decisions for treatment

Nursing Interventions

  • Nurses are directed toward empowering older adults by strengthening self-care capacities, eliminating or minimizing self-care limitations, and providing direct services.
  • Interventions need to address various health challenges.
  • Assessments and identification of individual needs are paramount for successful interventions
  • The nurse, as a healer, employs comfort, compassion, support, and care factors in addition to usual procedures.
  • Nurses should actively engage in patients' healing processes through teaching, modeling, coaching and encouraging.
  • Availability and presence are essential for nurse-patient interaction
  • Willingness to form meaningful connections with the patient is crucial

Common Geriatric Syndromes and its Management

  • Geriatric syndromes are collections of symptoms occurring in older adults.
  • These syndromes are multifactorial and often episodic.
  • Common ones include risk of falls, frailty, sarcopenia, risk of malnutrition, Alzheimer's disease, constipation, eye disorders, urinary incontinence, and sleep disorders

Chronic Conditions

  • Conditions lasting more than a year affecting daily living and needing medical care
  • Involves comprehensive assessment, highlighting functional status and quality of life.
  • An interdisciplinary approach from healthcare professionals is often beneficial
  • Examples include cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, arthritis, dementia, cancer, diabetes, and osteoporosis

Nutrition

  • Focus in older adult care is on quality and quantity of calories as requirements and intake often reduce.
  • Nutritional assessment involves taking a detailed history and performing a thorough physical assessment to evaluate and identify nutritional risks, and considering the implications of emotional health, medications, and lifestyle factors

Death and Dying

  • Death is inevitable and often difficult for people to face
  • A six-step approach to communicating bad news about end of life can help healthcare workers to support patients and family

Other Important Topics

  • Hormonal replacement therapy (HRT)
  • Cachexia (wasting away due to disease)
  • Dementia
  • Cataracts
  • Glaucoma
  • Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis
  • Asthma
  • Pneumonia
  • Stroke
  • Family caregiving
  • Decision-making in the face of illness
  • Aging and Cancer

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Holistic Assessment and Care Planning PDF

Description

This quiz explores key concepts in geriatric nursing, including the factors influencing health decisions and the role of nursing interventions. Delve into essential assessment focuses, self-care limitations, and the contributions of gerontological nurses to health promotion. Test your understanding of the unique challenges faced by older individuals in healthcare.

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