NIST Cybersecurity Framework Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which component of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework focuses on maintaining a record of assets and system users?

  • Protect
  • Detect
  • Recover
  • Identify (correct)

    • What tier of the NIST Implementation Tiers indicates that cybersecurity practices are formal and documented?

  • Tier 3 (correct)
  • Tier 1
  • Tier 2
  • Tier 4

    • In the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, which function is primarily concerned with responding to cybersecurity events?

  • Respond (correct)
  • Detect
  • Protect
  • Recover

    • What does the 'current profile' in a NIST Framework Profile represent?

    <p>Existing level of organizational risk management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Tier 2 in the NIST Implementation Tiers?

    <p>Management approval of cybersecurity efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the categories used to classify the role of IT in an organization?

    <p>Support, Factory, Turnaround, Strategic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the enterprise size defined according to the provided classifications?

    <p>Small: 50-249, Medium: 250-499, Large: 500+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors are included in the COBIT Design Factor of Risk Profile?

    <p>Current risk exposure and risk appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the sourcing model for IT?

    <p>The procurement model adopted by the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compliance requirement classification would apply to a large bank?

    <p>High compliance requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an organization with a First Mover Technology Adoption Strategy?

    <p>They adopt emerging technologies before they are proven.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of COBIT, who is responsible for settling governance policies?

    <p>Board of Directors (BOD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common issue identified in the Information and Technology Design Factor?

    <p>Insufficient IT resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main components of the NIST Privacy Framework?

    <p>Identify privacy risks related to data processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines Tier 3 in the Privacy Framework Tiers?

    <p>Repeatable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 20 Control Families in SP 800-53?

    <p>Data Transparency and Reporting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of a data breach?

    <p>Financial loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of control is implemented specifically at the information system level according to SP 800-53?

    <p>System Specific Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about HIPAA is true?

    <p>It promotes national standards for health care privacy and security.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average cost of a data breach, according to the content?

    <p>$4 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk management process is NOT a basis of the Privacy Framework Tiers?

    <p>Risk Assessment Audits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is intended to be the primary audience for SP 800-53?

    <p>Individuals with security and privacy assessment responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the HIPAA Security Rule aim to protect?

    <p>Confidentiality, integrity, and availability of all PHI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the EDM governance objective in COBIT?

    <p>To evaluate strategic objectives and monitor their progress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 management objectives in the COBIT Core Model?

    <p>IEC: Integrate, Evaluate, and Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the COBIT governance system addresses the necessary activities to achieve IT goals?

    <p>Processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'APO' component in COBIT primarily focus on?

    <p>Organizing IT resources for maximum efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which design factor in COBIT helps organizations assess their approach to technology and adoption?

    <p>Technology Adoption Strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these best describes the role of the 'Culture, Ethics, and Behavior' component in COBIT governance?

    <p>It influences the success of management and governance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of COBIT, what do the 'Services, Infrastructure, and Applications' include?

    <p>Tools needed for IT processing and governance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key components of the BAI management objective in COBIT?

    <p>Managed Change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which design factor would you focus on to understand the compliance obligations an organization faces?

    <p>Compliance Requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an important component of the MEA governance objective?

    <p>Managed Assurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are components of administrative safeguards in HIPAA?

    <p>Security management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the HITECH Act?

    <p>To increase penalties for HIPAA violations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following GDPR principles focuses on limiting data storage?

    <p>Storage Limitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement under PCI DSS for protecting cardholder data?

    <p>Encrypt all data in transit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the CIS Controls?

    <p>Disaster Recovery Planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CIS Implementation Group describes organizations with security experts in all domains?

    <p>IG3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under GDPR, what must data processing be for to comply with the Purpose Limitation principle?

    <p>Specified, Explicit, and Legitimate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which goal of PCI DSS involves protecting cardholder data?

    <p>Protect Cardholder Data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following controls emphasizes continuous identification of vulnerabilities?

    <p>Continuous Vulnerability Management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is one of the six principles of GDPR?

    <p>Integrity and Confidentiality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle of the CIS Controls design?

    <p>Measurable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of CIS Control 4?

    <p>Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of the COBIT 2019 governance framework?

    <p>Holistic approach to IT governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a requirement for data processors not based in the EU under GDPR?

    <p>GDPR can still apply if they offer goods or services to EU residents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF)

    • Established in 1901 to promote research capabilities.
    • Improved in 1995 to include cybersecurity.
    • Three standardized frameworks from NIST:
      • NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF)
      • NIST Privacy Framework
      • NIST SP 800-53 - Security and Privacy Controls

    NIST Cybersecurity Framework Components

    • Framework Core:

    • GOVERN: Identify, keep record of assets, system users, all systems; Protect, deploy safeguards, regular updates, backups; Detect, detect active cyber security attacks, monitor network; Respond, contain cybersecurity event, react, notify affected parties; Recover, support restoration, restore files.

    • Five functions, 23 categories, 108 subcategories

    • Framework Implementation Tiers:

    • Benchmarking the degree to which an organization integrates information security practices throughout.

    • Tier 1: Partial

    • Tier 2: Risk-informed

    • Tier 3: Repeatable

    • Tier 4: Adaptive

    • Framework Profile:

    • Mechanisms for NIST to recommend how companies measure and minimize cybersecurity risk.

    • Current profile: Current state of organizational risk management.

    • Target profile: Desired future state of organizational risk management.

    • Gap analysis: Differences between current and desired state.

    NIST Privacy Framework

    • Framework on data protection.
    • Developed to be industry-agnostic
    • Overlaps with NIST Cybersecurity Framework.
    • Components:
    • Identify: Privacy risks related to data processing
    • Govern: Governance structure (new)
    • Control: Management structure (new)
    • Communicate: Dialogue around privacy risks (new)
    • Protect: Safeguards
    • Detect: Discovering privacy risks
    • Respond: Reacting to privacy breach
    • Recover: Continuing business after privacy breach.
    • Same Tiers as NIST CSF.

    SP 800-53: 20 Control Families (be familiar)

    • AC: Access and control
    • AT: Awareness and training
    • AU: Audit and accountability
    • CA: Assessment, authorization, monitoring
    • CM: Configuration management
    • CP: Contingency planning
    • IA: Identity and authentication
    • IR: Incident response
    • MA: Maintenance
    • MP: Media protection
    • PE: Physical and environmental protection
    • PL: Planning
    • PM: Program management
    • PS: Personnel security
    • PT: PII processing and transparency
    • RA: Risk assessment
    • SA: System and services acquisition
    • SC: Systems and communication protection
    • SI: Systems and information integrity
    • SR: Supply chain risk management

    SP 800-53: Control Implementation Approaches

    • Common Control: Implemented at the organizational level
    • System Specific Control: Implemented at information system level
    • Hybrid Control: Combination of entity and system level controls

    GDPR

    • General Data Protection Regulation - European Union's general law regarding data privacy, strictest global privacy laws.
    • Penalties for violations are steep.
    • GDPR applies to data processors either based in EU, offering services to EU citizens or monitoring EU citizens.

    GDPR Six Principles

    • LPDALC:
      • Lawfulness, Fairness, Transparency
      • Purpose Limitation: Data is for legitimate purposes
      • Data Minimization: Only store necessary data
      • Accuracy: Accurate and updated data
      • Storage Limitation: Store data only as long as necessary
      • Integrity and Confidentiality: Data protected against accidental loss, destruction, or damage.

    Purpose Limitation versus Data Minimization

    • Purpose Limitation (SEL): Data must be processed for specified, explicit, and legitimate purposes.
    • Data Minimization (RAN): Data processing should be relevant, adequate, and limited to what is necessary for the purpose.

    Other standards (CIS, HIPAA, HITECH)

    • Information about the Center for Internet Security (CIS) controls, HIPAA, and HITECH.

    Data Breach Consequences

    • Business disruptions, reputation harm, financial loss, data loss, legal/regulatory implications, costs around $4 million average.
    • Cost includes expenses for detection, escalation, consumer notification, post-breach response, loss of revenue.

    • A framework for IT governance and management, originally developed by the Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA).

    • COBIT principles, six principles, three guidelines, COBIT core model (1 Governance objective and 4 Management objectives), focus areas, design considerations (enterprise strategy, goals, risk profile, information and technology, threat landscape, factors, compliance requirements, role of IT, implementations, sourcing models, technology adoption, enterprise size, focus areas), and core publications.

    • Additional topics like CIS controls, data protection, incident response, etc. are covered too.

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    NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF), including its core components, implementation tiers, and profiling mechanisms. Test your knowledge on the framework's role in promoting cybersecurity best practices and its historical development since 1901.

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