Nucleus and Cell Control
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Questions and Answers

What is the main role of the nucleus in a cell?

  • Regulation of cell growth and multiplication (correct)
  • Transport of molecules within the cell
  • Production of energy for the cell
  • Protection of the cell membrane

What is the function of DNA in the nucleus?

  • Directing blood circulation in the body
  • Regulating body temperature
  • Assisting in digestion processes
  • Controlling chemical changes within cells (correct)

What are the levels of DNA packaging from smallest to biggest?

  • DNA helix -> Histone -> Nucleosome -> Chromosomes
  • Chromatin -> Nucleosome -> Histone -> DNA helix (correct)
  • Nucleosome -> Chromatin -> DNA helix -> Histone
  • Histone -> DNA helix -> Nucleosome -> Chromatin

What is the composition of a nucleotide in DNA?

<p>A 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the phosphate group in DNA?

<p>Provides stability to the DNA molecule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base is found only in RNA and not in DNA?

<p>Uracil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do nucleosides differ from nucleotides?

<p>Nucleosides lack a phosphate group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond links adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand?

<p>Phosphodiester bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which DNA groove is wider and deeper, providing sites for sequence-specific interactions with proteins?

<p>Major groove (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process targets histones by removing acetyl groups, thereby tightening the interaction between histone and DNA?

<p>Deacetylation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proteins in a cell?

<p>Building cell structures and enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the triplet code in protein synthesis?

<p>It codes for specific amino acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the nucleus exert control over cellular activities?

<p>Through regulating gene expression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of chromosomes within a cell?

<p>To package DNA into thread-like structures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

<p>Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for mRNA to be transported to the cytosol after transcription?

<p>To serve as a template for protein synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the type of proteins and enzymes formed in a cell?

<p>Genetic material within the nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when each strand of DNA makes a new partner before cell division?

<p>New DNA molecules are synthesized (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the translation of RNA into protein?

<p>Translation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of triplets in the genetic code?

<p>Coding for specific amino acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA considered the 'control room' of the cell?

<p>It regulates gene expression and enzyme formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

<p>Decode mRNA and assemble amino acids into proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nucleosomes in DNA packaging?

<p>To compact and organize DNA into a more condensed structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a nucleotide in DNA is responsible for determining the genetic information encoded by DNA?

<p>Nitrogen-containing base (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chromosomes in a cell?

<p>Organizing and packaging DNA into discrete units (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of histone deacetylation in Huntington's disease?

<p>Loosens the interaction between histone and DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do purines and pyrimidines differ in nucleic acids?

<p>Purines have two heterocyclic rings, while pyrimidines have one (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of phosphodiester bonds in DNA?

<p>They link adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand, providing structural integrity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the central dogma?

<p>Maintaining the genetic information flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the process of transcription impact gene expression?

<p>It regulates the production of mRNA from DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of histones in DNA packaging?

<p>Histones support the DNA structure within chromosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cellular location does translation primarily occur?

<p>Cytosol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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