10 Questions
¿Cuál es una característica de la bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Produce un pigmento azul-verde llamado pioycianina
¿Cuál es la función de las enzimas producidas por Stenotrophomonas maltophilia en su patogenia?
Descomponen proteínas, lípidos y ácidos nucleicos
¿Cuál es una característica de la resistencia a antibióticos de Acinetobacter baumannii?
Producción de beta-lactamasas
¿Cuál es un tipo de infección comúnmente asociada con bacterias no fermentativas gram-negativas?
Infecciones hospitalarias
¿Cuál es un resultado común en pacientes con infecciones por Acinetobacter baumannii?
Alta mortalidad
¿Cuál es la característica distintiva de los bacilos gramnegativos no fermentativos?
Oxidar glucosa en lugar de fermentarla
¿Qué tipo de infecciones se asocian comúnmente con los bacilos gramnegativos no fermentativos?
Infecciones nosocomiales, particularmente en unidades de cuidado intensivo
¿Qué bacteria se asocia comúnmente con infecciones crónicas en individuos con fibrosis quística?
Burkholderia cepacia
¿Qué característica de Acinetobacter baumannii hace que sea un patógeno desafiante de tratar?
Su alta resistencia a los antibióticos
¿Qué dispositivo médico se asocia comúnmente con infecciones nosocomiales causadas por bacilos gramnegativos no fermentativos?
Ventiladores
Study Notes
Non-Fermentative Bacilli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Characteristics
- Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium
- Found in soil, water, and human gut
- Opportunistic pathogen, causing infections in immunocompromised individuals
- Produces blue-green pigment pyocyanin, which has antimicrobial properties
- Can form biofilms, making it resistant to antibiotics and host immune system
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Pathogenesis
- Opportunistic pathogen, often affecting immunocompromised individuals
- Causes a range of infections, including pneumonia, bacteremia, and urinary tract infections
- Produces a variety of enzymes, including proteases, lipases, and DNases, which contribute to its pathogenesis
- Can form biofilms, making it resistant to antibiotics and host immune system
Acinetobacter baumannii Drug Resistance
- Multidrug-resistant, with high levels of resistance to antibiotics, including carbapenems and aminoglycosides
- Resistance mechanisms include:
- Production of beta-lactamases, which break down antibiotics
- Alterations in porin proteins, reducing antibiotic uptake
- Activation of efflux pumps, which remove antibiotics from the cell
- High mortality rates associated with A. baumannii infections, particularly in intensive care units
Non-Fermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Group of bacteria that do not ferment glucose, including Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, and Acinetobacter
- Characterized by their ability to oxidize glucose, rather than fermenting it
- Often associated with nosocomial infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals
Hospital-Acquired Infections
- Non-fermentative bacilli are common causes of hospital-acquired infections, including:
- Pneumonia
- Urinary tract infections
- Bacteremia
- Wound infections
- Often associated with the use of medical devices, such as ventilators and catheters
- Can be difficult to treat due to high levels of antibiotic resistance
Burkholderia cepacia
- Gram-negative, aerobic bacterium
- Found in soil and water, and can colonize human respiratory tract
- Can cause chronic infections, particularly in individuals with cystic fibrosis
- Produces a variety of enzymes, including proteases and lipases, which contribute to its pathogenesis
- Can be resistant to multiple antibiotics, making treatment challenging
Learn about the characteristics and pathogenesis of non-fermentative bacilli, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Burkholderia cepacia. Understand their role in hospital-acquired infections and antibiotic resistance.
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