36 Questions
What is the main purpose of a sampling frame?
All of the above
Which of the following is a reason a researcher may be denied access to a sampling frame?
All of the above
What is the key difference between simple random sampling and systematic sampling?
Simple random sampling is truly random, while systematic sampling is not
What is the purpose of stratified random sampling?
To ensure the sample is representative of the target population's different groups
In which research situation might a non-representative sample be more appropriate?
When the researcher is interested in the behavior of the group itself, rather than what it represents
What is the key difference between stratified random sampling and stratified quota sampling?
Stratified random sampling requires a sampling frame, while stratified quota sampling does not
What is the main purpose of opportunity sampling?
To gain the best possible opportunity to collect data
What is the key advantage of a representative sample?
It allows the researcher to make statements about the larger target population
What is the main purpose of a sampling frame, according to the text?
All of the above
Which type of sampling technique does the text describe as 'not truly random'?
Systematic sampling
What is a key advantage of non-participant observation?
It allows researchers to study sensitive or illegal behaviors without direct participation.
Which of the following statements about non-participant observation is true?
It can be used to produce quantitative data, such as counting the frequency of specific behaviors.
What is a potential limitation of non-participant observation?
It may fail to capture the depth and richness of personal experiences and motivations.
In which of the following situations would non-participant observation be most appropriate?
Observing the behavior of customers in a shopping mall without their knowledge.
Which of the following statements about non-participant observation is false?
It guarantees that the research can be easily replicated in different settings.
What is a potential ethical concern associated with non-participant observation?
Participants may not be aware that they are being observed, raising issues of consent.
What is the initial stage in the research design process?
Deciding on the research strategy and formulating research questions/hypotheses
Which type of research method is more commonly associated with using hypotheses?
Methods that produce quantitative data
What is the purpose of conducting a pilot study in the research design process?
To gather initial data and test research methods
What is the purpose of the evaluation stage in the research design process?
To assess the research process and report conclusions to a wider audience
What is the primary reason for using a sample in research instead of studying the entire target population?
To make the research process more manageable and practical
What is the significance of representativeness in the sampling process?
It ensures the characteristics of the sample accurately reflect the target population
Which factor is least likely to influence a researcher's decision on what topic to study?
Potential ethical concerns with the research topic
What is the purpose of reviewing previous research in the area being studied?
To generate ideas about what to study and how to avoid previous errors
Which stage of the research design process involves analyzing the meaning of the collected data?
Information processing
What is the purpose of using a research question instead of a hypothesis in a study?
To generate qualitative data
What was the purpose of Goldthorpe et al.'s study on car assembly workers in Luton?
To test the claim that the working class in the UK was becoming indistinguishable from the middle class
What is the principle behind snowball sampling?
Identifying individuals from the target population and asking them to suggest more potential participants
When might opportunity sampling be useful for a researcher?
When the researcher has limited knowledge about the characteristics of the target population
What is the primary purpose of conducting a pilot study before a full-scale research study?
To test the feasibility of carrying out the full-scale study
What is the purpose of operationalising concepts in sociological research?
To translate abstract concepts into measurable variables or indicators
Which of the following would be the most difficult sociological concept to operationalise?
Social class
What is the purpose of interpreting research findings?
Both a) and b)
Which of the following statements about snowball sampling is true?
It is an unrepresentative sampling technique that may be the only option in certain situations
What is one of the reasons for conducting a pilot study, according to the text?
To pre-test a research method, such as a questionnaire
What might a researcher do to operationalise the concept of 'social class'?
Ask questions about occupation or income to determine the respondent's class
Explore the concept of non-participant observation in research, where researchers observe behavior from a distance without directly participating. Learn about the ethical considerations and practical applications of this research method.
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