Nucleases in Molecular Biology Lecture
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Nucleases in Molecular Biology Lecture

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of nucleases in cellular processes?

  • Assist in the translation of mRNA into proteins
  • Degrade DNA molecules by breaking phosphodiester bonds (correct)
  • Facilitate the synthesis of DNA and RNA
  • Promote the formation of phosphodiester bonds in DNA

    • What is the main characteristic of restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases)?

  • They catalyze hydrolysis of terminal nucleotides from the end of DNA
  • They facilitate DNA replication
  • They promote RNA processing
  • They recognize specific base sequences and cleave internal phosphodiester bonds within DNA (correct)

    • Which type of nuclease catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal nucleotides from the end of DNA or RNA molecule?

  • Exonucleases in the 5’ to 3’ direction (correct)
  • Endonucleases in the 5’ to 3’ direction
  • Endonucleases in the 3’ to 5’ direction
  • Exonucleases in the 3’ to 5’ direction

    • Who were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for the discovery and characterization of numerous restriction endonucleases?

    <p>Daniel Nathans, Werner Arber, and Hamilton O. Smith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was the first restriction endonuclease enzyme HindII isolated?

    <p>1970</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nuclease can recognize specific base sequences within DNA or RNA molecules and cleave internal phosphodiester bonds?

    <p>Endonucleases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases)?

    <p>Cleaving DNA sequence at random sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for the discovery and characterization of numerous restriction endonucleases?

    <p>Werner Arber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of exonucleases?

    <p>Catalyzing hydrolysis of terminal nucleotides from the end of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the first restriction endonuclease enzyme HindII?

    <p>It was used as an essential tool in recombinant DNA technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

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