Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA Introduction
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of DNA in an organism?

  • Assisting in cellular functions
  • Composing unbranched polymers
  • Storing and transmitting genetic information (correct)
  • Translating genetic information into proteins

    • How many nucleic acids are there?

  • One: DNA
  • Four: Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
  • Two: DNA and RNA (correct)
  • Three: DNA, RNA, and proteins

    • Where is DNA contained in a human cell?

  • Nucleus (correct)
  • Mitochondria
  • Cytoplasm
  • Endoplasmic reticulum

    • What is the aldopentose monosaccharide in RNA?

    <p>D-ribose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many nucleotides do RNA molecules typically have?

    <p>A few thousand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is contained in the nucleotide monomers of DNA and RNA?

    <p>A monosaccharide, a N-containing base, and a phosphate group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suffix used to name a nucleoside derived from a pyrimidine base?

    <p>-idine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about RNA?

    <p>It contains bases A, G, C, and U</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviation for cytidine 5′-monophosphate?

    <p>CMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the nucleotide derived from a purine base joined with a phosphate group?

    <p>Adenosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA, the sequence of the bases carries the genetic information of the organism. What is the name given to this sequence?

    <p>Primary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviation for deoxyadenosine 5’-monophosphate?

    <p>dAMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nucleotide is an example of a triphosphate?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of nucleotide content?

    <p>DNA contains D-2-deoxyribose as the monosaccharide while RNA contains D-ribose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the number of nucleotides in DNA compare to that in RNA?

    <p>RNA molecules have fewer nucleotides than DNA molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RNA in the cellular function?

    <p>RNA translates the genetic information contained in DNA into proteins needed for all cellular function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is DNA contained in a human cell?

    <p>In the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is common to both DNA and RNA nucleotides?

    <p>A phosphate group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a gene in a DNA molecule?

    <p>The gene translates genetic information into proteins needed for cellular function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which suffix is used to name a nucleoside derived from a purine base?

    <p>‐osine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviation for deoxyadenosine 5’-monophosphate?

    <p>dAMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to a polynucleotide reading from the 5’ end to the 3’ end with a sequence of CATG?

    <p>Cytosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of DNA in an organism?

    <p>Stores and transmits genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is contained in the nucleotide monomers of DNA and RNA?

    <p>Bases and phosphate groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nucleotide is an example of a triphosphate?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the nucleotide derived from a pyrimidine base joined with a phosphate group?

    <p>CMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA, where do the sugar-phosphate groups lie in relation to the bases?

    <p>Outside the helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) joined together?

    <p>Phosphodiester linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to a Nucleoside formed by joining the anomeric carbon of the monosaccharide with a N atom of the base?

    <p><em>-idine</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

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