Number the Stars: Running Interrupted

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Questions and Answers

What societal impact is suggested by the author's reflection on readers who contrast Annemarie's courage with the actions of people in other countries during the Holocaust?

  • It highlights the book's role in encouraging young readers to consider ethical decision-making in frightening situations. (correct)
  • It underscores the timeless influence of literature in shaping moral character across diverse cultural contexts.
  • It questions whether the book truly captures the historical accuracy of resistance during World War II.
  • It illustrates the diminishing relevance of Holocaust literature as new generations grapple with contemporary conflicts.

How does the author use the memory of a Danish friend's childhood in Copenhagen to shape the narrative's authenticity?

  • By contrasting the friend's recollections with documented accounts from historical archives.
  • By using the friend's stories as a factual basis, the author aims to authentically portray a group of prejudice-free people who honored the humanity of others. (correct)
  • By fictionalizing the friend's experiences to highlight universal themes of courage and humanity.
  • By directly quoting the friend's personal diary entries to ensure historical accuracy.

In the context of the German occupation, what does Annemarie's internal conflict about dying to protect her friends reveal about the complexities of courage?

  • It embodies the romanticized ideals of wartime heroism common in children's literature.
  • It serves as a plot device to build suspense and create a false sense of security.
  • It reflects the universal struggle between self-preservation and moral duty, emphasizing the difficulty of true bravery. (correct)
  • It demonstrates a naive understanding of the real dangers faced by those resisting Nazi oppression.

How does the narrative structure employ the seemingly ordinary act of children racing to introduce underlying tensions and foreshadow future conflicts?

<p>It underscores the normalcy of life threatened by occupation, setting the stage for the intrusion of external conflict. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the historical context, what is the significance of the German soldier's poor Danish in his interaction with Annemarie?

<p>It underscores the cultural divide and the invaders' lack of respect for Danish language and identity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Kirsti's defiant act of pushing away the soldier's hand symbolize within the broader narrative of resistance?

<p>A spontaneous act of defiance reflecting a rejection of oppressive forces and an embrace of freedom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the act of 'having coffee'—drinking hot water with herbs—serve as a symbol of resilience and defiance under Nazi occupation?

<p>It signifies the scarcity of resources and the creativity required to cope with deprivation, preserving cultural identity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Mrs. Rosen's instruction to 'be one of the crowd' reflect a strategy for survival during wartime?

<p>It emphasizes the importance of maintaining a low profile and avoiding actions that could lead to scrutiny. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the symbolic importance of King Christian X's morning rides reveal about Danish identity and resistance?

<p>It symbolized national unity and the King's accessibility, reinforcing a sense of shared identity and silent defiance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the story of the boy who proclaimed 'All of Denmark is his bodyguard' challenge the perception of power dynamics under occupation?

<p>By undermining the authority and control of a foreign occupying force. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do Annemarie's nighttime thoughts about the fairy tales connect to the larger themes of the novel?

<p>They emphasize a moral test where bravery and sacrifice are essential to triumphing over evil, despite real-world uncertainties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the closure of Mrs. Hirsch's shop serve as a turning point in Annemarie's understanding of the Nazi occupation?

<p>It symbolizes the loss of innocence and awareness of the broader implications of Nazi policies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the strategic significance of Peter's late-night visit to the Johansen's apartment?

<p>It symbolizes the danger and secrecy under which the resistance operates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Annemarie's realization that 'all of Denmark must be bodyguard for the Jews' reflect a shift in her understanding of national identity and responsibility?

<p>It acknowledges the moral obligation of ordinary citizens to stand against injustice. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of limited resources, what deeper meaning can be inferred from Mrs. Johansen managing to obtain a chicken for the Rosen's New Year celebration?

<p>It shows the moral support offered to their Jewish neighbors despite the risk. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the author use the symbol of the fish shoes to reveal the impact of war on daily life?

<p>By using the image of the green fish shoes the reader understood war changed the quality of everyday items due to scarcity, highlighting broader deprivation and adaptation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What narrative purpose does Kirsti serve in the face of increasing danger and tension?

<p>She serves as a vehicle for providing comic interludes that temporarily lighten the overall mood, while contrasting the innocence of childhood with the darker realities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the family's previous explanation of Lise's death, what significance can be attributed to this moment of honesty?

<p>To reveal the true sacrifices and risks they faced. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Despite potential danger, what deeper intention underlies Mama's insistence on taking the girls to Uncle Henrik's farm?

<p>She intends on safeguarding Ellen, at great personal risk, ensuring their safety amid the turmoil and occupation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the coded language between Papa and Uncle Henrik on the phone emphasize the dangerous situation?

<p>It highlights the danger of the situation with its inherent secrecy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What narrative effect is achieved by shifting the setting from Copenhagen to the coastal region of Gilleleje?

<p>To contrast the city and the country, signifying an escape from confinement to freedom, reflecting the theme. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Mrs. Johansen share the story of her dog Trofast with Annemarie and Ellen on their way to Henrik's farm?

<p>By highlighting loyalty she was foreshadows Annemarie's task and instilling a sense of familiarity with the area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Lowry juxtapose the openness of the sea with characters who remain trapped in the Danish nation?

<p>The contrast highlights the closeness of Sweden while the characters remain trapped in Denmark. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the conversation, what does Henrik's question to his sister, 'You have prepared the living room?', underscore?

<p>Highlighting the risk and necessity of their actions in facilitating the escape. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For Annemarie, what is signified when Uncle Henrik is dishonest about Great-Aunt Birte?

<p>It signifies the moral complexities born from the need to protect others in dangerous times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does Annemarie's increasing awareness of the deception play in her emotional and moral development?

<p>It highlights her growing maturity in her moral development, underscoring the shift from childhood innocence to brave resourcefulness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the setting of the barn contribute to the mood and thematic development?

<p>The environment helps create both a feeling of isolation and safety, reflecting the paradoxical themes of the book. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the face of possible capture, why did the community choose to have Peter read Psalm 1, knowing it could draw even more attention from the officers?

<p>As a way to create unity in the face of fear, reaffirming hope. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After discovering the 'death' of Great-Aunt Birte was a fallacy, how do you think that would affect Lise? Be specific, and use context clues.

<p>The loss of honesty could cause distrust and anxiety, while the increased dangers in the community could compel her to greater bravery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 'open[ing] the casket'?

<p>It served as a means to transport people, emphasizing concealment and subterfuge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From the actions of the story, what can you infer about the Danish people?

<p>The Danish people were generally deeply sympathetic, generous, and brave. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the strategic advantage of Peter delivering a sleeping drug before facilitating their escape?

<p>By minimizing the chance of detection through noise, it enhanced the safety and secrecy to those escaping and the people who were hiding them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it notable that Peter called Annemarie's mom by her first name?

<p>The situation revealed a level of friendship, placing everyone at greater risk, but emphasizing their shared danger and responsibility. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the text focus on an old, disfigured doll?

<p>It underscored the theme of resilience through how something old and broken, can be loved again. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Annemarie recalls to the reader, 'It was harder for the ones who were waiting'. What is she really trying to convey?

<p>That she empathizes with those left behind, whose courage is the constant concern, not the action. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the handkerchief smell of?

<p>Rabbits blood and something which temporarily destroys the sense of smell.. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Danish people smuggle nearly seven thousand people across the sea to Sweden?

<p>The Danes took them in, fed them, clothed them, and hid them. Then they would see them to safety in Sweden. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All of the following details describe why the author wrote the text, EXCEPT:

<p>She felt the world needed to know the story of Annemarie Johansen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were the bodies at Ryvangen only marked with numbers?

<p>Because the Nazis refused to return the bodies for burial, as well as wanted to dehumanize those who were murdered. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Who is Ellen Rosen?

Character in Number the Stars; ten years old, best friends with Annemarie.

Who is Annemarie Johansen?

Character in Number the Stars; ten years old, main character and best friend with Ellen.

What is "Halte!"

The harsh German word meaning "halt."

Who is Kirsti?

Five-year-old sister to Annemarie, acts innocent to trick the soldiers.

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What is 'bodyguard'?

Word to describe how each person contributes to protecting others.

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Who is Mrs. Johansen?

One of Annemarie's parents, helps hide the Rosens from Nazis.

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Who are the Resistance?

Term for Danish Resistance fighters.

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Who are the Rosens?

Another family that is Jewish, neighbors to Annemarie.

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What is 'De Frie Danske'?

Illegally published Danish newspaper sharing news of the war.

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Who is King Christian X?

The king on his horse that the people of Denmark love.

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Who is Lise Johansen?

Lost her life in an accident.

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What is fish skin?

Kirsti receives new shoes made of this unlikely material.

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What is Tivoli?

Popular amusement park in Copenhagen burned by the Nazis.

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What is the Rosh Hashanah?

The Jewish New Year, celebrated by the Rosens.

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What did the Nazis take?

Synagogue lists were taken.

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What is 'relocation'?

A place the Nazis were making the Jews go to.

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What was the star of David?

Ellen removed it so that a soldier would not see that she was Jewish.

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Who is Lise?

The sister Annemarie pretends Ellen is.

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What are baby pictures?

How did Papa prove Lise was indeed his daughter?

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What is "fishing"?

The word they coded so no one would know they are transporting people by ship.

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The Ingeborg

The name of the boat

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Who is Great-aunt Birte?

Was this Great-aunt real?

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What did Annemarie and Ellen do?

It was too cold to try to have a dip.

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What wasn't brought to the home of the sick?

They had no food to fix.

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What is the Resistance?

Name of Peter's letter after death and Lise's cause of it.

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What did he do with the baby?

Peter helped do what?

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What did the soldier do?

It was given to him from one solider.

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What did Annemarie have?

She had no other thing.

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Study Notes

Introduction

  • Lois Lowry wrote Number the Stars more than 20 years ago.
  • Annelise Platt is the author's friend in Copenhagen who experienced it for real
  • The Newbery Medal was awarded to it in 1990.
  • It is about people doing the right thing in a difficult world.
  • The author wrote many parts based on the real life experiences

Running Interrupted

  • Annemarie and Ellen are racing when stopped by German soldiers in Copenhagen.
  • The soldier's Danish is poor.
  • Annemarie is racing to prepare for the athletic meet on Friday.
  • The soldier asks Annemarie what is in her backpack, and she states it is schoolbooks.
  • The soldier asks their names, and notes Ellen's dark hair.
  • Kirsti pushes the soldier's hand away.
  • Soldiers speak German and laugh.
  • The soldier tells them to go home to study.
  • The girls walk towards their apartment building, and purposefully don't look at two other soldiers.
  • Ellen admits she was scared.
  • Kirsti tells Mrs. Johansen about the soldier, exaggerating.
  • Mrs. Johansen and Mrs. Rosen discuss the Resistance and De Frie Danske, an illegal newspaper.
  • Mrs. Rosen says that Danes are determined to bring harm to the Nazis in secret.
  • Mrs. Rosen wants to talk to Ellen.
  • Mrs. Rosen tells the girls to take different routes to school.
  • Mrs. Rosen reminds them not to give the soldiers reason to remember their faces and to blend in.
  • Kirsti says the soldier said she looked like his little girl.
  • Mrs. Johansen wonders why the soldier doesn't return to his daughter rather than occupy Denmark.
  • They eat bread with no butter.
  • Kirsti wishes for a cupcake with pink frosting.
  • Mrs. Johansen wishes for the end of the war when soldiers leave, glancing out the window.

Danish Pride

  • Kirsti asks Annemarie to tell her a fairy tale with a King, Queen, and beautiful daughter.
  • Annemarie makes up a story about Princess Kirsten.
  • Annemarie thinks about the real King, Christian X.
  • Annemarie remembers when she was younger and would wave to King Christian, and Lise had told her she was special forever.
  • Papa told a story of a German soldier who was unaware of King Christian.
  • The soldier asked who the man who rides past every morning on his horse was.
  • A boy said that "all of Denmark is his bodyguard."
  • Annemarie had shivered because it was a brave answer.
  • Papa had stated that all Danish citizens would die for the King.
  • Mama had been crocheting the lacy edging of a pillowcase 3 years prior for Lise's trousseau.
  • Annemarie wondered why the King didn't fight the Nazis.
  • Papa said they are a tiny country and they are a wise king who was aware Denmark had few soldiers and many would die if they fought
  • Annemarie had pictured Norway, which is pink, crushed by a fist.
  • There are German soldiers in Norway, Holland, Belgium, and France, but not Sweden.
  • Uncle Henrik lives North of Copenhagen, and looking across the Kattegat, you can see Sweden.
  • Mama and Papa never speak of Lise and never open her trunk with Lise's wedding dress.
  • Peter, Lise's fiancé, stopped by less often and doesn't sing anymore.
  • Papa had changed and seemed defeated.
  • Annemarie completes a fairy tale for Kirsti.

Missing Shopkeepers

  • Days of September passed with Annemarie and Ellen walking to school, and home again, now taking the longer way, avoiding the tall soldier and his partner.
  • The mothers still had their "coffee" together.
  • They began to knit mittens, because another winter was coming (with no fuel).
  • The Johansens installed a little stove to use for heat when they could find coal.
  • Electricity was rationed.
  • Mama used the stove for cooking. Otherwise, they used candles.
  • Ellen's father, a teacher, complained that he couldn't see in the dim light.
  • Mama said they would have to add another blanket to their bed.
  • Kirsti and she are lucky to have each other.
  • She remembers when Kirsti slept between Mama and Papa, and she would wet the bed in the middle of the night.
  • Mama laughed and kissed Kirsti on the cheek.
  • A button on Kirsti's jacket was broken.
  • Annemarie was to take Kirsti after school to Mrs. Hirsch's shop to get one with the kroner her mother provided
  • They found Mrs. Hirsch's shop closed with a new padlock and a sign in German they couldn't read.
  • Ellen last saw Mrs. Hirsch on Saturday with her husband and son, though the son always looks like a horror.
  • Kirsti thinks the Hirsches all went on a vacation to the seashore.
  • Annemarie sarcastically suggested they took a pink frosted cupcake
  • No one in Copenhagen has taken a vacation to the seashore since the war began.
  • There have been no pink frosted cupcakes in months.
  • Mama was troubled by the news and asked if they were sure.
  • Annemarie was to watch Kirsti, and start peeling the potatoes for dinner
  • Kirsti had a swastika on it.
  • Mrs. Johansen said she wants to talk to Mrs. Rosen.
  • Annemarie puzzled as her mother leaves.
  • It seems they had potatoes for dinner every night.

A Visitor and a Revelation

  • Annemarie was almost asleep when there was a knock on the door.
  • Peter was there.
  • Copenhagen had an 8:00 PM curfew, making it dangerous.
  • Peter is like a son to them.
  • Peter brought two seashells, one for each girl.
  • For Mama and Papa he brought two bottles of beer.
  • Peter relates that the Germans have issued orders closing many stores run by Jews.
  • Annemarie asks if that is why Mrs. Hirsch is closed
  • Peter states it's their way of tormenting and that they were going to start to target the Jews.
  • Annemarie asked if they can't sell their buttons, how are they going to earn a living?
  • Mama said friends will take care of friends.
  • Mama had talked to Mrs. Rosen and she knows what is happening, but doesn't think it will affect them.
  • Mr. Rosen is a teacher and they can't close a whole school.
  • Peter says the Rosens will be alright, but to keep an eye on Ellen and stay away from the soldiers
  • Annemarie thinks that all of Denmark must be bodyguard for the Jews, too.
  • Peter leaves and hugs her again.
  • Annemarie recalls times had announced proudly that she would also die to protect the King.
  • As a ten year old, she has no silly dreams of pink frosted cupcakes
  • She wasn't sure if she would die to protect them
  • She feels frightened.
  • She was glad to be an ordinary person who would not be called upon for courage.

An Evening Interrupted

  • While Mama was out shopping with Kirsti, Annemarie and Ellen were spread out in the apartment playing with paper dolls.
  • The paper dolls were cut out of Mama's magazines from past years, old fashioned styles and clothes
  • The girls gave the dolls names from Mama's very favorite book, Gone with the Wind
  • Mama had told Annemarie and Ellen the entire story of Gone With the Wind, and the girls thought it much more interesting and romantic than the king-and-queen tales that Kirsti loved.
  • Kirsti stomped in crying with Mama setting a package down
  • Annemarie and Ellen asked what was wrong, and Mama told them that she bought Kirsti shoes but Kirsti didn't like them
  • Kirsti said the shoes are ugly fish shoes with black ink
  • There's no leather anymore, only fish skin Ellen said that it was only the color that was ugly
  • Ellen said her father has a jar of black ink and Ellen would see about making them black
  • Ellen said she would take them home to get her father to make them black
  • Mama thinks a black pair of shoes would be an improvement.
  • Kirsti pondered if they could by shiny and only if no one would know they are fish
  • Kirsti asked if she could play, and Annemarie didn't mind.
  • They were playing "Gone with the Wind" with Melanie and Scarlett.
  • Kirsti was Bonnie who is going to the ball.
  • Ellen mentioned the girls should go somewhere else then the ball, they should got of Tivoli
  • Annemarie said the story is "Gone with the Wind is in America."
  • Kirsti is singing to their doll with Tivoli.
  • Ellen said it was ok because the girls to go to Tivoli.
  • Annemarie smiled and walked her Scarlett toward the chair that Ellen had designated as Tivoli
  • Annemarie loved Tivoli
  • She said the park had taken her there a while ago
  • She remembers bright colors, the carousel and ice cream
  • Kirsti said the Fireworks were best, and she remembers them
  • Annemarie said she never saw the fireworks
  • Kirstie said that it was a birthday waking up the fireworks was part of the present.
  • Annemarie didn't want to play, and Ellen said she needed to go home and clean.
  • Ellen reminded them that Thursday is going to be the Jewish New Year
  • Annemarie agreed she would got watch Kirsti's mom light then the two girls can too.
  • Annemarie and Kirsti had often been invited to watch Mrs. Rosen light the Sabbath candles on Friday evenings, She covered her head with a cloth and said a special prayer in Hebrew as she did so.
  • Annemarie always stood very quietly, awed, to watch; even Kirsti, usually such a chatterbox, was always still at that time. They didn't understand the words or the meaning, but they could feel what a special time it was for the Rosens
  • Kirsti mentions the her black shoes again.
  • Annemarie waves to Ellen, who happily waves back.
  • Annemarie comments to Kirsti that Ellen doesn't have to go to school, to which Kristie says is no fun.
  • Later that afternoon Mrs. Rosen asked if Ellen to going to stay over for the week, she and the parents are visiting some relative. Kirsti was about to pout, but Mama said how she would tell a special story tonight.
  • And one involving Kings and Queens, which Kristie requests
  • Though Mrs. Rosen had sent her chicken to the Johansens, and Anna made a dinner though it was cheerless laughter
  • Ellen and Annemarie with Papa were questioned about it afterwords, and it to know them was to watch them.
  • Mama states she has long story the tell, she vanished with Kirsti to the bedroom, to tell those stories.
  • Papa face was troublous
  • Later Papa went to brush Annemarie hair, and they told each other stories from then to the end.

Darkness Falls

  • Ellen asked nervoursly, turning to Annemarie in the bedroom if they would really come.
  • To Anna, her father doesn't so, but they are always threatening.
  • Ellen pretended to be as Lies when she was the Dark Queen to have the chance to practice with what you know what is out their.
  • If you told this the dark queen is who has been to go their will be a chance to practice action and how tall.
  • She and Kristen were out to the hopsital
  • With Ellen it makes it less frightening and so they wispered.
  • Annemarie and her friends got ready for sleep in the bedroom
  • They were no, that whispered
  • Annermarie is out of the town and the funeral
  • Now she doesn't no but has moved away from the town and is still with Ellen and the boys.
  • She said as if a while back since the way everything was so little with the girls and that the new years
  • The night is long, no one come to the house. Ellen put hair back together.

Secrets Revealed

  • Hours later they will woken by the sound of what had
  • The bed was close to the bed
  • Elen was by sitting and was back together
  • Annemarie was close to the bed.
  • The girls will close to have their things with the clothes
  • They went to the front of the room as the other will to follow
  • Annearie and the men in the roon
  • Her is where the to see Ellen and the
  • She is going to do the best she can.
  • It is important that you say you love them.
  • They will all die after they are put back.

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