Questions and Answers
Which of the following are principles of public health nursing? (Select all that apply)
What are the eligibility requirements for Medicare?
End stage renal disease, elderly over 65, disabled.
What is the primary purpose of regulatory bodies in healthcare?
To protect healthcare consumers from health risks and ensure public health and welfare.
Match the following types of isolation with their corresponding diseases:
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The primary level of prevention focuses on __________.
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Medicaid eligibility is solely regulated by the federal government.
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What is the focus of community-oriented nursing?
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What was the main contribution of Florence Nightingale to nursing?
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What does the term 'modifiable risk factors' refer to?
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Which of the following are considered non-modifiable risk factors? (Select all that apply)
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Define the term 'community'.
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Study Notes
Principles of Public Health Nursing
- Health promotion focuses on enhancing community health via education and supportive policies.
- Disease prevention aims to reduce incidence through vaccines and early detection.
- Prolonging life involves improving health practices and access to care.
HIPAA Guidelines
- Protect patient confidentiality during employment transitions, allowing certain benefits retention.
Community Assessment - Nursing Process
- Assessment includes gathering community data and evaluating available resources.
- Planning develops targeted interventions based on analysis of health needs.
- Implementation executes the care plan and monitors interventions.
- Evaluation measures intervention effectiveness, identifying strengths and weaknesses.
Medicare and Medicaid
- Medicare: Federal program for individuals over 65, disabled, or with end-stage renal disease, covering hospital and outpatient care, and medications.
- Medicaid: State and federal program for low-income individuals, covering essential health services based on income and household size.
Isolation Precautions and Diseases
- HIV & STIs: Managed with standard precautions due to contact transmission.
- Tuberculosis: Requires airborne isolation; symptoms include coughing and weight loss.
- Ebola: Transmitted through droplets and body fluids; symptoms include fever and vomiting.
- Measles: Airborne isolation necessary; symptoms include fever, rash, and conjunctivitis.
- Anthrax: Contact precaution needed; presents with fever and respiratory distress.
- Botulism: Foodborne illness presenting as double vision and weakness.
- Pertussis: Airborne isolation; severe coughing spells are characteristic.
- Chlamydia/ STDs: Standard precautions; often asymptomatic but can cause urinary pain.
- West Nile Virus: Vector-borne disease.
- Smallpox: Airborne and contact isolation; symptoms include high fever and rash.
Levels of Prevention in Healthcare
- Primary Prevention: Focus on health education to prevent disease.
- Secondary Prevention: Involves screening for early detection.
- Tertiary Prevention: Aims to treat and manage existing conditions.
Reportable Notifiable Diseases
- Passive Surveillance: Relies on health providers to report cases, potentially leading to underreporting.
- Active Surveillance: Health departments actively seek information from providers for more complete data.
Healthy People 2030 Initiatives
- Goals include improving access to health services and increasing health awareness to enhance life quality.
Public Health Core Functions
- Protect community health, ensure safety from diseases, and provide adequate follow-up for health services.
Community-Based vs. Community-Oriented Nursing
- Community-Oriented Nursing: Targets disease prevention and health promotion on a broad scale.
- Community-Based Nursing: Focuses on continuity of care post-hospital discharge, including home health services.
Cold Chain Process
- Ensures vaccines are stored at proper temperatures until administration.
Windshield Survey
- Observational assessment of a community’s conditions and needs from a vehicle.
Types of Descriptive Epidemiology
- Epidemiological Triangle: Disease caused by interactions between environment, host, and agent.
- Web of Causation: Identifies modifiable risk factors to develop effective interventions.
- Person-Place-Time: Examines characteristics like demographics and time-related factors.
- Wheel Model: Considers biological, social, and physical influences on diseases with genetic links.
Community Definitions
- A community is a group sharing geographic or social parameters.
- Population refers to individuals with common characteristics; aggregate is a subgroup with shared traits.
Health Promotion Strategies
- Education on diet, exercise, sleep, and tobacco use can prevent chronic diseases.
- Advance directives clarify patients' wishes for medical treatment.
Historical Contributions
- Florence Nightingale: Established hygiene practices in nursing.
- Lilian Wald: Pioneered community health nursing and services for immigrants.
Risk Factors
- Modifiable: Diet, weight, habits (smoking and drinking).
- Non-Modifiable: Genetics.
Tuskegee Syphilis Study
- Studied untreated syphilis progression, exposing ethical violations in patient care.
Chains of Transmission
- Involves the pathway from infectious agents through susceptible hosts, including their environment and means of transfer.
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Description
Explore the key principles of public health nursing, including health promotion, disease prevention, and strategies for prolonging life, through a comprehensive study of Chapters 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, and 26. This quiz also covers essential topics like HIPAA guidelines and community assessment applications in nursing.
