NonCooperation Movement in India

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of the nai – dhobi bandhs organised by panchayats?

To integrate the local peasants into the wider struggle

To provide better services to landlords

To deprive landlords of services of barbers and washermen (correct)

To organize local festivals for villagers

Who were the key figures involved in setting up the Oudh Kisan Sabha in June 1920?

Babasaheb Ambedkar and Subhas Chandra Bose

Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra, and others (correct)

Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel

Local talukdars and merchants

How did the peasant movement in Awadh differ from the expectations of the Congress leadership?

It focused solely on non-violent protests

It did not align with the wider struggle led by the Congress (correct)

It followed the directives of the Congress leadership

It aimed to collaborate with local landlords and merchants

What role did Gandhiji's name play in the actions of local leaders during the peasant movement?

It sanctioned all actions and aspirations of the peasants Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant challenge faced by the Non-Cooperation Movement that led to students and teachers returning to government schools?

Delay in establishing alternative Indian institutions Signup and view all the answers

Who led the peasant movement against talukdars and landlords in Awadh during the post-war period?

Baba Ramchandra Signup and view all the answers

What movement was a success under the leadership of Vallabhbhai Patel?

Bardoli Satyagraha Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the demands of the peasant movement in Awadh?

Reduction of revenue and abolition of begar Signup and view all the answers

Who was stopped by the police from going to the place of firing in United Provinces on 6 January 1921?

Jawaharlal Nehru Signup and view all the answers

Why did tenants in Awadh have no security of tenure and were regularly evicted from leased land?

Lack of protection laws for tenants Signup and view all the answers

Where did a militant guerrilla movement spread in the early 1920s, not approved by the Congress?

Andhra Pradesh Signup and view all the answers

What made Jawaharlal Nehru recall the idea of non-violence during a moment of weakness near Rae Bareli?

The peaceful demeanor of the peasants Signup and view all the answers

What are the different raw materials required by autotrophs aside from water in photosynthesis?

Nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and magnesium Signup and view all the answers

In the context of nutrition, what does the statement 'Each organism is adapted to its environment' imply?

Different organisms have different methods of obtaining and utilizing food Signup and view all the answers

How do autotrophs obtain nitrogen for the synthesis of proteins and other compounds?

By absorbing inorganic nitrates or nitrites from the soil Signup and view all the answers

How do autotrophs fulfill their carbon and energy requirements?

By photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in the breakdown of complex substances in organisms?

To speed up chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organisms rely directly or indirectly on autotrophs for their survival?

Heterotrophic organisms Signup and view all the answers

How are the energy and materials requirements fulfilled in autotrophic organisms?

By photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

How does Amoeba take in food?

By engulfing food using temporary finger-like extensions of the cell surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the way Amoeba and Paramoecium take in food?

Amoeba moves food to a specific spot using cilia while Paramoecium takes in food using the entire cell surface Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms mentioned in the text derive nutrition without killing their hosts?

Cuscuta and tape-worms Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Peasant Movement in Awadh

Primary goal of nai-dhobi bandhs organized by panchayats was to assert peasant rights against exploitation by landlords and talukdars.
Oudh Kisan Sabha was established in June 1920 by key figures including Baba Ramchandra and others who advocated for peasants’ rights.
The peasant movement in Awadh did not align with the expectations of the Congress leadership, as it emphasized local issues rather than a broad national agenda.
Gandhiji's name significantly influenced local leaders during the peasant movement, as it mobilized support and legitimacy for their actions.

Challenges in the Non-Cooperation Movement

A substantial challenge faced by the Non-Cooperation Movement was the return of students and teachers to government schools, driven by fears of violence and repression.
The peasant movement against talukdars and landlords in Awadh during the post-war period was led by figures like Baba Ramchandra.

Successes and Demands

Under Vallabhbhai Patel's leadership, the Bardoli Satyagraha emerged as a successful example of organized civil resistance.
Demands of the Awadh peasant movement included reduction of rent, security of tenure, and cessation of evictions from leased land.

Events and Repression

On January 6, 1921, the police stopped prominent leader Jawaharlal Nehru from reaching the site of a firing incident in the United Provinces.
Tenants in Awadh faced a lack of security of tenure and frequent evictions due to the landlords enforcing oppressive feudal practices.

Guerrilla Movements and Perspectives

A militant guerrilla movement emerged in parts of Awadh in the early 1920s, operating outside the approval of Congress leadership.
Jawaharlal Nehru had a moment of weakness near Rae Bareli, leading him to reconsider the principles of non-violence during intense hardships.

Autotrophic Nutrition

Autotrophs require raw materials such as carbon dioxide and minerals, in addition to water, for the process of photosynthesis.
The phrase "Each organism is adapted to its environment" refers to the nutritional strategies organisms develop to survive within their specific habitats.
Autotrophs obtain nitrogen for protein synthesis through processes like nitrogen fixation, facilitated by specific bacteria in the soil.
Autotrophs fulfill carbon and energy needs primarily through photosynthesis, utilizing sunlight to convert carbon dioxide into organic matter.

Enzyme Functions and Feeding Mechanisms

Enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down complex substances into simpler compounds, enabling organisms to access energy and nutrients.
Organisms like herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores rely directly or indirectly on autotrophs for survival as they form the base of the food chain.
Energy and material requirements in autotrophic organisms are met through photosynthesis and absorption of nutrients from the soil.
Amoeba ingests food through a process called phagocytosis, enveloping food particles with its cell membrane.
The main difference in food intake between Amoeba and Paramecium is that Amoeba engulfs food while Paramecium uses cilia to sweep food into its oral groove.
Some organisms obtain nutrition without killing their hosts, exemplifying parasitic relationships that allow for nutrient exchange without host death.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the NonCooperation Movement in India and its key figures like Jawaharlal Nehru and Baba Ramchandra. Learn about the organization of Oudh Kisan Sabha and the impact it had on villages in Awadh region.