10 Questions
What are the two types of nucleic acids?
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and 2) Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?
DNA provides directions for its own replication and directs the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) which controls protein synthesis.
What are the components of a nucleotide?
Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups.
What is the process of protein synthesis called?
Protein synthesis occurs on Ribosomes and this process is called Gene expression.
What are the two families of nitrogenous bases?
The two families of nitrogenous bases are Pyrimidines and Purines.
What are the two purines?
Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)
Which nitrogenous base is found only in DNA?
Thymine (T)
What is the sugar in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What is the function of tRNA?
Brings required amino acid molecules to the ribosome during the synthesis of a polypeptide
Which nucleoside builds up as monophosphate?
A nucleoside with at least one phosphate attached to the 5’C of the sugar
Study Notes
Nucleic Acids
- There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic acid)
Role of DNA in Protein Synthesis
- DNA provides the genetic instructions for protein synthesis
Components of a Nucleotide
- A nucleotide consists of three components: a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Protein Synthesis Process
- The process of protein synthesis is called translation
Nitrogenous Bases
- There are two families of nitrogenous bases: purines and pyrimidines
- The two purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G)
- The nitrogenous base found only in DNA is thymine (T)
- Uracil (U) is found only in RNA
DNA Structure
- The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose
tRNA Function
- tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis
Nucleoside Monophosphate
- Inosine monophosphate (IMP) builds up as a monophosphate
Test your knowledge about nucleic acids, genetic inheritance, and the roles of DNA and RNA in storing and transmitting hereditary information. This quiz covers concepts related to the programming of amino acid sequences by genes, the structure of DNA and RNA, and the functions of nucleotides.
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