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What is a key characteristic that distinguishes a profession from an occupation?

Flexibility in work hours

Defined and specialized knowledge base (correct)

Availability of job opportunities

Higher earning potential

Which aspect of nursing emphasizes tailoring care to individual patient needs?

Regulatory compliance

Patient-centered care (correct)

Clinical training

Evidence-based practice

What does the accountability of nursing qualifications ensure?

Public trust in nursing services (correct)

Increased job security

Limited career paths

Higher salaries for nurses

Which of the following best describes nursing as an art?

Interpretive and communicative approach Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary component of nursing as a science?

Best practices based on evidence Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic contributes to the evolution of nursing as a profession?

Critical reflection and empirical knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What role does formal training within institutions of higher education play in nursing?

Provides a credential for employment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a recognized profession?

Focus only on profitability Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of constructivist approaches in understanding individuals?

Individuals' perceptions shape their understanding of reality. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the metaparadigm of nursing?

It has a global and neutral perspective with discrete concepts. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does metatheory focus on within the nursing discipline?

Broad issues of knowledge generation and theory development. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four concepts typically included in nursing's metaparadigm?

Nurse, person, environment, and health. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT part of the criteria for a metaparadigm?

Overlapping domains. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does postmodernism influence nursing practice?

It encourages questioning of established beliefs and practices. Signup and view all the answers

What defines middle-range theories in nursing?

They bridge the gap between grand theories and specific practice theories. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the environment include in the nursing metaparadigm?

Physical characteristics affecting patient interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'naturalism' refer to in the context of theory development?

Being situated in the forest and in the moment. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines 'empirical indicator'?

A measurable unit used to assess a theory. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'taxonomy' in theory testing?

The naming and categorizing of concepts or subjects. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a 'hypothesis'?

A testable prediction related to a theory. Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes evidence in the context of theory testing?

Outcomes that are measurable and support the hypothesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of bioethics?

Respect for individuals' rights to make informed healthcare decisions. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle involves considering what is in the patient's best interest?

Beneficence Signup and view all the answers

What does nonmaleficence mean in the context of healthcare?

Doing no harm. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of theoretical pluralism in nursing practice?

To analyze situations from multiple theoretical lenses. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of evidence-based practice (EBP)?

It enhances the integration of the latest research in clinical decisions. Signup and view all the answers

When did evidence-based practice (EBP) originate?

In the 1980s. Signup and view all the answers

Which approach does NOT align with the principles of paternalism in healthcare?

Allowing patients full control over treatment decisions. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the initial causes for the development of evidence-based practice?

To analyze the cost-effectiveness of treatments. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivator that evolves into interaction theories in cognitive learning?

Self-actualization Signup and view all the answers

Which assumption is NOT part of the adult learning theories?

Teachers must instruct all aspects of learning Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the Information Processing Model refers to the immediate processing of sensory input?

Sensory store Signup and view all the answers

What does Cognitive Load Theory suggest about working memory capacity?

Working memory can manage a limited amount of information at one time Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors that can contribute to forgetting according to Forgetting Theories?

Decay, interference, and loss of retrieval cues Signup and view all the answers

In the context of learning styles, what does 'tactile' refer to?

Learning through physical interaction Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best captures the essence of Humanistic learning theory?

Emotions positively influence learning and self-actualization Signup and view all the answers

What defines the 'working memory' in the Information Processing Model?

It manages information that may be lost if not acted upon within 20 seconds Signup and view all the answers

Which principle states that learning is activated by the learner's own actions?

Learning is personal and individualized Signup and view all the answers

In virtue ethics, what is emphasized as essential for making moral decisions?

Knowledge and wisdom Signup and view all the answers

What does the categorical imperative emphasize in ethical decision-making?

Universal respect for others Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of deontology?

Duties are absolute and non-negotiable Signup and view all the answers

What does Rawls’ theory of ethics emphasize for fair decision-making?

Veil of ignorance for equality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of utilitarianism in ethical decision-making?

Maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes morality?

Cultural beliefs about right and wrong Signup and view all the answers

What describes the process of casuistry in ethics?

Analyzing new cases against past influential cases Signup and view all the answers

What is a key requirement for clinical expertise in nursing?

Education, experience, literature review, and supervision Signup and view all the answers

Which approach emphasizes the patient's right to make their own healthcare decisions?

Participatory model of decision-making Signup and view all the answers

What concept serves as the foundation for the principles of Relationship Centred Care (RCC)?

Complex responsive process of relating Signup and view all the answers

What is one future issue concerning theory development in nursing?

Enhancements in middle range and practice-specific theories Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the implementation of Best Practice Guidelines (BPG) is accurate?

Implementation requires adaptation to specific contexts. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary feature of middle-range theories in nursing?

They facilitate the measurement and prediction of relationships between variables. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following concepts is NOT one of the five central concepts of Benner's theory?

Patient autonomy Signup and view all the answers

In Benner's model of skill acquisition, what stage comes after 'advanced beginner'?

Competent Signup and view all the answers

Which relationship type between concepts describes the ability to foresee outcomes based on observed data?

Prediction Signup and view all the answers

What role do theories play in nursing practice?

They help determine real-world applications of nursing care. Signup and view all the answers

What does Meleis' transition theory specifically address?

The patterns and nature of patient transitions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the theory process relevant to nursing?

Ignoring variables Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the primary product of a theory in nursing?

Concepts and relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the most complex and broadest type of theory?

Grand theory Signup and view all the answers

Which theory focuses on specific behaviors to build trust?

Middle range theory Signup and view all the answers

What best describes a practice theory?

A microtheory that is situation specific Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a building block of theory?

Conceptual framework Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a phenomenon in theory building?

The nature of therapeutic relationships Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes middle range theories?

They consist of concrete concepts and can be empirically tested Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates a construct from a concept in theory building?

Constructs can be operationally defined and tested when broken down Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a hypothesized relationship between concepts?

Theorem Signup and view all the answers

What does cognitive behavioral theory emphasize as a changeable aspect of personality?

Learned behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is central to rational emotive theory?

Distorted thoughts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of humanistic theories in psychology?

Self-actualization and personal potential Signup and view all the answers

What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggest about psychological development?

Basic needs must be met before higher needs can be pursued Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes operant conditioning?

Manipulating behavior through reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What is a key tenet of general adaptation theory?

Adaptation to stress includes phases of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the principle behind cognitive restructuring in cognitive theory?

Recognizing and altering false cognitions can change behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes stress coping adaptation theory from other stress theories?

Emphasis on the uniqueness of individual stress responses Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern of not using theory in nursing practice?

Higher risk of errors Signup and view all the answers

When selecting a nursing theory for practice, what factor is NOT essential to consider?

The educational background of the nurse Signup and view all the answers

In nursing administration, which model focuses on creating a vision and sustaining organizational trust?

Transformational leadership model Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the relationship between theory and practice in nursing?

The theory-practice gap refers to the disconnect between learned theories and actual nursing practice Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT addressed by a nursing theory when considering its appropriateness for practice?

What medications will be prescribed Signup and view all the answers

What is a major drawback of relying solely on past experiences in nursing?

It can disregard individual patient needs Signup and view all the answers

In theory application, which of the following elements is crucial to determine before implementing a nursing theory?

The specific timing for when the theory should be applied Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of patient care delivery models like total patient care and team nursing?

Promoting collaborative care among various healthcare professionals Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason that nursing cannot be defined with a single, globally applicable definition?

Global variations in nursing practice and education standards exist. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with a recognized profession?

Informal training and development Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes nursing as an art in practice?

Emphasis on creativity, intuitiveness, and tailored care for patients Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for nursing to continue evolving as a profession?

Critical reflection and empirical evidence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following attributes best defines nursing as a discipline?

A philosophy and conceptual framework guiding practice Signup and view all the answers

Why is the concept of autonomy important in nursing?

It provides control over professional activities. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential for establishing a profession like nursing?

Altruistic service to society Signup and view all the answers

In what way does nursing as a science differ from nursing as an art?

Nursing as science is based on empirical evidence and best practices. Signup and view all the answers