Nuclear Receptors and Glucocorticoid Receptor

Intracellular

Anti-inflammatory

Agonists bind to and activate receptors, while antagonists bind to, but do not activate receptors

<p>By physically plugging the ion channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analgesics like paracetamol, which inhibit cyclooxygenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phospholipase C activation, generating inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol as second messengers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anti-cancer drug fluorouracil, which replaces uracil in purine biosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ciclesonide, which is converted to the active metabolite in the lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Membrane-bound, responding to metabolism, growth, and differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transport ions and small organic molecules across cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphorylation of intracellular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulatory, activating adenylate cyclase to generate cAMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzyme-linked receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minutes, slow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respond to extracellular signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activation of G proteins, which in turn activate downstream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C, leading to changes in second messenger systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzyme-linked receptors have intrinsic enzyme activity, whereas G protein-coupled receptors rely on activation of separate G proteins to initiate signaling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agonists bind to receptors, activating them and triggering a response, often mimicking the action of endogenous ligands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Milliseconds to seconds, depending on the specific receptor and signaling pathway.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To amplify and distribute the signal from the receptor to downstream effectors, often involving activation of protein kinases or other enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directly regulating ion flow across the plasma membrane, often leading to rapid changes in membrane potential or electrical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To act as molecular switches, transmitting signals from activated receptors to downstream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptors respond to ligand binding, whereas enzymes are targets for inhibitor or activator molecules that modulate their activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How they transduce the signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ACh binding alters ion channel structure and ions flow into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collection of proteins form central pore / channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ion channel is closed, and no ion flow occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To regulate ion flow into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ion channel structure changes, allowing ions to flow into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptors within a superfamily use similar transduction processes and have similar structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct ion flow into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>milliseconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>G protein-coupled receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>activates adenylate cyclase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>to produce paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>G protein-coupled receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>guanosine nucleotide binding proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers