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Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine: Phagocytosis

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Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine: Phagocytosis

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Questions and Answers

Who was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1908?

Metchnikoff

Ilya Mechnikov (correct)

Mechnikov

Elie Metchnikoff

What is the process by which phagocytes are chemically attracted to the site of infection?

Adherence

Opsonization

Ingestion

Chemotaxis (correct)

What is formed when a phagosome fuses with lysosomes?

Phagosome

Phagolysosome (correct)

Lysosome

Lysophagosome

What is the purpose of opsonins in the phagocytic process?

To coat the microbe and mark it for destruction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the phagocytic process?

Exocytosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell is responsible for protecting the body by ingesting foreign particles?

Phagocyte (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysozyme?

To break down gram-positive cell walls (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of the skin?

Between 3 and 5 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of transferrins?

To inhibit bacterial growth by reducing available iron (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gastritis and ulcers?

To neutralize stomach acid and grow in the stomach (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sebum?

To form a protective layer over the skin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of phagocytosis?

To engulf microorganisms and particles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of normal microbiota?

To help protect the body by competing with potential pathogens (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of phagocytic cell originates from monocytes that leave the blood and enters infected tissue?

Wandering macrophages (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered phagocytes in 1882?

Ilya Metchnikov (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is required for phagocytosis to continue?

Attachment of the phagocyte to the microbe (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fixed macrophages?

To phagocytize within a specific organ (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of phagocytosis derived from?

Greek words 'eat' and 'cell' (D) Signup and view all the answers