Nocardia Identification and Testing

What is the typical outcome of pulmonary nocardiosis?

Granuloma formation and caseation
Tuberculosis
Abscess formation (correct)
Lobar pneumonia

What is the primary method of identifying Nocardia species in most clinical laboratories?

RFLP of amplified gene fragments
Routine phenotypic tests (correct)
Gram-stained smears
Sequencing methodologies

What is the treatment of choice for Nocardiosis?

Antituberculosis therapy
Immunosuppressive therapy
Corticosteroid treatment
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (correct)

What is a common risk factor for developing Nocardiosis?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication of pulmonary Nocardiosis?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Nocardia species when stained with the modified acid-fast stain?

Weakly acid-fast (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are revealed in Gram-stained smears of Nocardia species?

Gram-positive bacilli and coccobacillary cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of RFLP of amplified gene fragments in Nocardia species identification?

It is a molecular technique used in laboratories with molecular capability (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism used by Nocardia to prevent acidification of the phagosome?

Undefined mechanism (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical route of transmission for bronchopulmonary Nocardiosis?

Inhalation of contaminated aerosols (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of Mycetoma caused by Nocardia?

Chronic, destructive, progressive disease with suppurative granulomas (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of colonization for Nocardia bacteria?

Oropharynx (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of Nocardia infection in immunocompromised patients?

Bronchopulmonary disease with possible CNS or skin spread (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of cutaneous Nocardiosis?

Suppurative granulomas and sinus tract formation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which Nocardia avoids acid phosphatase-mediated killing?

Metabolic utilization of acid phosphatase as a carbon source (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of primary cutaneous Nocardiosis?

Traumatic introduction of organisms into subcutaneous tissues (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is Nocardiosis typically initiated?

By inhalation of Nocardia bacteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Nocardia species in terms of their growth?

They are aerobic and grow on a variety of media (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge in treating Nocardiosis due to the Nocardia asteroides complex?

The complex has variable antimicrobial susceptibility (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Nocardia colonies?

They are heaped, irregular, and waxy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of the cell walls of Nocardia species?

They contain shorter-chained mycolic acids than Mycobacteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of Nocardiosis?

Subacute to chronic pulmonary infection (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Nocardia species in terms of their morphology?

They are gram-positive and catalase-positive (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Nocardia identification?

They produce urease and can digest paraffin (B) Signup and view all the answers