Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who first coined the term 'Consequentialism'?
Who first coined the term 'Consequentialism'?
- Jeremy Bentham
- G.E.M. Anscombe (correct)
- Samuel Scheffler
- J.S. Mill
What is a fundamental claim of consequentialist theories?
What is a fundamental claim of consequentialist theories?
- Consequentialism supports absolute moral laws.
- Right or wrong is determined by consequences. (correct)
- Right actions are based on intentions.
- Moral actions have predefined rules.
According to Samuel Scheffler, what defines the right act in consequentialism?
According to Samuel Scheffler, what defines the right act in consequentialism?
- The act that aligns with personal values.
- The act that produces the best overall outcome. (correct)
- The act that garners public approval.
- The act that follows traditional morality.
Which of the following is NOT a normative consequentialist theory?
Which of the following is NOT a normative consequentialist theory?
What is considered a defining feature of consequentialist moral theory?
What is considered a defining feature of consequentialist moral theory?
Consequentialism evaluates the rightness of an action based on what?
Consequentialism evaluates the rightness of an action based on what?
What do non-consequentialists believe about certain actions?
What do non-consequentialists believe about certain actions?
In consequentialism, what must be considered when assessing alternative actions?
In consequentialism, what must be considered when assessing alternative actions?
What is the primary focus of normative ethics?
What is the primary focus of normative ethics?
Who is noted for first posing the question of how humans ought to live?
Who is noted for first posing the question of how humans ought to live?
What does 'arête' refer to in Socratic philosophy?
What does 'arête' refer to in Socratic philosophy?
What are normative ethical theories also known as?
What are normative ethical theories also known as?
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental question addressed by normative ethics?
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental question addressed by normative ethics?
What is the focus of consequentialist theories?
What is the focus of consequentialist theories?
According to Garrett Cullity, what does a normative moral theory specifically outline?
According to Garrett Cullity, what does a normative moral theory specifically outline?
Normative ethics is divided into which two types of theories?
Normative ethics is divided into which two types of theories?
Flashcards
Normative Ethics
Normative Ethics
A branch of ethics that explores how we should live, focusing on principles of right and wrong.
Fundamental Questions of Normative Ethics
Fundamental Questions of Normative Ethics
The fundamental questions addressed by normative ethics, seeking answers to how we should live, be good, and fulfill our duties.
Life of Arête
Life of Arête
A life dedicated to the pursuit of virtue, as Socrates believed was the ideal way to live.
Consequentialist Theories
Consequentialist Theories
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Non-Consequentialist Theories
Non-Consequentialist Theories
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Teleological Theories
Teleological Theories
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Non-Teleological Theories
Non-Teleological Theories
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Normative Ethical Theories
Normative Ethical Theories
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Consequentialism
Consequentialism
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Utilitarianism
Utilitarianism
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Ethical Egoism
Ethical Egoism
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Ethical Altruism
Ethical Altruism
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Non-Consequentialism
Non-Consequentialism
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Wrong Act
Wrong Act
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Consequences
Consequences
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Consequence Ranking
Consequence Ranking
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Study Notes
Normative Ethics
- Normative ethics explores fundamental questions about how to live a good life, including: how to live, what is good, happiness, rights, duties to others, and societies.
- It establishes principles and theories for determining right and wrong.
- The concept of "arête" (virtue) is a key part of normative ethics, originating in ancient Greek philosophy, particularly Socrates' dialogues.
Normative Ethical Theories
- Normative ethical theories are tools for answering how to live or what to do.
- Such theories aim to provide moral principles and standards for human behavior.
- These theories are also referred to as normative moral theories.
- They address how individuals and institutions should act morally.
- They outline what actions are morally right or wrong, good or bad.
- Two main types of normative ethical theories exist: consequentialist and non-consequentialist.
Consequentialist Theories
- Consequentialist theories judge the morality of an action based solely on its consequences.
- They focus on outcomes and prioritize producing the best overall outcome for everyone.
- Right and wrong are determined by the outcome of an action or behavior.
- Examples include: utilitarianism, ethical egoism, and ethical altruism.
Non-Consequentialist Theories
- Non-consequentialist theories judge the morality of an action based on factors other than its consequences.
- They may consider the inherent nature of the action, the will of a higher power, or moral duties.
- They might emphasize certain principles or duties, regardless of an action's outcome.
- Examples include Kantian deontology, divine command theory, and virtue ethics.
Ethical Utilitarianism
- Ethical utilitarianism is a consequentialist approach to morality.
- It suggests that the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness and well-being for the greatest number of people.
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