NSAIDs: Side Effects, Adverse Effects, and Contraindications
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of epinephrine?

  • Results in bronchodilation and vasoconstriction (correct)
  • Stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system
  • Binds to gamma and delta-adrenergic receptors
  • Leads to decreased heart rate and bronchoconstriction

    • Which of the following is a therapeutic use of epinephrine?

  • Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis (correct)
  • Management of diabetes
  • Treatment of hypertension
  • Prevention of stroke

    • What are side effects commonly associated with epinephrine?

  • Increased heart rate and palpitations (correct)
  • Constipation and dry mouth
  • Hypotension and dizziness
  • Muscle weakness and fatigue

    • In which scenario would epinephrine be contraindicated?

    <p>Severe hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing implication for administering epinephrine?

    <p>Administer via intramuscular injection or intravenous infusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interaction should be carefully monitored when a patient is on epinephrine therapy?

    <p>Enhanced pressure effects with tricyclic antidepressants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of albuterol?

    <p>Selective agonist for beta 2 adrenergic receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition might be worsened by the use of albuterol?

    <p>Bronchospasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of atenolol?

    <p>Beta 1 Adrenergic Antagonist (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is commonly associated with atenolol?

    <p>Hypotension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main therapeutic use of bethanechol?

    <p>Treating urinary retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect can be expected with bethanechol therapy?

    <p>Nausea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of atenolol?

    <p>Heart block greater than first degree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect associated with atenolol use?

    <p>Exacerbation of asthma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drug interaction should be avoided with bethanechol?

    <p>...other cholinergic agonists or cholinesterase inhibitors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about albuterol administration?

    <p>Educate patients on proper inhaler techniques. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

    <p>Acts on the brainstem to reduce muscle spasm and pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which herb is commonly used for mild to moderate depression?

    <p>St. John's Wort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

    <p>Drowsiness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of Cyclobenzaprine?

    <p>Serotonin syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of Aspirin?

    <p>NSAID (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which herb should be avoided with CNS depressants due to additive sedative effects?

    <p>Kava (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drug interaction concern with Ginkgo Biloba?

    <p>Interference with anticoagulants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main therapeutic effect of zolpidem (Ambien)?

    <p>Improvement in sleep latency and maintenance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected by fluoxetine (Prozac)?

    <p>Serotonin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect is commonly associated with phenytoin (Dilantin) use?

    <p>Nystagmus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does zolpidem (Ambien) produce its sedative and hypnotic effects?

    <p>By enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of zolpidem (Ambien)?

    <p>Severe respiratory insufficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can reduce phenytoin levels when used concurrently?

    <p>Valproic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses monitor for in patients taking zolpidem (Ambien)?

    <p>Signs of CNS depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of phenytoin (Dilantin) in preventing seizures?

    <p>Inhibiting voltage-sensitive sodium channels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What side effect is associated with fluoxetine (Prozac) use?

    <p>Gingival hyperplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should zolpidem (Ambien) be administered to patients?

    <p>Immediately before bedtime (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is classified as an SNRI?

    <p>Venlafaxine (Effexor) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of venlafaxine (Effexor) according to the text?

    <p>Headache (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for using monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) based on the information provided?

    <p>Pheochromocytoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitters does venlafaxine (Effexor) affect according to its mechanism of action?

    <p>Serotonin and norepinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential serious side effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) mentioned in the text?

    <p>Hypertensive crisis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of fluoxetine (Prozac) as per the text?

    <p>Dry mouth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what conditions is venlafaxine (Effexor) used for treatment according to the information provided?

    <p><strong>Generalized anxiety disorder</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Allopurinol?

    <p>Inhibits xanthine oxidase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is classified as a Non-opioid Analgesic?

    <p>Acetaminophen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic effect of Acetaminophen?

    <p>Pain and fever reduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is associated with Indomethacin?

    <p>Gastrointestinal upset (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for using Ketorolac (Toradol)?

    <p>Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction may occur with Allopurinol?

    <p>Increased risk of rash with ampicillin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses monitor for when a patient is taking Indomethacin?

    <p>Signs of liver toxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Assess therapeutic response and adverse effects' is one of the nursing implications for which medication?

    <p>Indomethacin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Monitor for signs of rash and hypersensitivity reactions' is a nursing implication for which medication?

    <p>Allopurinol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary classification of Ketorolac (Toradol)?

    <p>NSAID - Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Ibuprofen?

    <p>Inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is Celecoxib commonly used to treat?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of Infliximab (Remicade)?

    <p>Headache (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse effect associated with Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

    <p>Cardiovascular events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has a contraindication related to active peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Celecoxib (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common nursing implication for patients on Ibuprofen therapy?

    <p>Assess for therapeutic response and adverse effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interacts with immunosuppressants, increasing the risk of immunosuppression?

    <p>Infliximab (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a side effect associated with Ibuprofen?

    <p>Dyspepsia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drug-lab interaction involving Ibuprofen?

    <p>Increased risk of bleeding with anticoagulants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect associated with Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

    <p>Cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Atropine?

    <p>Blocks the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a contraindication for the use of Atropine?

    <p>Glaucoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic effect of Alprazolam (Xanax) and Lorazepam (Ativan)?

    <p>Sedative and anxiolytic effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect can occur with the use of Flumazenil?

    <p>Seizures (with rapid administration in benzodiazepine-dependent patients) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect associated with high doses of Atropine?

    <p>Confusion and hallucinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition would make a patient unsuitable for treatment with Flumazenil?

    <p>History of seizures or benzodiazepine dependence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of Atropine?

    <p>Anticholinergic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What interaction is warned against when using Alprazolam (Xanax) or Lorazepam (Ativan)?

    <p>Enhanced CNS depression with alcohol or opioids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect seen with Atropine use?

    <p>Dry mouth and blurred vision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main therapeutic use of epinephrine?

    <p>Emergency treatment of severe allergic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect can occur with the use of excessive doses of epinephrine?

    <p>Pulmonary edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of epinephrine?

    <p>Narrow-angle glaucoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does epinephrine affect the sympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Leads to vasoconstriction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is commonly associated with the use of epinephrine?

    <p>Tremor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of combining epinephrine with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?

    <p>Severe hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic effect of zolpidem (Ambien)?

    <p>Induction of sleep (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is unique to phenytoin (Dilantin) among the listed medications?

    <p>Gingival hyperplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main therapeutic use of fluoxetine (Prozac)?

    <p>Treatment of major depressive disorder and OCD (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is associated with fluoxetine (Prozac) use?

    <p>Stevens-Johnson syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common contraindication for using zolpidem (Ambien)?

    <p>Severe respiratory insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a contraindication for using phenytoin (Dilantin)?

    <p>Normal sinus rhythm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of albuterol?

    <p>Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition would make a patient unsuitable for treatment with bethanechol?

    <p>Hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with atenolol use?

    <p>Bradycardia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic effect of bethanechol?

    <p>Promotion of urination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition should atenolol be used with caution?

    <p>Sinus bradycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect can occur with the use of albuterol?

    <p>Tachycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is classified as an Antidote for Benzodiazepines?

    <p>Flumazenil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary classification of Alprazolam (Xanax)?

    <p>Benzodiazepines: Sedative-hypnotics, Anxiolytics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of Atropine use?

    <p>Tachycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition is Flumazenil contraindicated for use?

    <p>Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a drug interaction concern with Alprazolam (Xanax)?

    <p>Increased risk of respiratory depression with opioids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication should be avoided in patients with glaucoma?

    <p>Atropine (Anticholinergic) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of Ativan (Lorazepam) use?

    <p>Risk of dependence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is common to both Fluoxetine (Prozac) and Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

    <p>Sexual dysfunction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)?

    <p>Pheochromocytoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is specifically associated with Venlafaxine (Effexor) but not Fluoxetine (Prozac)?

    <p>Increased blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential serious adverse effect of Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) like Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

    <p>Hypertensive crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition would make a patient unsuitable for treatment with Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

    <p>Hypersensitivity to venlafaxine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitters are affected by Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) based on their mechanism of action?

    <p>Serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction is a concern when using Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)?

    <p>Potentially fatal hypertensive crisis with sympathomimetic drugs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important nursing implication for administering Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

    <p>Monitor for weight gain in the patient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect associated with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) but not mentioned for Fluoxetine (Prozac) or Venlafaxine (Effexor)?

    <p>Hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what patients should the use of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) be avoided?

    <p>Patients with congestive heart failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Ibuprofen?

    <p>Inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is associated with the adverse effect of cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and stroke?

    <p>Celecoxib (Celebrex) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic effect of Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

    <p>Reduction in pain and inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is classified as an Immunomodulator?

    <p>Infliximab (Remicade) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect associated with Infliximab (Remicade) use?

    <p>Headache and nausea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is contraindicated in patients with a history of allergic reactions to sulfonamides?

    <p>Celecoxib (Celebrex) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses monitor for in patients taking Infliximab (Remicade)?

    <p>Signs of infection, infusion reactions, and hypersensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of long-term use of Ibuprofen?

    <p>Gastric ulcers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is known to reduce the production of prostaglandins involved in inflammation, pain, and fever?

    <p>Ibuprofen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is a contraindication for using Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

    <p>Severe renal impairment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Ketorolac (Toradol)?

    <p>Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is a concern when administering Acetaminophen (Tylenol)?

    <p>Liver toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction should be monitored when a patient is on Indomethacin (Indocin)?

    <p>Increased risk with anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of Allopurinol?

    <p>Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition warrants caution when prescribing Indomethacin (Indocin)?

    <p>History of gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses monitor for when a patient is on Ketorolac (Toradol)?

    <p>Signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, and cardiovascular events (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction is a concern when using Acetaminophen (Tylenol)?

    <p>Enhanced effects with alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic effect of Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

    <p>Relieving muscle spasms and associated pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which herb is traditionally used as a sleep aid to improve sleep quality?

    <p>Valerian (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with Aspirin use?

    <p>Gastric irritation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which herb is commonly used for mild to moderate depression?

    <p>St. John's Wort (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What interaction should be avoided with Cyclobenzaprine therapy to prevent serotonin syndrome?

    <p>Concurrent use of serotonergic drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what condition might Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) be used?

    <p>Insomnia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Aspirin in the body?

    <p>Inhibiting prostaglandin production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect associated with the herb Ginkgo Biloba?

    <p>Dizziness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse effect associated with Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) use?

    <p>Blurred vision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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