Nucleus and Cell Control
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Questions and Answers

What is the main role of the nucleus in a cell?

  • Regulation of cell growth and multiplication (correct)
  • Transport of molecules within the cell
  • Production of energy for the cell
  • Protection of the cell membrane
  • What is the function of DNA in the nucleus?

  • Directing blood circulation in the body
  • Regulating body temperature
  • Assisting in digestion processes
  • Controlling chemical changes within cells (correct)
  • What are the levels of DNA packaging from smallest to biggest?

  • DNA helix -> Histone -> Nucleosome -> Chromosomes
  • Chromatin -> Nucleosome -> Histone -> DNA helix (correct)
  • Nucleosome -> Chromatin -> DNA helix -> Histone
  • Histone -> DNA helix -> Nucleosome -> Chromatin
  • What is the composition of a nucleotide in DNA?

    <p>A 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the phosphate group in DNA?

    <p>Provides stability to the DNA molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nitrogenous base is found only in RNA and not in DNA?

    <p>Uracil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do nucleosides differ from nucleotides?

    <p>Nucleosides lack a phosphate group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond links adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand?

    <p>Phosphodiester bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DNA groove is wider and deeper, providing sites for sequence-specific interactions with proteins?

    <p>Major groove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process targets histones by removing acetyl groups, thereby tightening the interaction between histone and DNA?

    <p>Deacetylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proteins in a cell?

    <p>Building cell structures and enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the triplet code in protein synthesis?

    <p>It codes for specific amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the nucleus exert control over cellular activities?

    <p>Through regulating gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of chromosomes within a cell?

    <p>To package DNA into thread-like structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

    <p>Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for mRNA to be transported to the cytosol after transcription?

    <p>To serve as a template for protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the type of proteins and enzymes formed in a cell?

    <p>Genetic material within the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when each strand of DNA makes a new partner before cell division?

    <p>New DNA molecules are synthesized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the translation of RNA into protein?

    <p>Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of triplets in the genetic code?

    <p>Coding for specific amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is DNA considered the 'control room' of the cell?

    <p>It regulates gene expression and enzyme formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

    <p>Decode mRNA and assemble amino acids into proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of nucleosomes in DNA packaging?

    <p>To compact and organize DNA into a more condensed structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a nucleotide in DNA is responsible for determining the genetic information encoded by DNA?

    <p>Nitrogen-containing base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of chromosomes in a cell?

    <p>Organizing and packaging DNA into discrete units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone deacetylation in Huntington's disease?

    <p>Loosens the interaction between histone and DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do purines and pyrimidines differ in nucleic acids?

    <p>Purines have two heterocyclic rings, while pyrimidines have one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of phosphodiester bonds in DNA?

    <p>They link adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand, providing structural integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the central dogma?

    <p>Maintaining the genetic information flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the process of transcription impact gene expression?

    <p>It regulates the production of mRNA from DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of histones in DNA packaging?

    <p>Histones support the DNA structure within chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cellular location does translation primarily occur?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

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