Podcast
Questions and Answers
A stroke only affects one side of the brain.
A stroke only affects one side of the brain.
False (B)
What type of survey approach should be used for a comprehensive nursing assessment?
What type of survey approach should be used for a comprehensive nursing assessment?
Systematic primary and secondary survey approach
The role of the registered nurse within the team includes __________ management strategies for stroke patients.
The role of the registered nurse within the team includes __________ management strategies for stroke patients.
collaborative
Match the following diagnostic tests with their purpose:
Match the following diagnostic tests with their purpose:
Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of stroke?
Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of stroke?
Polypharmacy can complicate nursing care for stroke patients.
Polypharmacy can complicate nursing care for stroke patients.
What is the critical analysis process mentioned in the objectives?
What is the critical analysis process mentioned in the objectives?
The website __________ offers valuable resources for stroke education.
The website __________ offers valuable resources for stroke education.
What is an important consideration when assessing a patient's deterioration?
What is an important consideration when assessing a patient's deterioration?
What is a modifiable risk factor for stroke?
What is a modifiable risk factor for stroke?
More women die from strokes compared to men.
More women die from strokes compared to men.
What percentage of strokes are ischemic?
What percentage of strokes are ischemic?
Hypertension is an example of a ________ risk factor for stroke.
Hypertension is an example of a ________ risk factor for stroke.
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Which of the following groups has a higher incidence of stroke?
Which of the following groups has a higher incidence of stroke?
A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is known as a 'mini stroke'.
A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is known as a 'mini stroke'.
What typically happens to TIA symptoms?
What typically happens to TIA symptoms?
The risk of stroke _______ each decade after age 55.
The risk of stroke _______ each decade after age 55.
Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for stroke?
Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for stroke?
What causes a stroke?
What causes a stroke?
A stroke is a common cause of long-term disability.
A stroke is a common cause of long-term disability.
What is the primary reason for the medical emergency status of a stroke?
What is the primary reason for the medical emergency status of a stroke?
The brain requires a continuous blood supply of __________ to function properly.
The brain requires a continuous blood supply of __________ to function properly.
Match the type of stroke with its description:
Match the type of stroke with its description:
What percentage of cardiac output is used for maintaining blood flow to the brain?
What percentage of cardiac output is used for maintaining blood flow to the brain?
Stroke occurs equally in both men and women.
Stroke occurs equally in both men and women.
What is the average time until cellular death occurs after interruption of blood flow to the brain?
What is the average time until cellular death occurs after interruption of blood flow to the brain?
Indigenous Australians and ____________ are at a higher risk for stroke.
Indigenous Australians and ____________ are at a higher risk for stroke.
What is a major risk factor for stroke in individuals older than 70 years?
What is a major risk factor for stroke in individuals older than 70 years?
What age range is most commonly associated with the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
What age range is most commonly associated with the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Multiple sclerosis is more prevalent in men than in women.
Multiple sclerosis is more prevalent in men than in women.
What is the primary cause of multiple sclerosis?
What is the primary cause of multiple sclerosis?
Multiple sclerosis is characterized by __________ of nerve fibers.
Multiple sclerosis is characterized by __________ of nerve fibers.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of multiple sclerosis?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of multiple sclerosis?
There is a definitive diagnostic test for multiple sclerosis.
There is a definitive diagnostic test for multiple sclerosis.
What is gliosis in the context of multiple sclerosis?
What is gliosis in the context of multiple sclerosis?
The prevalence of multiple sclerosis is higher in __________ climates.
The prevalence of multiple sclerosis is higher in __________ climates.
Which factor is NOT associated with multiple sclerosis?
Which factor is NOT associated with multiple sclerosis?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Parkinson's disease?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Parkinson's disease?
The exact cause of Parkinson's disease is known.
The exact cause of Parkinson's disease is known.
What are the four main symptomatic features of Parkinson's disease?
What are the four main symptomatic features of Parkinson's disease?
Parkinson's disease is more common in ________.
Parkinson's disease is more common in ________.
Match the following complications of Parkinson's disease to their descriptions:
Match the following complications of Parkinson's disease to their descriptions:
Which diagnostic method is used to confirm a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease?
Which diagnostic method is used to confirm a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease?
Bradykinesia refers to slowed movement.
Bradykinesia refers to slowed movement.
Name one of the genes identified as being involved in Parkinson's disease.
Name one of the genes identified as being involved in Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's disease is typically diagnosed with the acronym ________.
Parkinson's disease is typically diagnosed with the acronym ________.
What is a common medication side effect of levodopa in the context of Parkinson's disease?
What is a common medication side effect of levodopa in the context of Parkinson's disease?
What is the preferred approach for medication in treating Parkinson's disease?
What is the preferred approach for medication in treating Parkinson's disease?
Huntington's disease is characterized by a deficit in dopamine levels.
Huntington's disease is characterized by a deficit in dopamine levels.
What type of care is provided for patients with Huntington's disease?
What type of care is provided for patients with Huntington's disease?
Parkinson’s disease primarily affects the ________ neurons in the brain.
Parkinson’s disease primarily affects the ________ neurons in the brain.
Match the following conditions with their characteristics:
Match the following conditions with their characteristics:
What is one of the common symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease?
What is one of the common symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease?
Combination therapy is often required as the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease progress.
Combination therapy is often required as the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease progress.
What are the primary symptoms of Huntington's disease?
What are the primary symptoms of Huntington's disease?
Patients with degenerative neurological conditions often face challenges such as impaired ________ mobility.
Patients with degenerative neurological conditions often face challenges such as impaired ________ mobility.
Which medication therapy approach is unsuitable for treating Parkinson's disease?
Which medication therapy approach is unsuitable for treating Parkinson's disease?
Study Notes
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
- Chronic, progressive, degenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS)
- Characterized by demyelination of nerve fibers
- Onset occurs between 20 and 50 years of age
- Women are affected three times more often than men
- Prevalence is higher in temperate climates
- Cause is unknown, but is likely related to infectious, immunological, and genetic factors
- There is no definitive diagnostic test for MS
- Diagnosis is primarily based on history, signs, symptoms, and results of diagnostic tests including MRI of the brain and spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
- Differential diagnoses need to be ruled out
- Currently, there is no cure for MS
- Collaborative care aims to treat the disease process and provide symptomatic relief
- Medications are used to slow the progression of the disease
- Physical and speech therapies, including exercise and hydrotherapy, are also recommended
Parkinson's Disease (PD)
- Chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by:
- Slowing down in the initiation and execution of movement (bradykinesia)
- Increased muscle tone (rigidity)
- Tremor at rest
- Gait disturbance (shuffling and slowing)
- Exact cause of PD is unknown, but identified genes are involved
- Brain changes include reduced dopamine and Lewy bodies
- Diagnosis increases with age; more common in men
- Onset is gradual, with ongoing progression
- Symptoms include: Tremor, Rigidity, Bradykinesia, Postural instability
- Complications can arise from progressive deterioration:
- Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) leading to malnutrition and aspiration
- Generalized debilitation increasing risk of pneumonia, UTIs, and skin breakdown
- Lack of mobility causing constipation, ankle edema, and falls due to orthostatic hypotension
- Apparent complications may be due to medication side effects, particularly levodopa
- No specific tests for PD
- Diagnosis is based solely on history and clinical features, including TRAP (tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability) and asymmetric onset
- Confirmed by a positive response to antiparkinsonian medications
- MRI and CT scans are used to rule out other causes
- Antiparkinsonian medications either enhance release or supply of dopamine (dopaminergic), or antagonize or block effects of overactive cholinergic neurons in the striatum (anticholinergic)
- Use of only one medication is preferable, as it leads to fewer side effects and easier dosage adjustments
- Combination therapy is often required as the disease progresses
- Surgical therapy is an option
Huntington's Disease
- Genetically transmitted disorder
- Onset occurs between 30-50 years of age
- Affects the basal ganglia, resulting in excess dopamine
- Symptoms include:
- Excessive involuntary movement (limbs, facial muscles)
- Speech and swallowing difficulties
- Psychiatric symptoms
- There is no cure for Huntington's Disease; care is palliative
Degenerative Neurological Conditions - Priority Care Problems
- Impaired physical mobility
- Self-care deficits
- Activity intolerance
- Impaired urinary elimination
- Ineffective self-health management
- Imbalanced nutrition
- Impaired verbal communication
- Impaired swallowing
- Falls risk
- Disturbed body image
- Psychological and emotional disturbances
Example Table
| Condition | Aetiology and Pathophysiology | Onset and Symptoms | Diagnostics | Interprofessional Management |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | Unknown, likely infectious, immunological, genetic | Gradual, variable depending on location of plaques | History, symptoms, MRI, CSF analysis, ruling out differential | Medications, therapies, supportive care |
| Parkinson's Disease (PD) | Unknown, identified genes involved, reduced dopamine, Lewy bodies | Gradual, tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability | History, symptoms, response to antiparkinsonian medications, ruling out other causes | Medications, therapy, supportive care |
| Huntington's Disease | Genetically transmitted, excess dopamine | 30-50 years old, involuntary movements, speech and swallowing difficulty, psychiatric symptoms | Family history, symptoms | Supportive care |
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Description
This quiz covers the key objectives and practices for nursing care related to stroke patients as outlined in the NSG2201 course. It includes questions on assessments, management strategies, diagnostic tests, and critical considerations for stroke care. Enhance your understanding of a registered nurse's role in stroke management.
