24 Questions
What is the typical outcome of pulmonary nocardiosis?
Abscess formation
What is the primary method of identifying Nocardia species in most clinical laboratories?
Routine phenotypic tests
What is the treatment of choice for Nocardiosis?
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
What is a common risk factor for developing Nocardiosis?
All of the above
What is a common complication of pulmonary Nocardiosis?
All of the above
What is the characteristic of Nocardia species when stained with the modified acid-fast stain?
Weakly acid-fast
What type of cells are revealed in Gram-stained smears of Nocardia species?
Gram-positive bacilli and coccobacillary cells
What is the significance of RFLP of amplified gene fragments in Nocardia species identification?
It is a molecular technique used in laboratories with molecular capability
Which of the following is a mechanism used by Nocardia to prevent acidification of the phagosome?
Undefined mechanism
What is the typical route of transmission for bronchopulmonary Nocardiosis?
Inhalation of contaminated aerosols
What is the characteristic feature of Mycetoma caused by Nocardia?
Chronic, destructive, progressive disease with suppurative granulomas
What is the primary site of colonization for Nocardia bacteria?
Oropharynx
What is the outcome of Nocardia infection in immunocompromised patients?
Bronchopulmonary disease with possible CNS or skin spread
What is the characteristic feature of cutaneous Nocardiosis?
Suppurative granulomas and sinus tract formation
What is the mechanism by which Nocardia avoids acid phosphatase-mediated killing?
Metabolic utilization of acid phosphatase as a carbon source
What is the characteristic feature of primary cutaneous Nocardiosis?
Traumatic introduction of organisms into subcutaneous tissues
How is Nocardiosis typically initiated?
By inhalation of Nocardia bacteria
What is a characteristic of Nocardia species in terms of their growth?
They are aerobic and grow on a variety of media
What is a challenge in treating Nocardiosis due to the Nocardia asteroides complex?
The complex has variable antimicrobial susceptibility
What is a characteristic of Nocardia colonies?
They are heaped, irregular, and waxy
What is a unique feature of the cell walls of Nocardia species?
They contain shorter-chained mycolic acids than Mycobacteria
What is a common symptom of Nocardiosis?
Subacute to chronic pulmonary infection
What is a characteristic of Nocardia species in terms of their morphology?
They are gram-positive and catalase-positive
What is a characteristic of Nocardia identification?
They produce urease and can digest paraffin
Quiz about identifying and testing Nocardia species, including staining techniques and molecular methodologies. Covers laboratory tests and gene sequencing.
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