NSAIDs: Side Effects, Adverse Effects, and Contraindications

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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of epinephrine?

  • Results in bronchodilation and vasoconstriction (correct)
  • Stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system
  • Binds to gamma and delta-adrenergic receptors
  • Leads to decreased heart rate and bronchoconstriction

Which of the following is a therapeutic use of epinephrine?

  • Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis (correct)
  • Management of diabetes
  • Treatment of hypertension
  • Prevention of stroke

What are side effects commonly associated with epinephrine?

  • Increased heart rate and palpitations (correct)
  • Constipation and dry mouth
  • Hypotension and dizziness
  • Muscle weakness and fatigue

In which scenario would epinephrine be contraindicated?

<p>Severe hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a nursing implication for administering epinephrine?

<p>Administer via intramuscular injection or intravenous infusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interaction should be carefully monitored when a patient is on epinephrine therapy?

<p>Enhanced pressure effects with tricyclic antidepressants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of albuterol?

<p>Selective agonist for beta 2 adrenergic receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition might be worsened by the use of albuterol?

<p>Bronchospasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of atenolol?

<p>Beta 1 Adrenergic Antagonist (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is commonly associated with atenolol?

<p>Hypotension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic use of bethanechol?

<p>Treating urinary retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect can be expected with bethanechol therapy?

<p>Nausea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of atenolol?

<p>Heart block greater than first degree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect associated with atenolol use?

<p>Exacerbation of asthma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drug interaction should be avoided with bethanechol?

<p>...other cholinergic agonists or cholinesterase inhibitors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about albuterol administration?

<p>Educate patients on proper inhaler techniques. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

<p>Acts on the brainstem to reduce muscle spasm and pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which herb is commonly used for mild to moderate depression?

<p>St. John's Wort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

<p>Drowsiness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of Cyclobenzaprine?

<p>Serotonin syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Aspirin?

<p>NSAID (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which herb should be avoided with CNS depressants due to additive sedative effects?

<p>Kava (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drug interaction concern with Ginkgo Biloba?

<p>Interference with anticoagulants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic effect of zolpidem (Ambien)?

<p>Improvement in sleep latency and maintenance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected by fluoxetine (Prozac)?

<p>Serotonin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is commonly associated with phenytoin (Dilantin) use?

<p>Nystagmus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does zolpidem (Ambien) produce its sedative and hypnotic effects?

<p>By enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of zolpidem (Ambien)?

<p>Severe respiratory insufficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can reduce phenytoin levels when used concurrently?

<p>Valproic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses monitor for in patients taking zolpidem (Ambien)?

<p>Signs of CNS depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of phenytoin (Dilantin) in preventing seizures?

<p>Inhibiting voltage-sensitive sodium channels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What side effect is associated with fluoxetine (Prozac) use?

<p>Gingival hyperplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should zolpidem (Ambien) be administered to patients?

<p>Immediately before bedtime (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is classified as an SNRI?

<p>Venlafaxine (Effexor) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of venlafaxine (Effexor) according to the text?

<p>Headache (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for using monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) based on the information provided?

<p>Pheochromocytoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitters does venlafaxine (Effexor) affect according to its mechanism of action?

<p>Serotonin and norepinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential serious side effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) mentioned in the text?

<p>Hypertensive crisis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of fluoxetine (Prozac) as per the text?

<p>Dry mouth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what conditions is venlafaxine (Effexor) used for treatment according to the information provided?

<p><strong>Generalized anxiety disorder</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Allopurinol?

<p>Inhibits xanthine oxidase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as a Non-opioid Analgesic?

<p>Acetaminophen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of Acetaminophen?

<p>Pain and fever reduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is associated with Indomethacin?

<p>Gastrointestinal upset (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for using Ketorolac (Toradol)?

<p>Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction may occur with Allopurinol?

<p>Increased risk of rash with ampicillin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses monitor for when a patient is taking Indomethacin?

<p>Signs of liver toxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Assess therapeutic response and adverse effects' is one of the nursing implications for which medication?

<p>Indomethacin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Monitor for signs of rash and hypersensitivity reactions' is a nursing implication for which medication?

<p>Allopurinol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary classification of Ketorolac (Toradol)?

<p>NSAID - Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Ibuprofen?

<p>Inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is Celecoxib commonly used to treat?

<p>Rheumatoid arthritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of Infliximab (Remicade)?

<p>Headache (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect associated with Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

<p>Cardiovascular events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug has a contraindication related to active peptic ulcer disease?

<p>Celecoxib (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common nursing implication for patients on Ibuprofen therapy?

<p>Assess for therapeutic response and adverse effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interacts with immunosuppressants, increasing the risk of immunosuppression?

<p>Infliximab (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect associated with Ibuprofen?

<p>Dyspepsia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drug-lab interaction involving Ibuprofen?

<p>Increased risk of bleeding with anticoagulants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect associated with Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

<p>Cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Atropine?

<p>Blocks the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a contraindication for the use of Atropine?

<p>Glaucoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of Alprazolam (Xanax) and Lorazepam (Ativan)?

<p>Sedative and anxiolytic effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect can occur with the use of Flumazenil?

<p>Seizures (with rapid administration in benzodiazepine-dependent patients) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect associated with high doses of Atropine?

<p>Confusion and hallucinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition would make a patient unsuitable for treatment with Flumazenil?

<p>History of seizures or benzodiazepine dependence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Atropine?

<p>Anticholinergic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What interaction is warned against when using Alprazolam (Xanax) or Lorazepam (Ativan)?

<p>Enhanced CNS depression with alcohol or opioids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect seen with Atropine use?

<p>Dry mouth and blurred vision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic use of epinephrine?

<p>Emergency treatment of severe allergic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect can occur with the use of excessive doses of epinephrine?

<p>Pulmonary edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of epinephrine?

<p>Narrow-angle glaucoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does epinephrine affect the sympathetic nervous system?

<p>Leads to vasoconstriction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is commonly associated with the use of epinephrine?

<p>Tremor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of combining epinephrine with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?

<p>Severe hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of zolpidem (Ambien)?

<p>Induction of sleep (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is unique to phenytoin (Dilantin) among the listed medications?

<p>Gingival hyperplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic use of fluoxetine (Prozac)?

<p>Treatment of major depressive disorder and OCD (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is associated with fluoxetine (Prozac) use?

<p>Stevens-Johnson syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common contraindication for using zolpidem (Ambien)?

<p>Severe respiratory insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a contraindication for using phenytoin (Dilantin)?

<p>Normal sinus rhythm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of albuterol?

<p>Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition would make a patient unsuitable for treatment with bethanechol?

<p>Hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with atenolol use?

<p>Bradycardia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of bethanechol?

<p>Promotion of urination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition should atenolol be used with caution?

<p>Sinus bradycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect can occur with the use of albuterol?

<p>Tachycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as an Antidote for Benzodiazepines?

<p>Flumazenil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary classification of Alprazolam (Xanax)?

<p>Benzodiazepines: Sedative-hypnotics, Anxiolytics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of Atropine use?

<p>Tachycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what condition is Flumazenil contraindicated for use?

<p>Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a drug interaction concern with Alprazolam (Xanax)?

<p>Increased risk of respiratory depression with opioids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should be avoided in patients with glaucoma?

<p>Atropine (Anticholinergic) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of Ativan (Lorazepam) use?

<p>Risk of dependence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is common to both Fluoxetine (Prozac) and Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

<p>Sexual dysfunction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)?

<p>Pheochromocytoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is specifically associated with Venlafaxine (Effexor) but not Fluoxetine (Prozac)?

<p>Increased blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential serious adverse effect of Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) like Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

<p>Hypertensive crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition would make a patient unsuitable for treatment with Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

<p>Hypersensitivity to venlafaxine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitters are affected by Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) based on their mechanism of action?

<p>Serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction is a concern when using Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)?

<p>Potentially fatal hypertensive crisis with sympathomimetic drugs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing implication for administering Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

<p>Monitor for weight gain in the patient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) but not mentioned for Fluoxetine (Prozac) or Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

<p>Hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what patients should the use of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) be avoided?

<p>Patients with congestive heart failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Ibuprofen?

<p>Inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is associated with the adverse effect of cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and stroke?

<p>Celecoxib (Celebrex) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

<p>Reduction in pain and inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as an Immunomodulator?

<p>Infliximab (Remicade) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with Infliximab (Remicade) use?

<p>Headache and nausea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is contraindicated in patients with a history of allergic reactions to sulfonamides?

<p>Celecoxib (Celebrex) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses monitor for in patients taking Infliximab (Remicade)?

<p>Signs of infection, infusion reactions, and hypersensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of long-term use of Ibuprofen?

<p>Gastric ulcers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is known to reduce the production of prostaglandins involved in inflammation, pain, and fever?

<p>Ibuprofen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is a contraindication for using Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

<p>Severe renal impairment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Ketorolac (Toradol)?

<p>Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is a concern when administering Acetaminophen (Tylenol)?

<p>Liver toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction should be monitored when a patient is on Indomethacin (Indocin)?

<p>Increased risk with anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of Allopurinol?

<p>Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition warrants caution when prescribing Indomethacin (Indocin)?

<p>History of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses monitor for when a patient is on Ketorolac (Toradol)?

<p>Signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, and cardiovascular events (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction is a concern when using Acetaminophen (Tylenol)?

<p>Enhanced effects with alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

<p>Relieving muscle spasms and associated pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which herb is traditionally used as a sleep aid to improve sleep quality?

<p>Valerian (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with Aspirin use?

<p>Gastric irritation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which herb is commonly used for mild to moderate depression?

<p>St. John's Wort (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What interaction should be avoided with Cyclobenzaprine therapy to prevent serotonin syndrome?

<p>Concurrent use of serotonergic drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what condition might Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) be used?

<p>Insomnia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Aspirin in the body?

<p>Inhibiting prostaglandin production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with the herb Ginkgo Biloba?

<p>Dizziness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect associated with Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) use?

<p>Blurred vision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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