Nitrogen Cycling by Bacteria Quiz

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What are prokaryotes?

Single-celled organisms that make up domains Bacteria and Archaea (correct)

Fungi and algae

Organisms with well-defined nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

Multi-celled organisms with complex structures

How do prokaryotic cells compare to eukaryotic cells in terms of size and complexity?

Prokaryotic cells are larger and more complex than eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotic cells are larger but less complex than eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are similar in size and complexity

Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells (correct)

Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells that allows them to reproduce quickly?

Smaller and simpler structure (correct)

Highly specialized functions

Larger nucleus

Extensive membrane-bound organelles

Why are prokaryotes considered an extremely successful group of organisms?

They are well adapted to diverse environments (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of environment would thermoacidophiles thrive in?

Extremely hot and acidic environments like hot springs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three most common shapes of prokaryotic cells as mentioned in the text?

Rods, spheres, spirals (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the membrane type of bacteria through Gram-staining?

Outer cell wall strengthened by peptidoglycan (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of motile bacteria mentioned in the text?

Absence of flagella (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature between bacterial and eukaryotic cell walls?

Presence of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the way bacteria and Archaea strengthen their outer cell walls?

Archaeal walls contain no peptidoglycan (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells as mentioned in the text?

Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the context of the text?

Convert N2 into a form usable by plants (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial process involves converting organic material into ammonia or ammonium?

Ammonification (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the nodules on the roots of legumes?

Host mutualistic bacteria involved in nitrogen fixation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial structure enables DNA transfer during conjugation?

Fimbriae (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of endospores produced by bacteria?

Survival in harsh conditions (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do most bacteria reproduce asexually?

Through binary fission (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can bacteria be used for in bioremediation?

To remove pollutants from the environment (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecules are toxins produced by pathogens?

Small organic molecules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antibiotics in combating bacterial diseases?

Inhibit protein synthesis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is responsible for causing tetanus?

Clostridium tetani (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of most antibiotics discovered?

Soil bacteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Prokaryotes in bioremediation?

Removing pollutants from the environment (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while neither harming nor helping the other significantly, it is an example of:

Commensalism (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do beneficial bacteria contribute to human health?

By breaking down undigested food in our intestines (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pathogens among prokaryotes?

Causing diseases and harming hosts (B) Signup and view all the answers

How have prokaryotes contributed to advancements in DNA technology?

Through experiments leading to important advances in DNA technology (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role do bacteria play in food science and biotechnology?

They contribute to fermentation processes like producing lactic acid (B) Signup and view all the answers