NURS4101 Week 1: Community Health Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What does it mean to be part of a community?

A community refers to a collection of people who interact with one another and whose common interests or characteristics form the basis for a sense of unity or belonging.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a community?

  • Social System
  • Place/Location
  • Economic Stability (correct)
  • People/Population

    • What is the function of any community, as defined by Anderson and McFarlane (2012)?

    The function of any community includes its members' collective sense of belonging and their shared identity, values, norms, communication, and common interests and concerns.

    What are the two main components of community health practice?

    <p>Health Promotion &amp; Disease Prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Health is solely determined by an individual's genetic makeup and personal choices.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of health promotion?

    <p>To raise levels of wellness for individuals, families, populations, and communities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the levels of prevention in community health to their corresponding definitions:

    <p>Primary Prevention = Efforts to detect and treat existing health problems early to prevent further complications Secondary Prevention = Measures taken to keep illness or injuries from happening. Tertiary Prevention = Attempts to reduce the extent and severity of a current health problem to minimize disability and restore function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Community health nursing primarily focuses on the individual patient's needs rather than the population as a whole.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the ANA, what is public health nursing?

    <p>Public health nursing is the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of community health nursing?

    <p>Focus on disease treatment is paramount.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four essential components of nursing care, as broadly defined by Fawcett?

    <p>The four essential components of nursing care are the client, the environment, health, and nursing itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of community-based care?

    <p>Focus on acute medical interventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Health involves both a subjective and objective dimension, meaning it's about how people feel and how well they function in their environment.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is wellness, as described in the text?

    <p>Wellness is a lifestyle aimed at achieving physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual and environmental well-being.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some sources of community data?

    <p>Sources of community data include registration of vital events (births, deaths, marriages), census, notification of infectious diseases, hospital records, disease register, record linkages, epidemiological surveillance, and population surveys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a nursing skill or competence relevant to community health?

    <p>Advanced Surgical Procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The purpose of a community remains unchanged, despite its type (geographic, common interest, solution),

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Course title: Concepts and Characteristics of Community Health
    • Course number: NURS4101
    • Week: One
    • Duration: 150 minutes
    • Instructor: Ms. Michelle Cox Hoare
    • Institution: University of Belize

    Objectives

    • Describe the concept of community
    • Describe the characteristics of a community
    • Discuss the two main components of community health practice (health promotion and disease prevention)
    • Describe the strategy for preventing health problems
    • Describe the characteristics of community health nursing
    • Describe the Health-illness continuum

    Introduction

    • The session introduces the concept and characteristics of community and health, providing a foundation for understanding community health nursing.
    • The definitions of community, health, and their relationship to community health will be reviewed, along with social determinants influencing community health.
    • The most basic components of community-based care will be examined, alongside the illness-wellness continuum to better understand community health.
    • Areas of focus when conducting a community health assessment will be highlighted.

    Concepts of Community

    • Community refers to a collection of people who interact with each other, whose common interests or characteristics create a sense of unity or belonging.
    • Communities can be defined by shared rights, privileges, common interests, or shared laws/regulations.
    • Community is defined by Who (people faction), Where and When (time, place or space faction), Why and how (function).

    Geographic Community

    • Often defined by geographic boundaries.
    • Examples include cities, towns, or neighborhoods.

    Characteristics of a Community

    • People/Population
    • Place/Location
    • Social System

    Function of a Community

    • The function of a community includes:
      • Members' sense of belonging
      • Shared identity
      • Values
      • Norms
      • Communication
      • Common interests/concerns

    Community Health

    • Geographic Communities: demarcated by geographic boundaries
    • Common Interest/Goal Communities: Community whose focus is a health-related issue
    • Community of Solution: a group of people who come together to solve a problem affecting all of them.

    Factors Affecting Community Health

    • The characteristics of families within a community contribute to its overall complexion and define healthcare needs.
    • Culture influences the overall character of a community and impacts its health needs.
    • Health is strongly influenced and often primarily determined by the cultural background.
    • Community boundaries can be geographic, or based on a shared problem that can be addressed.

    Social Systems/Social Determinants of Health

    • Social systems within a community include:
      • Economic
      • Educational
      • Religious
      • Political
      • Recreational
      • Legal
    • Social systems significantly impact the community and its health.
    • Social determinants describe the circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work, age, and systems for dealing with illness.

    Concept of Health

    • Health encompasses a person's physical, mental, and spiritual state.
    • Health can be positive (good health) or negative (poor health).
    • Optimal health involves a dynamic balance of physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual health.
    • WHO defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
    • Social health involves the ability to:
      • Make and maintain relationships with others.
      • Interact well with people and the environment.
    • A healthy person adopts to changing environments, ages, heals from injury, and can accept the peaceful expectation of death.

    Concept of Wellness

    • Wellness is a lifestyle focused on achieving physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental well-being.
    • Wellness measures can increase stamina, boost energy, and improve self-esteem, enhancing quality of life.

    Components of Community-Based Care

    • Self-care
    • Preventive health care
    • Care within the context of the community
    • Continuity of care
    • Collaborative care

    Illness-Wellness Continuum

    • Health has both subjective and objective dimensions (how people feel and how well they function).
    • A healthy person feels well and experiences a positive state of vitality.
    • The continuum depicts a range of health experience, from wellness to total disability/death.

    Sources of Community Data

    • Registration of vital events (births, deaths, marriages)
    • Census
    • Notification of infectious diseases
    • Hospital records
    • Disease registers
    • Record linkages
    • Epidemiological Surveillance
    • Population surveys

    Nursing Skills and Competences

    • Communication
    • Assessment
    • Program Planning
    • Cultural Competence
    • Knowledge of Communities
    • Public Health Science Skills
    • Management Skills
    • Application of Nursing Process
    • Nursing Interventions

    Summary

    • The course reviewed the concept of community and health, its social determinants, and related characteristics.
    • Different community types (geographic, common interest, solution) were examined.
    • The two basic components of community health practice (health promotion and prevention) were reviewed.
    • Health and wellness constructs were introduced.
    • Epidemiological studies were highlighted.

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    Related Documents

    Concepts and Characteristics of Community Health - University of Belize PDF

    Description

    Explore the definitions and characteristics of communities and their impact on health in this foundational quiz for NURS4101. Dive into key concepts such as health promotion, disease prevention, and the role of community health nursing. Understand the social determinants influencing community health and learn strategies for effective health care.

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