NURS 1110 Biochemistry Lecture 3: Membranes and Transport

Questions and Answers

Which of the following topics is related to chromosome 15q deletion?

Breast Cancer

Diabetes Mellitus

Prader Willi Syndrome (correct)

HIV Infection

Which of the following topics is related to dopamine and mitochondrial dysfunction?

Parkinson's Disease (correct)

Alzheimer's Disease

Sickle Cell Anemia

Huntington's Disease

What is the primary defect in Hemochromatosis?

Mutation in the Phenylalanine Hydroxylase enzyme

Absence of hexosaminidase A enzyme

Defect in the HFE gene leading to iron overload (correct)

Mutation in the CFTR gene

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of G6PD deficiency?

Accumulation of gangliosides Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)?

Protein misfolding and aggregation (e.g., TDP-43) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the enzyme Phenylalanine Hydroxylase?

Conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the HFE gene in Hemochromatosis?

Regulation of iron absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of Tay-Sachs disease?

Accumulation of gangliosides Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of Multiple Sclerosis?

Autoimmune attack on myelin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defect in Hemophilia?

Deficiency of clotting Factors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a core assumption of the functionalist perspective?

Society is composed of interdependent parts that contribute to its stability Signup and view all the answers

According to functionalists, what happens when the parts of society do not function well?

The parts of society must adapt to recapture a new order, stability, and productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is a criticism of the functionalist perspective?

It neglects the negative functions of an event Signup and view all the answers

How does the functionalist perspective differ from symbolic interactionalism?

Symbolic interactionalism focuses on how people act according to their interpretations of the meaning of their world Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of the functionalist perspective?

Conflict is a driving force of social change Signup and view all the answers

How does the functionalist perspective view the role of individuals in society?

Individuals are seen as working together to achieve what is best for society as a whole Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of the functionalist perspective?

It justifies the status quo and complacency on the part of society's members Signup and view all the answers

How does the functionalist perspective view social change?

As a threat to social order and stability Signup and view all the answers

What is the core idea of Marx's theory in relation to the economy and the people working within it?

That society is characterized by the struggle between the workers and those in charge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term Marx used to describe the individuals who perform labor that is then taken and sold by the bourgeoisie?

Proletariat Signup and view all the answers

What is the predicted outcome of the struggle between the social classes according to Marxist ideology?

A proletariat revolution that will replace capitalism with communism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of the bourgeoisie, according to Marx's theory?

The means of producing via the laborers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the wealthy bosses, owners, and managers, according to Marx's theory?

Bourgeoisie Signup and view all the answers

What is the predicted outcome of capitalism, according to Marxist ideology?

Stagnation and eventual collapse. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary desire of the proletariat, according to Marx's theory?

To end the exploitation by the bourgeoisie. Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the book written by Marx and Friedrich Engels that outlines the features of Marxist ideology?

The Communist Manifesto Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the relationship between the economy and the people working within it, according to Marx's theory?

Class struggle Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the proletariat, according to Marx's theory?

To end the exploitation and establish a classless society. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivation of private individuals in a capitalist economic system?

To make as much profit as possible Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the exploitation of workers by capitalists, according to Marx?

Social revolt and ultimately the dismantling of capitalism Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of a communist society?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the view of Marxists on the division between social classes?

It will widen with the exploitation of workers deteriorating Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of the proletariat revolution, according to Marx and Engels?

The replacement of capitalism with communism Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of social revolt, according to Marx?

The exploitation of workers by capitalists Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the capitalists in a capitalist economic system, according to Marx?

To exploit the hard work of laborers and pay them as little as possible Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of the proletariat revolution on the social structure?

The collapse of the social structure and transformation into a classless society Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of a communist society?

Collective ownership over economic assets Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of the struggle between social classes, according to Marxists?

The collapse of the social structure and transformation into a classless society Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a communist society according to Marxism?

No private property or inherited wealth Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument of conflict theory?

Society is in a state of perpetual conflict Signup and view all the answers

What is alienation, according to Marx?

The lack of power, control, and fulfillment in work Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the division of labor in capitalist societies?

Increased dependency on labor for mere survival Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the proletariat, according to Marx?

To overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a communist society Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the bourgeoisie in capitalist societies?

To accumulate wealth and maintain power Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of social change, according to Marx?

Revolutionary overthrow of the bourgeoisie Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the increase in productivity in capitalist societies?

Increased dependency on labor for mere survival Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of historical materialism?

A focus on the role of economics and class struggle in shaping society Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the bourgeoisie in maintaining capitalism?

To maintain power and accumulate wealth Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant contribution of Marxism to the field of sociology?

Understanding of power, control, freedom, and exploitation in society Signup and view all the answers

What is a criticism of Marxism regarding social inequality?

It oversimplifies the concept of social class Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of Marxist theory in understanding social change?

It lacks scientific credibility Signup and view all the answers

What is a strength of Marxism in understanding modern societies?

It provides a framework for understanding social reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of capitalism, according to Marxist thought?

Teaching people to be competitive and conformist Signup and view all the answers

What is a legacy of Marxist thought in sociology?

Emergence of conflict theories Signup and view all the answers

What is a criticism of Marxism regarding its understanding of social classes?

It oversimplifies the concept of social class Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of Marxist thought in modern societies?

Social change and social reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of primitive communism, according to Marx?

Absence of social class divisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between feudalism and capitalism, according to Marx?

Mode of production Signup and view all the answers

What is the predicted outcome of the struggle between the social classes, according to Marx's theory?

The overthrow of the capitalist system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Marx's critique of capitalist society?

The distribution of wealth and resources Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of advanced communism, according to Marx?

Absence of private property Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of production in feudalism, according to Marx?

Agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between slave society and feudalism, according to Marx?

Type of labor used Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the bourgeoisie, according to Marx?

To maximize profits Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of the proletariat, according to Marx?

To overthrow the capitalist system Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Information

NURS 1110: Biochemistry course with 3 credits
Class schedule: Friday, 8 am - 12 noon (ZOOM - 1st Lecture)
Course delivery: Lectures with in-class demonstrations
Course assessment:
In-course exams (25%): 3 exams at weeks 4, 8, and 13
Group project (15%): includes outline/literature review, oral presentation, and academic poster
Final exam (60%)

Group Project

Submissions:
Project outline (3%): 1-page document with title, introduction, body, and conclusion (week 6)
3MT style video (6%): 3-minute video presentation (week 11)
Academic poster (6%): 750-1000 words (week 12)
Participation (out of 10 and multiplied by group mark)
Group size: 5-6 members
Group project topics: 25 topics to choose from, including Diabetes Mellitus, Breast Cancer, and HIV Infection

Project Guidelines

Project outline: includes title, introduction, body, conclusion, and abstract
Student declaration form
Title page: includes topic name and number, institution, course code, lecturer's name, group members' names and IDs, and submission date
Abstract: summary of work in 1-2 sentences per section (no more than 200 words)
Introduction: 400-500 words, including background, prevalence, history, and social factors; thesis statement in the last paragraph

Macro Sociological Perspectives

Functionalism:
- Focuses on how society is held together by social consensus
- Believes that each aspect of society is interdependent and contributes to society's stability and functioning as a whole
- Criticized for neglecting the negative functions of an event and justifying the status quo

Marxist Perspective

Karl Marx:
- German philosopher who proposed Marxism in the 19th century
- Focused on the relationship between the economy and the people working within the economic system
- Believed that society is characterized by the struggle between the workers and those in charge
Class Struggle:
- Two social classes: the working-class laborers (proletariat) and the wealthy bourgeoisie
- Proletariat wants to end exploitation, while the bourgeoisie wants to maximize profits
- Class struggle leads to increased exploitation and eventually a proletarian revolution
Theory of Capitalism:
- Economic system in which private individuals own the means of production
- Capitalists exploit the labor of workers and pay them minimal wages
- Capitalism is an unstable system that will eventually result in a series of crises
Communism:
- Proposed by Marx and Engels as a classless society in which private property is abolished
- Means of production would be collectively owned, and society would be free from exploitation
- Key features of a communist society include no private property, steeply graduated income tax, and free public education
Conflict Theory:
- Developed by Karl Marx, it states that society is in a perpetual state of conflict due to competing interests
- Power struggles drive societal change, and the bourgeoisie hold power over the proletariat
Alienation:
- Lack of power, control, and fulfillment experienced by workers in capitalist societies
- Workers become alienated from their labor as they lose individual character and become dependent on their labor for survival
Historical Materialism:
- Theory that societies pass through stages: primitive communism, slave society, feudalism, capitalism, and advanced communism
- Each stage is characterized by a different mode of production and exploitation
Stages of Societal Development:
- 1. Primitive Communism: no social class division, people worked for subsistence
- 1. Antiquity: first stage of exploitation, aristocrats and slaves
- 1. Feudalism: exploitation of land occupiers by landowners
- 1. Capitalist Society: exploitation of the poor by the rich
- 1. Advanced Communism: a utopian society with shared resources and equality
Strengths of Marxism:
- Provides useful insights into society, particularly on conflict theory
- Helps understand how society functions and why we have certain ideas about labor
Criticisms of Marxism:
- Overly simplistic view of society being split into two social classes
- Ignores other factors that contribute to social inequality, such as race, religion, and gender

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Description

This lecture covers membranes and transport in biochemistry for nursing students, taught by Andrew S. Dhanoo. It's part of the NURS 1110 course at the School of Nursing, University of the West Indies.