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Nucleic Acids and Proteins Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What three components form nucleic acids?

A pentose sugar, an acid, and a phosphate group
A pentose sugar, a base, and a phosphate group (correct)
A hexose sugar, a base, and a sulfate group
A hexose sugar, an acid, and a sulfate group

Which of the following describes the main function of proteins?

Carrying hormones and providing structural support (correct)
Storing genetic information
Forming the cell membrane
Providing a source of immediate energy

What type of bond links each amino acid to its neighbor in a protein?

Glycosidic bond
Ester bond
Hydrogen bond
Peptide bond (correct)

What is the key difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?

<p>A nucleotide contains phosphate groups, while a nucleoside does not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the 20 commonly occurring amino acids differ from one another?

<p>They differ in the R group or side-chain. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nucleic Acids

Polymers made of pentose sugars, a base, and a phosphate group; includes DNA and RNA.

Nucleoside

A compound formed between a sugar and one of the five nucleotide bases.

Nucleotides

Nucleosides with one or more phosphate groups attached; the building blocks of genes.

Proteins

Macromolecules with diverse functions, including acting as enzymes and providing structural support.

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Amino Acids

Monomers consisting of a central carbon bonded to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and an R group.