Nuclear Cardiology Basics

<p>Diminished perfusion with increased FDG activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is considered a research tool, especially useful for viability studies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physiologic/functional data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intracellular transport by both passive and active mechanisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continuous exchange of myocardial and extracardiac 201Tl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.5 to 4 hours after tracer injection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angina, dyspnea, fatigue, or hypotension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myocardial ischemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased sensitivity and decreased specificity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are difficult to identify (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recurrent angina at rest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Total number of defects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher count rates can be obtained (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preserved 201Tl uptake at rest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To synchronize data acquisition with the patient's cardiac cycle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Caffeine can block the vasodilatory effects of dipyridamole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attenuation by breast tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher quality images (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By utilizing blood pool imaging to assess cardiac chamber volume changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of redistribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animation of regional wall motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>140ug/kg/min (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adenosine or Dipyridamole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>stannous pyrophosphate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced flow reserve in stenotic areas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nuclear medicine technique that uses radioactive isotopes to visualize and assess the function of organs and tissues.

A type of nuclear cardiology study that uses radioactive isotopes to measure blood flow to the heart muscle. It is commonly used to assess coronary artery disease.

A radioactive isotope commonly used in myocardial perfusion imaging. It is injected intravenously and accumulates in the heart muscle proportionally to blood flow.

A type of myocardial perfusion imaging that uses a radioactive tracer to assess the heart muscle's ability to take up and retain the tracer during and after exercise. It is crucial in detecting coronary artery disease.

A type of nuclear cardiology imaging technique that uses a radioactive tracer to visualize the blood pool in the heart. The tracer is injected intravenously and its distribution is captured using a scintillation camera.

A specialized type of nuclear cardiology imaging technique that uses a radioactive tracer and a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner to measure the metabolism of the heart muscle. It can detect coronary artery disease and help in assessing the severity and extent of damage.

The phenomenon that refers to regions of the heart muscle that initially appear abnormal on myocardial perfusion imaging with Thallium-201 but show improvement in tracer uptake on delayed imaging, indicating a reversible ischemic event.

A type of nuclear cardiology imaging technique that uses a specialized camera to acquire three-dimensional images of the heart. SPECT provides more detailed and precise information about the location and extent of heart abnormalities compared to planar imaging.

A type of nuclear imaging using 99mTc sestamibi, a lipophilic cationic 99mTc-complex, to assess myocardial perfusion. Uptake is proportional to blood flow.

A radiopharmaceutical used in nuclear medicine for perfusion imaging of the heart. It's a lipophilic cationic 99mTc-complex, meaning it accumulates in areas with good blood flow.

The ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who have the condition being tested for.

The ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who do NOT have the condition being tested for.

A type of nuclear imaging using 201Tl to assess myocardial perfusion.

A method used in nuclear medicine to evaluate heart health. It involves administering 201Tl to patients at rest and during exercise, then comparing the uptake patterns of the tracer.

A technique for assessing myocardial perfusion where the patient is unable to exercise.

A specific type of pharmacologic stress test using adenosine or dipyridamole to dilate blood vessels and assess flow reserve.

A pharmacological stress test that uses dipyridamole to induce vasodilation and reveal coronary artery disease (CAD). It's useful for pre-operative evaluation of vascular surgery patients.

A pharmacological stress test that uses adenosine to induce vasodilation and reveal coronary artery disease (CAD). It's an alternative to dipyridamole for patients with contraindications.

A type of nuclear imaging that provides information about the size and function of the heart's chambers, particularly the left ventricle.

A method in radionuclide angiography that uses a single bolus of a radioactive tracer injected intravenously to assess the heart's pumping ability.

A method in radionuclide angiography that involves multiple gated acquisitions during different stages of the cardiac cycle, providing a more detailed assessment of heart function.

A type of pharmacological stress test that uses medication to induce vasodilation and reveal coronary artery disease (CAD). It's an alternative to exercise stress testing.

A type of cardiac imaging that uses a radioactive tracer to visualize the heart muscle and detect areas of reduced blood flow. Used for different purposes like pre-op evaluation or monitoring cancer patients.

MUGA scanning is a non-invasive technique that uses radioactive isotopes to measure the ejection fraction (EF) of the heart ventricles. This method is less invasive than an echocardiogram and is often used to assess the overall function of the heart, especially in cases where a patient may not be suitable for an echocardiogram. Notably, it does not rely on geometric assumptions for calculating the EF, making it a highly reliable method.

Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, is a condition where a portion of the heart muscle is damaged due to insufficient blood supply. This damage is usually caused by a blockage in a coronary artery leading to the affected area. Imaging techniques involving radioactive isotopes can be used to pinpoint the location of the damaged tissue.

Indium-111 (111In) antimyosin antibodies are used to detect heart muscle damage. They are injected into the bloodstream and bind to damaged heart muscle, making it visible on a scan. This technique is particularly helpful in identifying patients with late-onset myocardial infarction (more than two days after symptoms) and also those who may have experienced a heart attack during surgery.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a sophisticated imaging technique that utilizes short-lived positron-emitting isotopes to create images of the body's organs, including the heart. It offers a more detailed look at specific metabolic processes within the heart, enabling doctors to diagnose conditions that affect heart function, such as myocardial viability - the ability of the heart muscle to survive despite a reduced blood supply.

PET scans, specifically those using FDG (18F, 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose), can assess the viability of heart muscle. Increased FDG activity suggests a 'stunned' or 'hibernating' myocardium, while decreased FDG activity with reduced perfusion indicates a lack of viability. PET scans are valuable research tools for understanding heart muscle function.